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94-1 research and development project lead laboratory support. Status report, October 1--December 31, 1996 (open access)

94-1 research and development project lead laboratory support. Status report, October 1--December 31, 1996

This status report is published for Los Alamos National Laboratory 94-1 Research and Development (R and D) projects. The Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management (DOE/EM) funds these projects in order to support the storage or disposal of legacy plutonium and plutonium-bearing materials that resulted from weapons production throughout the DOE complex. This report summarizes status and technical progress for Materials Identification and Surveillance; Stabilization Process Development; Surveillance and Monitoring; Core Technology; Separations; Materials Science; Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Plutonium(IV) and Plutonium(VI) Phosphates; Plutonium Phosphate Solution Chemistry; and Molten Salt/Nonaqueous Electrochemistry.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Rink, N.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
303-K Storage facility sampling and analysis plan (open access)

303-K Storage facility sampling and analysis plan

This document describes the cleanup, sampling, and analysis activities associated with the closure of the 303-K Storage Facility under the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303-610, ``Dangerous Waste Regulations.`` this document is a supplement to the 303-K Storage Facility Closure Plan (DOE-RL 1995a) (Closure Plan). The objective of these activities is to support clean closure of the 303 K Storage Facility. This document defines the information and activities needed to meet this objective, including: constituents of concern, cleanup performance standards, cleanup activities, sampling locations and methods, field screening locations and methods, field quality control requirements, laboratory analytical methods, and data validation methodology. This document supersedes the Closure Plan if the two conflict
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Adler, J. G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
129I interlaboratory comparison: phase I and phase II results (open access)

129I interlaboratory comparison: phase I and phase II results

An interlaboratory comparison exercise for 129I was organized and conducted. A total of nine laboratories participated in the exercise to either a full or limited extent. In Phase I of the comparison, a suite of 11 samples were measured. The suite of samples contained both synthetic `standard type` materials (i.e., AgI) and environmental materials. The isotopic 129I/127I ratios of the samples varied from 10`-8 to 10`-14. In this phase, each laboratory was responsible for its own chemical preparation of the environmental samples. The 129I AMS measurements obtained at different laboratories for prepared AgI were in good agreement. However, large discrepancies were seen in 129I AMS measurements of environmental samples. Because of the large discrepancies seen in the Phase I intercomparison, a subsequent study was conducted. In Phase II of the comparison, AgI was prepared from two environmental samples (IAEA 375 soil and maples leaves) by three separate laboratories. Each laboratory used its own chemical preparation method with each of the methods being distinctly different. The resulting six samples (two sets of three) were then redistributed to the participating 129I AMS facilities and 129I/127I ratios measured. Results and discussion of both the Phase I and Phase II interlaboratory comparison are presented.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Roberts, M. I.; Caffee, M. W. & Proctor, I. D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
1997 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Report for the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, Title III, Section 313 (open access)

1997 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Report for the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, Title III, Section 313

The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCIL4), Title III, Section 313 [also known as the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA)], as modified by Executive Order 12856, requires all federal facilities to submit an annual Toxic Chemical Release Inventory report every July for the preceding calendar year. Owners and operators of manufacturing, processing, or production facilities are required to report their toxic chemical releases to all environmental mediums (air, water, soil, etc.). At Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), nitric acid was the only toxic chemical used in 1997 that met the reportable threshold limit of 10,000 lb. Form R is the only documentation required by the Environmental Protection Agency, and it is included in the appendix of this report. This report, as requested by DOE, is provided for documentation purposes. In addition, a detailed description of the evaluation and reporting process for chemicals and processes at LANL has been included.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: McBride, Heather
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
36Cl/Cl ratios in geothermal systems: preliminary measurements from the Coso Field (open access)

36Cl/Cl ratios in geothermal systems: preliminary measurements from the Coso Field

