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Medicare: Beneficiary Cost-Sharing Under Proposed Prescription Drug Benefits (open access)

Medicare: Beneficiary Cost-Sharing Under Proposed Prescription Drug Benefits

This report provides background on how the cost-sharing and premium provisions under each bill would affect the amount that a beneficiary pays annually for prescription drugs. In addition, this report gives examples of how annual cost-sharing would differ for beneficiaries with various levels of total prescription drug spending in 2006 under the plans.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Peterson, Chris L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Pornography: Constitutional Principles and Federal Statutes (open access)

Child Pornography: Constitutional Principles and Federal Statutes

The Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996, P.L. 104-208, 110 Stat. 3009- 26, added a definition of “child pornography” that include visual depictions of what appears to be a minor engaging in explicit sexual conduct, even if no actual minor was used in producing the depiction. On April 16, 2002, in Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, the Supreme Court held this provision unconstitutional to the extent that it prohibited pictures that were not produced with actual minors. (This case is discussed under “Section 2256,” below.) In response to Ashcroft, bills were introduced in the House and Senate that would continue to ban some child pornography that was produced without an actual minor; on June 25, 2002, the House passed one such bill: H.R. 4623, 107th Congress.
Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment (open access)

Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution provides that “Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press. . . .” This language restricts government both more and less than it would if it were applied literally. It restricts government more in that it applies not only to Congress, but to all branches of the federal government, and to all branches of state and local government. It restricts government less in that it provides no protection to some types of speech and only limited protection to others. This report provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment — of the ways that the Supreme Court has interpreted the guarantee of freedom of speech and press to provide no protection or only limited protection for some types of speech.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Obscenity, Child Pornography, and Indecency: Recent Developments and Pending Issues (open access)

Obscenity, Child Pornography, and Indecency: Recent Developments and Pending Issues

None
Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers (open access)

Military Pay and Benefits: Key Questions and Answers

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Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues (open access)

POWs and MIAs: Status and Accounting Issues

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Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Goldich, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts (open access)

Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts

This report begins with a comprehensive presentation of current economic conditions focusing on income growth, unemployment, and inflation. The posture of monetary and fiscal policy is surveyed as are the forecasts of economic activity. It concludes with data on the factors important for economic growth.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Makinen, Gail & Vorce, Anne
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Monetary Policy: Current Policy and Conditions (open access)

Monetary Policy: Current Policy and Conditions

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Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Makinen, Gail & Vorce, Anne
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
527 Organizations: How the Differences in Tax and Election Laws Permit Certain Organizations to Engage in Issue Advocacy without Public Disclosure and Proposals for Change (open access)

527 Organizations: How the Differences in Tax and Election Laws Permit Certain Organizations to Engage in Issue Advocacy without Public Disclosure and Proposals for Change

This report compares the tax and election laws relating to political organizations and political committees in an attempt to highlight the differences between them, and discusses some of the proposals in the 106th Congress to require additional reporting by organizations engaging in political activities. This report does not address the taxation of other tax-exempt organizations making political expenditures taxable under IRC § 527. The report will be updated as new proposals are reported.
Date: June 26, 2000
Creator: Morris, Marie B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) (open access)

The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)

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Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: Gish, Melinda
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Strategic Petroleum Reserve (open access)

Strategic Petroleum Reserve

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Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress (open access)

Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress

The 108th Congress has acted on a variety of disparate environmental measures; some of these represent proposals or issues that had been under consideration in the 107th Congress and earlier. Environmental issues considered by Congress tend to fall into several major categories: (1) funding issues — whether funding levels are adequate and focused on appropriate priorities; (2) expanding, renewing, or refocusing specific environment programs; (3) environmental issues that are important “subsets” of other major areas of concern, such as energy, defense, or transportation programs; and more recently, (4) terrorism and infrastructure protection in areas such as wastewater and chemical facilities.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Fletcher, Susan R. & Isler, Margaret M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Sinister View of U.S. Policy: Origins, Implications and Options (open access)

