This comparative study assesses the state of democracy and examines the process of democratization in the Arab World between the years 1980-1993. It addresses shortcomings in the mainstream democracy literature that excluded the Arab World from the global democratic revolution on political cultural grounds. To fulfil the objectives of this study, I employ both the qualitative and quantitative research approaches to test a number of hypothesized relationships. I hypothesize that transition to democracy is negatively associated with economic development, militarism, U.S. foreign policy, the political economy of oil, and dependency. I contend that emerging civil society institutions so far have had no significant effect on democratization in the Arab World. Finally, I hypothesize that the level of democracy in the Arab World is influenced greatly by the issue of civil rights. In order to investigate the hypothesized relationships, the following data sets have been used: Gastil's Freedom House Data set, "Repression and Freedom in the 1980s" data set, and Vanhanen's 1990 data set. The findings of this study support the aforementioned hypothesized relationships. I find that Arab countries, in general have made modest progress toward democracy, making the Arab World part of the global revolution.

This study assumes that political terrorism results from conscious decision-making by groups opposing a governing system, policy or process. The kinds of terrorist activity employed depend upon such factors as the philosophy, goals, objectives, and needs of the terrorist group. This presents a comparative analysis of three types of terrorists in southwest Asia: Palestinians, Marxist-Leninists, and Muslims. The first section summarizes and compares the three groups' motivational causes, philosophies, histories and sources of inspiration. The second section compares their behavior from four perspectives: trends and patterns, level of violence, tactical preferences, and lethality. The third section identifies and categorizes socioeconomic, political and military variables associated with tactic selection and acts of terrorism.

The main objective of this research is to test some of the hypotheses linking economic development, social mobilization, legitimacy, and the coerciveness of the regime with internal political conflict. Each proposed hypothesis is to be tested across sixteen predominantly Islamic Middle Eastern nations for data from two time periods, 1960-66 and 1967-73. To check for the consistency and strength of the hypothesized relationships the test results for each hypothesis for the first period data will be compared with those of the second period.

This report discusses the political future of various countries in the Middle East-North Africa (MENA) region. A change in the leadership in these countries could significantly affect their policies toward the United States and their willingness to cooperate with the United States in achieving the stability needed to advance U.S. interests in this important region.

This booklet is the fourth chapter of a training course developed for Air Force Reserve personnel about the Cold War's impact on world affairs. This chapter focuses on Middle Eastern countries and their roles in the Cold War. This booklet includes background information, analysis, review questions, and a list of readings for further study.

This booklet is the fifth unit of a training course developed for Air Reserve personnel about the armed forces of non-communist countries. This unit discusses the Middle East and North Africa. It includes background information, review questions, and a list of readings for further study.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of five Arab gunmen holding four hostages abroad a Syrian aircrafts at Kuwait Airport have surrendered.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of five Arab gunmen who are holding four hostages abroad a Syrian aircrafts surrendered to authorities in Kuwait ending a four-day drama that stretched from Paris to the Middle East.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of the Palestinian guerillas who have left Paris aboard a Syrian airliner taking 6 male hostages with them.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of a Syrian jetliner which is carrying five Palestinian terrorists and their hostages from Paris landed at Kuwait on the Persian Gulf after the pilot has been refused landing permission at other Arab nations.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of five Palestinian terrorists who are holding 15 hostages in the Saudi Arabian Embassy in Paris have accepted an offer from the president of Syria to put a plane at their disposal.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of Israeli forces who gave up their positions along the Cairo Suez road in the first phase of their pullback on the Suez Front.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of the meeting of the Arab oil minister schedule in Tripoli, Libya has not been posted.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about king Faisal of Saudi Arabia has received a two-to-one vote in favor of continuing the oil embargo against the United States.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of two Arabian foreign minister who are on their way to Washington for talks with Secretary of State Kissinger.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of state secretary who is flying to Washington from Key Biscayne for meeting with two Arab foreign ministers.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about the foreign ministers of Egypt and Saudi Arabia who have arrived in Washington for talks with Secretary of State Henry Kissinger.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about the Israeli command which says that its troops on the west bank of the Suez canal are vacating Egypt's major eastern air base.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of two Arab foreign ministers who say that they have some good news for president Nixon about prospects for Syria's entry into the Middle East Peace talks.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of Israeli newspaper who carried front page stories reporting that State Secretary will arrive in Tel Avid to attempt to break the stalemate between Israel and Syria.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of a three-day summit meeting of Asia and African Islamic leaders which begins in Lahore, Pakistan.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of Kissinger who has left Washington for his latest round of Middle East talks.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story of Secretary of State Kissinger who flies from London to Damascus.

Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story about Henry Kissinger's Middle East shuttle which is back in business.