The {sub 36}Cl/Cl isotopic composition of chlorine in geothermal systems can be a useful diagnostic tool in characterizing hydrologic structure, in determining the origins and age of waters within the systems, and in differentiating the sources of chlorine (and other solutes) in the thermal waters. The {sub 36}Cl/Cl values for several geothermal water samples and reservoir host rock samples from the Coso, California geothermal field have been measured for these purposes. The results indicate that most of the chlorine is not derived from the dominant granitoid that host the geothermal system. If the chlorine was originally input into the Coso subsurface through meteoric recharge, that input occurred at least 1-1.25 million years ago. The results suggest that the thermal waters could be connate waters derived from sedimentary formations, presumably underlying and adjacent top the granitic rocks, which have recently migrated into the host rocks. Alternatively, most of the chlorine but not the water, may have recently input into the system from magmatic sources. In either case, the results indicate that most of the chlorine in the thermal waters has existed within the granitoid host rocks for no more than about 100,00-200,00 years. this residence time for the chlorine is similar …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Nimz, G.J.; Moore, J.N. & Kasameyer, P.W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator Production of Tritium - Project Execution Plan (open access)

Accelerator Production of Tritium - Project Execution Plan

None
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Fultonberg, D.N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accumulator ring design for the NSNS project (open access)

Accumulator ring design for the NSNS project

The goal of the proposed National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS) is to provide a short pulse proton beam of about 0.5 {mu}s with average beam power of 1 MW. To achieve such purpose, a proton storage ring operated at 60 Hz with 1 x 10{sup 14} protons per pulse at 1 GeV is required. The Accumulator Ring (AR) receives 1 msec long H{sup {minus}} beam bunches of 28 mA from a 1 GeV linac. Scope and design performance goals of the AR are presented, other possible technological choices and design options considered, but not adopted, are also briefly reviewed.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Weng, W. T.; Alessi, J. & Beebe-Wang, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Concurrent-Engineering Environment Final Report (open access)

Advanced Concurrent-Engineering Environment Final Report

Sandia demonstrated large-scale visualization in a conference room environment. Project focused in the installation of hardware for visualization and display, and the integration of software tools for design and animation of 3-dimensional parts. Using a high-end visualization server, 3-dimensional modeling and animation software, and leading edge World Wide Web technology, an advanced concurrent engineering environment was simulated where a design team was able to work collectively, rather than as solely disjoint individual efforts. Finally, a successful animation of a Sandia part was demonstrated, and a computer video generated. This video is now accessible on a Sandia internal web server.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Jortner, J. N. & Friesen, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced control room design review guidelines: Integration of the NUREG-0700 guidelines and development of new human-system interface guidelines (open access)

Advanced control room design review guidelines: Integration of the NUREG-0700 guidelines and development of new human-system interface guidelines

This report documents the work conducted in four tasks of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) project entitled Review Criteria for Human Factors Aspects of Advanced Controls and Instrumentation. The purpose of the first task was to integrate the applicable sections of NUREG-0700 into the advanced control room design review (ACRDR) guidelines to ensure that all applicable guidelines are together in one document and conveniently accessible to users. The primary objective of the second task was to formulate a strategy for the development of new ACRDR guidelines that have not otherwise been identified. The main focus of the third task was to modify the individual ACRDR guidelines generated to date to ensure that they are suitable for the intended nuclear power plant (NPP) control station system application. The goal of the fourth task was to develop human factors guidelines for two human-system interface categories that are missing from the current ACRDR guidelines document. During the first task those areas in NUREG-0700 that are not addressed by the ACRDR guidelines document were identified, the areas were subsequently reviewed against six recent industry human factors engineering review guidelines, and the NUREG-0700 guidelines were updated as necessary. In the second task 13 general categories …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Carter, R. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Emissions Control Development Program: Mercury Control (open access)

Advanced Emissions Control Development Program: Mercury Control

McDermott Technology, Inc. (a subsidiary of Babcock & Wilcox) is conducting the Advanced Emissions Control Development Project (AECDP) which is aimed at the development of practical, cost-effective strategies for reducing the emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) from coal-fired electric utility plants. The need for such controls may arise as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proceeds with implementation of requirements set forth in the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA`s) of 1990. Promulgation of air toxics emissions regulations for electric utility plants could dramatically impact utilities burning coal, their industrial and residential customers, and the coal industry. AECDP project work will supply the information needed by utilities to respond to potential HAPs regulations in a timely, cost-effective, enviromnentally-sound manner which supports the continued use of the Nation`s abundant reserves of coal, such as those in the State of Ohio. The development work is being carried out using the 10 MW Clean Environment Development Facility wherein air toxics emissions control strategies can be developed under controlled conditions. The specific objectives of the project are to (1) measure and understand production and partitioning of air toxics species for a variety of coals, (2) optimize the air toxics removal performance of conventional flue …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Evans, A. P.; Redinger, K. W. & Holmes, M. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced experimental analysis of controls on microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction. First year progress report (open access)