China's Sinister View of U.S. Policy: Origins, Implications and Options

Chinese officials and opinion leaders claim that recent U.S. actions contrary to the interests of the People's Republic of China (PRC) have convinced the Beijing regime that the U.S. Government is determined to do what it can to weaken and hold back China's growing power. Dismissing evidence of often fractious debate over China policy in the United States, Beijing leaders are said to see a consensus among policymakers in the The United States that is directed at working against China's emerging strength and influence in world affairs. The U.S. specialists are unsure if Chinese leaders are misguided but sincere in their views, or if Chinese leaders are using anti-U.S. themes for tactical advantage in boosting their political standing at home, in seeking concessions from the United States, or as a defensive strategy to deflect criticism of Chinese actions seen by many international experts as bordering on irresponsible. Regardless of Chinese motives, some Americans urge that the United States make concessions and take steps to reassure Beijing of U.S. intentions and restore the wide range of U.S.-China contacts cut off as a result of U.S.-Chinese friction in recent weeks. Other Americans judge that U.S. interests would be better served by a …
Date: June 26, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Russia (open access)

Russia

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Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Goldman, Stuart D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iran: Current Developments and U.S. Policy (open access)

Iran: Current Developments and U.S. Policy

This report discusses the developments in Iranian foreign policy, including their assistance the U.S. in ousting Saddam Hussein, their involvement with terrorist organizations, the developments made with respect to weapons of mass destruction, and human rights concerns. It also details the Bush Administration's efforts to maintain the sanctions put in place by the Clinton Administration, as well as U.S. foreign policymakers division on which approach to take regarding Iran's political regime.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Haiti: Issues for Congress (open access)

Haiti: Issues for Congress

This report talk about the Issues for Congress on Haiti where congress continues to express concern about a number of developments in Haiti,especially its stalled democratic process and increased violence and human right violations.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Taft-Morales, Maureen
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Internships and Fellowships: Congressional, Federal, and Other Work Experience Opportunities (open access)

Internships and Fellowships: Congressional, Federal, and Other Work Experience Opportunities

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Date: June 26, 2001
Creator: Greenfield, Susan Watkins
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bosnian Muslim-Croat Federation: Key to Peace in Bosnia? (open access)

Bosnian Muslim-Croat Federation: Key to Peace in Bosnia?

The Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina was established in March 1994, with U.S. mediation. It aims to unite areas held by the largely Bosniak (Muslim) pre-war republic government with areas held by Croats. The Bosnian peace agreement, signed in Dayton in November 1995, recognized the Federation and the Bosnian Serb Republika Srpska as two largely autonomous entities within a weak, but sovereign Bosnia and Hercegovina union. Real political, economic and military integration of Bosniak and Croat-held areas has been slow to materialize. The United States has played a key role in setting up the Federation and in efforts to make it viable. The long term viability of the Federation is open to question, however, due to continued mistrust between the two sides and significant differences in their perceived interests.
Date: June 26, 1998
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nigeria in Political Transition (open access)

Nigeria in Political Transition

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Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Dagne, Theodore S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Program Protection Act of 2002 (H.R. 4070) (open access)

Social Security Program Protection Act of 2002 (H.R. 4070)

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Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Nuschler, Dawn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Estate Tax Legislation in the 108th Congress (open access)

Estate Tax Legislation in the 108th Congress

Under provisions of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (EGTRRA, P.L. 107-16, enacted June 7, 2001), the estate tax is scheduled to be repealed in 2010 but reinstated in 2011. All tax cut provisions of EGTRRA are scheduled to sunset on December 31, 2010. This report tracks actions in the 108th Congress to permanently repeal the estate tax or to retain but alter the tax.
Date: June 26, 2003
Creator: Noto, Nonna A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japanese and U.S. Industrial Associations: Their Roles in High-Technology Policymaking (open access)

Japanese and U.S. Industrial Associations: Their Roles in High-Technology Policymaking

In both Japan and in the United States, industrial associations play an important role in enhancing government understanding and interaction with industries and in easing cooperative efforts among firms. This report examines the role of industrial associations and related organizations in high-technology policymaking and in accelerating technological development.
Date: June 26, 1991
Creator: Nanto, Dick K. & McLoughlin, Glenn J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan: Prospects for Greater Market Openness (open access)

Japan: Prospects for Greater Market Openness

Japan has made considerable progress in opening its economy to imports, but significant obstacles remain. This report analyzes the underlying causes of Japan's market protection and assesses the prospects for Japan moving in the direction of greater market openness.
Date: June 26, 1989
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. International Trade: Data and Forecasts (open access)

U.S. International Trade: Data and Forecasts

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Date: June 26, 2002
Creator: Nanto, Dick K. & Lum, Thomas
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library