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"Junk E-mail": An Overview of Issues and Legislation Concerning Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Mail ("Spam") (open access)

"Junk E-mail": An Overview of Issues and Legislation Concerning Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Mail ("Spam")

Unsolicited commercial e-mail (UCE), also called “spam” or “junk e-mail,” aggravates many computer users. Not only can it be a nuisance, but its cost may be passed on to consumers through higher charges from Internet service providers who must upgrade their systems to handle the traffic. Proponents of UCE insist it is a legitimate marketing technique and protected by the First Amendment. Legislation to place limits on UCE was considered by the last three Congresses (105th-107th), but no federal law was enacted (27 states have anti-spam laws, however). Two bills have been introduced in the 108th Congress: S. 563 (Dayton) and S. 877 (Burns).
Date: April 15, 2003
Creator: Smith, Marcia S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
V-Chip and TV Ratings: Helping Parents Supervise Their Children's Television Viewing (open access)

V-Chip and TV Ratings: Helping Parents Supervise Their Children's Television Viewing

To assist parents in supervising the television viewing habits of their children, Congress included a provision in the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-104) that television sets with screens 13 inches or larger sold in the United States be equipped with a "V-chip" to screen out objectionable programming. A V-chip is a computer chip that can detect program rating information that is transmitted with the television signal (broadcast or cable) and block the display of programs designated as unacceptable by parents. The use of the V-chip by parents is optional. In March 1998, the Federal Communications Commission approved technical standards for the V-chip and directed that manufacturers include V-chip technology in at least half of their product models by July 1, 1999, and the other half by January 1, 2000. At the same time, the Commission approved a program rating system developed and now used by most of the television industry. An age-based rating system was announced in December 1996.
Date: April 14, 1998
Creator: Smith, Marcia S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

[Panhandle Dust Storm]

Photograph of a Panhandle dust storm approaching Perryton, Texas, on April 14, 1935.
Date: April 14, 1935
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
Intelligence Issues for Congress (open access)

Intelligence Issues for Congress

To address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st Century, congressional and executive branch initiatives have sought to improve coordination among the different agencies and to encourage better analysis. This report examines various issues faced by the Intelligence Community and relevant policy in the 109th Congress.
Date: April 22, 2005
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union (open access)

U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union

This report describes the broad framework of U.S. assistance programs and policies in the former Soviet Union and then focuses on the foreign operations FREEDOM Support Act (FSA) account which, encompassing all U.S. objectives in the region, has often been the means by which Congress has expressed its views and sought to influence policy.
Date: April 14, 2005
Creator: Tarnoff, Curt
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Georgia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Georgia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Georgia.
Date: April 2, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Connecticut Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Connecticut Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Connecticut.
Date: April 2, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Delaware Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Delaware Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Delaware.
Date: April 2, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Richardson, Sula P.; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
District of Columbia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

District of Columbia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the District of Columbia.
Date: April 2, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Richardson, Sula P.; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ballistic Missile Defense:  Historical Overview (open access)

Ballistic Missile Defense: Historical Overview

In recent years there has been a growing sense of urgency to develop and deploy effective missile defenses against a range of long and short range ballistic missile threats. Although many might believe this to be relative new to U.S. national security objectives, such interest been ongoing since the 1960s, and current technologies being investigated date to the early 1980s. This effort has been challenging technically and politically controversial. Some $100 billion has been spent since the mid-1980s. This report provides a brief overview of U.S. efforts to date.
Date: April 22, 2005
Creator: Hildreth, Steven A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hong Kong - U.S. Economic Relations (open access)

Hong Kong - U.S. Economic Relations

This report discusses about Recent economic challenges, Hong Kong- U.S. ties, Export Controls, IPR Protection, Hong Kong economic future and many more.
Date: April 7, 2004
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 109th Congress (open access)

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 109th Congress

This report discusses the ongoing debate about whether or not to approve energy development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Current law forbids energy leasing in the Refuge. This report addresses several legislative options on the issue, as well as policymakers' arguments for and against development, especially in the wake of increasing terrorism since 2000-2001.
Date: April 25, 2005
Creator: Corn, M. Lynne; Gelb, Bernard A. & Baldwin, Pamela
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Message of Governor T.M. Campbell to the first called session of the thirtieth legislature of Texas: together with the proclamation of the Governor convening the legislature in extra-ordinary session. (open access)

Message of Governor T.M. Campbell to the first called session of the thirtieth legislature of Texas: together with the proclamation of the Governor convening the legislature in extra-ordinary session.

This document is a message to the legislature of Texas from Governor T.M. Campbell. The purpose of the message was to get the legislature prepared to discuss laws concerning: simplification of court proceedings in the state of Texas, making telephone companies transmit other telephone companies messages, fair and lawful taxing of its citizens, increase business fees of both domestic and foreign businesses, and any other matters relating to the Constitution of Texas.
Date: April 17, 1907
Creator: Campbell, Thomas Mitchell
Object Type: Book
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Charlotte Mexia to Emily de Zavala, April 22, 1837] (open access)

[Letter from Charlotte Mexia to Emily de Zavala, April 22, 1837]

Letter from Charlotte Mexia to Emily de Zavala, widow of Lorenzo de Zavala, dated April 22, 1837 from New Orleans. The letter refers to her sadness after her son Henry and many friends have left the city. Mrs. Zavala, with her three children and a servant, traveled from Texas to New Orleans on the schooner Flash, arriving March 20, 1837. She and Mrs. Mexia had been friends in Mexico in 1832. Mrs. Zavala and her children left New Orleans for New York on April 9, 1837, thirteen days before Mrs. Mexia wrote this letter to her. The letter also references Lorenzo de Zavala Jr., the son of Lorenzo de Zavala and stepson of Mrs. Emily de Zavala. Lorenzo, Jr. arrived in New Orleans from Texas on April 10, and sometime after April 22 left New Orleans for New York. Charlotte Mexia was married to Jose Antonio Mexia.
Date: April 22, 1834
Creator: Mexia, Charlotte
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation (open access)

Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation

This report provides background on the purpose, structure, and other aspects of the new Institute for Security Cooperation.
Date: April 10, 2002
Creator: Grimmett, Richard F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transit Program Reauthorization in the 108th Congress (open access)

Transit Program Reauthorization in the 108th Congress

This report discusses the re authorization of transit programs funded by the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA).
Date: April 16, 2003
Creator: Peterman, David Randall
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Reform: President Bush's Individual Account Proposal (open access)

Social Security Reform: President Bush's Individual Account Proposal

The Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program, commonly referred to as Social Security, is facing a long-term fiscal deficit. In response to this challenge, President Bush has made Social Security reform the key focus of his domestic social policy agenda during his second term. On February 2, the President issued a document, “Strengthening Social Security for the 21st Century,” which lays out the specifications for a system of voluntary individual accounts to be phased-in as part of a reformed Social Security system. Administration officials concede that the individual accounts themselves do not alleviate the solvency problem. The individual account proposal would likely make the solvency problem worse over the next 75 years. The President has not yet specified how the additional shortfall due to the individual accounts will be financed. The President has stated that these accounts are just one piece of a comprehensive Social Security reform package and that additional measures will be needed to achieve long-term solvency. At the time of this report’s publication, the President has not specified what these additional measures might be.
Date: April 25, 2005
Creator: Haltzel, Laura
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues (open access)

Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues

This report provides background concerning various aspects of fuel ethanol, and a discussion of the current related policy issues.
Date: April 7, 2003
Creator: Yacobucci, Brent D. & Womach, Jasper
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Autograph album "To darling Mamie"] (open access)

[Autograph album "To darling Mamie"]

Page in autograph album reads: "To darling Mamie =My prayer= May choicest blessings crown thy head A"around [sic] thee beauteous robes be spread M"ay [sic] never sorrows gloomy pall. I"n [sic] all thy life - like a dark shadow fall E"ver [sic] guard her Father from starless skies D"o [sic] grant she may grow in beauty as old Time flies A"ye [sic] give a life all peace - or strength to bear with Fale V"erify [sic] every promise - of her present state I" pray for sunshine on her days and years S"avions [sic]! Save her, from storms and tears. Lovingly subscribed C.M. Reading Home- April 16, 1886".
Date: April 16, 1886
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Autograph album "To my little Friend"] (open access)

[Autograph album "To my little Friend"]

Page from the autograph album that reads: "To my little Friend, This world is like a garden Your heart the fairest spot. Now in this fairy bower, Let me plant "Forget me-not" Your Friend Richmond April 20th 1886".
Date: April 20, 1886
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Newspaper article titled "Pushing cattle to Bellaire"] (open access)

[Newspaper article titled "Pushing cattle to Bellaire"]

Newspaper article titled "Pushing cattle to Bellaire Cowboy: No place like home on the range" taken from the HERALD COASTER and written by Sharon Wallingford dated Wednesday, April 27, 1988. The article spotlights Oscar "Lightning" Autrey, a African-American cowboy. Written at the top of the article "Grandpa Jodarski first settled in Booth Tex when he came here - This is how it was 1920 - He knew Mr & Mrs Booth well. Written at bottom: "Ethel was born in Booth, Texas."
Date: April 27, 1988
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Clipping
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Robinson Portraits to Mr. Tom Booth] (open access)

[Letter from Robinson Portraits to Mr. Tom Booth]

Letter from Robinson Portraits to Mr. Tom Booth. Letterhead in blue: "Robinson Portraits Marijo Robinson One Studio Only Children and Pets [emblem] Member The Photographers Association of America 2912 Fannin, JA 9 - 1108 Houston 2, Texas Established 1935". The note reads as follows: "April 15 - 58 Mr. Tom Booth Richmond, Tex- 1-3 /14 [sic] x 4 1/4 colored copy in Frame - 5500 Paid April 16 - Robinson Portraits [sic] 1958". The photograph referred to in the letter is accession 2000.052.003b.
Date: April 15, 1958
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter with letterhead "The Cattleman"] (open access)

[Letter with letterhead "The Cattleman"]

Letter with letterhead from "The Cattleman Published By The Texas & Southwestern Cattle Raisers Association 410 E. Weatherford St., Fort Worth, Texas 76102, Phone 817/332-7155, Paul W. Horn, Editor" Contents of letter dated April 27, 1970: Mr. Hilmar G. Moore 900 Hillcrest, Richmond, Texas 77469 Dear Hilmar: Enclosed are the photographs which I took when I was with you and Walter at the George Ranch. The day was not the best and the photographer could have been a little better too. I understand Roger went out the next day when he had some sunlight. I hope he got some good shots for you. Sincerely, [signed] Paul W. Horn (cr) Paul W. Horn PWH/cr Enclosure CC: Walter Cardwell, Jr. Box 1018 Lockhart, Texas 78644."
Date: April 27, 1970
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History

[920 W. Swanitz - Lincoln School]

Photograph of the front and side of the "Lincoln School" located at 920 W. Swanitz in Palestine, Texas, taken from the northwest corner. It is a two-story brick building that served as a school for African-American students from 1923 until integration in Palestine during 1965. This building was demolished after a 1999 fire. A sign on the corner says: "Anderson County Community Council community Center, 723-5101, Our One Constant: Service to Humanity."
Date: April 1991
Creator: Emrich, Ron
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History