Advanced experimental analysis of controls on microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction. First year progress report

'The authors have made considerable progress toward a number of project objectives during the first several months of activity on the project. An exhaustive analysis was made of the growth rate and biomass yield (both derived from measurements of cell protein production) of two representative strains of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (Shewanellaalga strain BrY and Geobactermetallireducens) growing with different forms of Fe(III) as an electron acceptor. These two fundamentally different types of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria (FeRB) showed comparable rates of Fe(III) reduction, cell growth, and biomass yield during reduction of soluble Fe(III)-citrate and solid-phase amorphous hydrous ferric oxide (HFO). Intrinsic growth rates of the two FeRB were strongly influenced by whether a soluble or a solid-phase source of Fe(III) was provided: growth rates on soluble Fe(III) were 10--20 times higher than those on solid-phase Fe(III) oxide. Intrinsic FeRB growth rates were comparable during reduction of HF0 and a synthetic crystalline Fe(III) oxide (goethite). A distinct lag phase for protein production was observed during the first several days of incubation in solid-phase Fe(III) oxide medium, even though Fe(III) reduction proceeded without any lag. No such lag between protein production and Fe(III) reduction was observed during growth with soluble Fe(III). This result suggested that protein …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Roden, E.E. & Urrutia, M.M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Hot-Gas Desulfurization Sorbents (open access)

Advanced Hot-Gas Desulfurization Sorbents

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power systems are being advanced worldwide for generating electricity from coal due to their superior environmental performance, economics, and efficiency in comparison to conventional coal-based power plants. Hot gas cleanup offers the potential for higher plant thermal efficiencies and lower cost. A key subsystem of hot-gas cleanup is hot-gas desulfurization using regenerable sorbents. Sorbents based on zinc oxide are currently the leading candidates and are being developed for moving- and fluidized- bed reactor applications. Zinc oxide sorbents can effectively reduce the H{sub 2}S in coal gas to around 10 ppm levels and can be regenerated for multicycle operation. However, all current first-generation leading sorbents undergo significant loss of reactivity with cycling, as much as 50% or greater loss in only 25-50 cycles. Stability of the hot-gas desulfurization sorbent over 100`s of cycles is essential for improved IGCC economics over conventional power plants. This project aims to develop hot-gas cleanup sorbents for relatively lower temperature applications, 343 to 538{degrees}C with emphasis on the temperature range from 400 to 500{degrees}. Recent economic evaluations have indicated that the thermal efficiency of IGCC systems increases rapidly with the temperature of hot-gas cleanup up to 350{degrees}C and then very slowly …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Jothimurugesan, K.; Gangwal, S.K.; Gupta, R. & Turk, B.S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced measurements and techniques in high magnetic fields (open access)

Advanced measurements and techniques in high magnetic fields

This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). High magnetic fields present a unique environment for studying the electronic structure of materials. Two classes of materials were chosen for experiments at the national high Magnetic Field Laboratory at Los Alamos: highly correlated electron systems and semiconductors. Magnetotransport and thermodynamic experiments were performed on the renormalized ground states of highly correlated electron systems (such as heavy fermion materials and Kondo insulators) in the presence of magnetic fields that are large enough to disrupt the many-body correlations. A variety of optical measurements in high magnetic fields were performed on semiconductor heterostructures including GaAs/AlGaAs single heterojunctions (HEMT structure), coupled double quantum wells (CDQW), asymmetric coupled double quantum wells (ACDQW), multiple quantum wells and a CdTe single crystal thin film.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Campbell, L.J.; Rickel, D.G.; Lacerda, A.H. & Kim, Y.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts in Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology: Phase 2. Exploratory Studies on the Direct Production of Elemental Sulfur During the Regeneration of High Temperature Desulfurization Sorbents. Topical Report (open access)

Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts in Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology: Phase 2. Exploratory Studies on the Direct Production of Elemental Sulfur During the Regeneration of High Temperature Desulfurization Sorbents. Topical Report

The topical report describes the results of Phase 2 research to determine the feasibility of the direct production of elemental sulfur during the regeneration of high temperature desulfurization sorbents. Many of the contaminants present in coal emerge from the gasification process in the product gas. Much effort has gone into the development of high temperature metal oxide sorbents for removal of H{sub 2}S from coal gas. The oxides of zinc, iron, manganese, and others have been studied. In order for high temperature desulfurization to be economical it is necessary that the sorbents be regenerated to permit multicycle operation. Current methods of sorbent regeneration involve oxidation of the metal sulfide to reform the metal oxide and free the sulfur as SO{sub 2}. An alternate regeneration process in which the sulfur is liberated in elemental form is desired. Elemental sulfur, which is the typical feed to sulfuric acid plants, may be easily separated, stored, and transported. Although research to convert SO{sub 2} produced during sorbent regeneration to elemental sulfur is on-going, additional processing steps are required and the overall process will be more complex. Clearly, the direct production of elemental sulfur is preferred. Desulfurization utilizing a cerium oxide based sorbent is discussed.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Lopez, A.; Huang, W. & White, J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aerial and ground-based inspections of mine sites in the Western U.S.-implications for on-site inspection overflights, under the CTBT (open access)

Aerial and ground-based inspections of mine sites in the Western U.S.-implications for on-site inspection overflights, under the CTBT

The verification regime of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) provides for the possibility of On-Site Inspections (OSI`s) to resolve questions concerning suspicious events which may have been clandestine nuclear tests. Overflights by fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft, as part of an OSI, are permitted by the Treaty. These flights are intended to facilitate the narrowing of the inspection area, from an initial permissible 1000 km{sup 2}, and to help select the locations to deploy observers and ground-based sensors (seismic, radionuclides, . . .) Because of the substantial amount of seismicity generated by mining operations worldwide, it is expected that mine sites and mine districts would be prime candidates for OSI`S. To gain experience in this context, a number of aerial and ground-based mine site inspections have been performed in the Western U.S. by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory since 1994. These inspections are part of a broad range of CTBT mining-related projects conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy and its National Laboratories. The various sites are described next, and inferences are made concerning CTBT OSI`S. All the mines are legitimate operations, with no implication whatsoever of any clandestine tests.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Heuze, F.E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
AFBC co-firing of coal and hospital waste. Fourth quarterly report, 1997 (open access)

AFBC co-firing of coal and hospital waste. Fourth quarterly report, 1997

The project objective is to design, construct, install, provide operator training and start-up a circulating fluidized bed combustion system at the Lebanon Pennsylvania Veteran`s Affairs Medical Center. This unit will co-fire coal and hospital waste providing lower cost steam for heating and possibly cooling (absorption chiller) and operation of a steam turbine-generator for limited power generation while providing efficient destruction of both general and infectious hospital waste. The steam generated is as follows: Steam =20,000 lb/hr; Temperature = 353 F (saturated); Pressure= 125 psig; Steam quality = 98.5%
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Age, Volume 21, Number 7, July 1997 (open access)

The Age, Volume 21, Number 7, July 1997

Monthly publication containing information related to Chambers County, Texas, including current events of the Chambers County Historical Commission, the Wallisville Heritage Park, and the Chambers County historical and genealogical societies; reprinted newspaper articles about county events and citizens; and historical news and records.
Date: July 1997
Creator: Wallisville Heritage Park (Organization)
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
AGS slow extracted beam improvement (open access)

AGS slow extracted beam improvement

The Brookhaven AGS is a strong focusing accelerator which is used to accelerate protons and various heavy ion species to an equivalent proton energy of 29 GeV. Since the late 1960`s it has been serving high energy physics (HEP - proton beam) users of both slow and fast extracted beams. The AGS fixed target program presently uses primary proton and heavy ion beams (HIP) in slowly extracted fashion over spill lengths of 1.5 to 4.0 seconds. Extraction is accomplished by flattoping the main and extraction magnets and exciting a third integer resonance in the AGS. Over the long spill times, control of the subharmonic amplitude components up to a frequency of 1 kilohertz is very crucial. One of the most critical contributions to spill modulation is due to the AGS MMPS. An active filter was developed to reduce these frequencies and it`s operation is described in a previous paper. However there are still frequency components in the 60-720 Hz sub-harmonic ripple range, modulating the spill structure due to extraction power supplies and any remaining structures on the AGS MMPS. A recent scheme is being developed to use the existing tune-trim control horizontal quadrupole magnets and power supply to further reduce …
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Marneris, I.; Danowski, G.; Sandberg, J. & Soukas, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Los Alamos National Laboratory Research Library: Integrating the present with the future (open access)

Los Alamos National Laboratory Research Library: Integrating the present with the future

Today The LANL Research Library works in challenging times with limited resources, evolving technologies and changing customer needs. In order to balance today`s products and services with tomorrow`s strategic direction it must focus on the present and the future at the same time. It must understand current products and services, customers and suppliers. It needs to continuously work to ensure that customer needs are satisfied. In addition, it should build the groundwork for future innovative products that anticipate customer needs. By planning for future needs while it provides today`s products it will successfully move into the twenty first century as a valuable resource for researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The author will outline the current process for balancing present and future Library products and services for their customers by using a fully integrated business planning system.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Stack, J.M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Area-A beam window heat transfer alalysis (open access)

Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Area-A beam window heat transfer alalysis

Several analyses that investigate heat transfer in the Area-A beam window were conducted. It was found that the Area-A window should be able to withstand the 1-mA, 3-cm beam of the accelerator production of tritium materials test, but that the margins to failure are small. It was also determined that when the window is subjected to the 1-mA, 3-cm beam, the inner window thermocouples should read higher than the current temperature limit of 900{degrees}C, although it is possible that the thermocouples may fail before they reach these temperatures. Another finding of this study was that the actual beam width before April 1997 was 20 to 25% greater than the harp-wire printout indicated. Finally, the effect of a copper-oxide layer on the window coolant passage was studied. The results did not indicate the presence of a large copper-oxide layer; however, the results were not conclusive.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Poston, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) (open access)

The Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART)

Projections of charged particle beam current density (profiles) are frequently used as a measure of beam position and size. In conventional practice only two projections, usually horizontal and vertical, are measured. This puts a severe limit on the detail of information that can be achieved. A third projection provides a significant improvement. The Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (ART) uses three or more projections to reconstruct 3-dimensional density profiles. At the 200 MeV H-linac, we have used this technique to measure beam density, and it has proved very helpful, especially in helping determine if there is any coupling present in x-y phase space. We will present examples of measurements of current densities using this technique.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Raparia, D.; Alessi, J. & Kponou, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Algorithms and design for a second-order automatic differentiation module (open access)

Algorithms and design for a second-order automatic differentiation module

This article describes approaches to computing second-order derivatives with automatic differentiation (AD) based on the forward mode and the propagation of univariate Taylor series. Performance results are given that show the speedup possible with these techniques relative to existing approaches. The authors also describe a new source transformation AD module for computing second-order derivatives of C and Fortran codes and the underlying infrastructure used to create a language-independent translation tool.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Abate, J.; Bischof, C.; Roh, L. & Carle, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alignment of the high beta magnets in the RHIC interaction regions (open access)

Alignment of the high beta magnets in the RHIC interaction regions

The betatron functions inside the triplet quadrupoles in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider-RHIC are of the order of 1,500 m, necessitating additional attention in the alignment procedure. On each side of the interaction regions eight cryogenic elements (six quadrupoles and two horizontal bending dipoles) are placed inside large cryostats. The quadrupole magnetic centers are obtained by antenna measurements with an accuracy of {+-} 60 {micro}m. The signals from the antenna were cross calibrated with the colloidal cell measurements of the same magnet. The positions of the fiducials are related to the magnet centers during the antenna measurements. Elements are positioned warm inside the cryostats, with offsets to account for shrinkage during the cool down. The supports at the middle of the two central quadrupoles are fixed, while every other element slides longitudinally inside the cryostat during cool down or warm up.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Trbojevic, D.; Jain, A.; Tepikian, S.; Grandinetti, R.; Ganetis, G.; Wei, J. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 92, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 1, 1997 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 98, No. 92, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 1, 1997

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 1, 1997
Creator: Cole, Carol
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History