Results are reported of a study for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to provide a general understanding of pressure transient (water hammer) propagation in pressurized water reactor (PWR) steam generator feedwater piping systems. A typical feedwater network is defined, and pressure transient initiation is discussed, as well as the plausible pulse shapes reported. The analysis is performed by using the computer codes PTA and WHAM. Forces are calculated at elbows and valves by using momentum principles. The effects of pipe yielding, pipe wall friction, and elbow and value losses are included. Pipe yielding and elbow/valve effects are found to be important, and pressure magnitudes and forces are substantially reduced when these effects are included in the analysis. Typical pressure and force time histories are also given.

This fact sheet for distribution at the flash and flow test of HGP-A, July 22, 1976 contains a temperature-depth plot, a brief chronology, and a budget summary. (MHR)

Two approaches for calculating soil structure interaction (SSI) are compared: finite element and lumped mass. Results indicate that the calculations with the lumped mass method are generally conservative compared to those obtained by the finite element method. They also suggest that a closer agreement between the two sets of calculations is possible, depending on the use of frequency-dependent soil springs and dashpots in the lumped mass calculations. There is a total lack of suitable guidelines for implementing the lumped mass method of calculating SSI, which leads to the conclusion that the finite element method is generally superior for calculative purposes.

Lithium fluoride as received from the vendor in boule form is 38 x 38 x 13 mm thick. This block is cleaved to wafers of the desired thickness, x-ray-evaluated for ''d'' spacing and greatest intensity, bent to the required radius, and then acid-etched to remove foreign material. The diffraction and dispersion characteristics of a wafer are analyzed using well-collimated tungsten x rays that strike the crystal and are diffracted onto no-screen x-ray film. If the crystal is satisfactory, it is mounted in a spectrogoniometer and rotated through an x-ray beam while a detector is set at the optimized angle for the diffracted x rays. The average intensity across the length of the crystal is recorded by multichannel scaling. Any imperfections appear as peaks or dips compared to the average intensity. The crystal next goes to a 10-channel, filter-fluorescer x-ray unit that compares zero-order intensity to diffracted K..cap alpha.. and K..beta.. intensity. Counts for 100-s intervals are taken in groups of three and averaged. Correction factors for instrument geometry, air, pinhole diameter at zero order, K..cap alpha..-K..beta.., barometric pressure, temperature, etc., are added to the efficiency calculations to obtain the crystal efficiency (epsilon) vs keV data. The crystal is mounted in …

Error field multipoles due to systematic errors in the current distribution are computed and compared with the error field multipoles due to random errors in the current distribution. The systematic field error multipoles are found to vary rapidly across the aperture, and in some cases may be the dominant error multipoles.

Various leaching agents were tested to determine their capability for dissolving PuO/sub 2/, UO/sub 2/, and U/sub 3/O/sub 8/. The amount of radionuclides retained by the filter media was investigated. Adsorption isotherms for two leaching systems were obtained. A four-stage dissolution process was developed. 10 figures, 2 tables.

The cylindrically symmetric beam-foil collision produces excitation and alignment of atom and ion levels similar, but not identical, to that resulting at comparable energies from ion-atom or ion-molecule collisions. When the foil is tilted, the macroscopic change acts on the microscopic scale to produce coherent alignment and orientation of the excited levels. The maximum beam energy range bounding this interaction has not yet been defined. The dynamic interaction which produces these effects is currently not predicted by any theory, although the dynamics of the ions subsequent to the collision are well understood. Refinement of current experimental technique can be expected to better define the final foil surface. The beam-tilted-foil collision promises to be useful in the study of ionic structure via quantum beat, radio-frequency and level-crossing spectroscopy techniques, and may provide a useful probe for certain surface interactions. 4 figs, 48 refs.

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The work plan, schedule, and staffing plan to study the potential market for fuel cell total energy systems are outlined. (WHK)

Optimal linear interpolation between discrete observations in R/sup 2/ depends on the random function model assumed to generate the two-dimensional field. Sensitivity of the optimal solution to errors in specification of the model are studied. An illustration using second-order stationary models with a misspecified autocorrelation function is examined in detail. We also explore, by examples, the sensitivity procedure when more distant data points are omitted from the calculations. We have found that the optimal linear estimator is grossly insensitive to misspecifications of the autocorrelation function. However, if the misspecified autocorrelation function is used in the calculation of the squared interpolation error--then such error calculations may be grossly misleading.

Convex-curved crystals of lithium fluoride demonstrate good dispersion and efficiency when used in reflection for x-ray spectral analysis. The crystals are stable and reasonably unaffected by harsh environments. In addition, they are mechanically strong, easily cleavable or machinable, and plastically deformable with heat. In the present study, flat crystal wafers were left either clear as cleaved or were subjected to surface treatment by sandblasting or lapping. Some wafers were then bent in a press mold to obtain convex-curved crystals of differing radii. The diffraction efficiency data presented show how surface treatment affects the efficiency of these various crystals when used as x-ray diffracting agents.

Recently it has been proposed that heavy ion beams could be accelerated with sufficient power and focus to generate shock heating and create hot plasmas in targets of various materials. This preliminary study addresses two aspects of this process: first, the energy deposition by the primary beam, and second, the problem of energy deposition by secondary nuclear reaction particles. For the purpose of discussion it is assumed that beams of 600 MeV/amu uranium (143 GeV total) are focussed on various targets of thickness 1-10 mm. The energy deposition within such targets by the primary and secondary particles is studied.

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During FY76 Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) continued its development of niobium tin (Nb/sub 3/Sn) conductors and its design support for the mirror fusion test facility (MFTF) superconducting magnet. Three highlights came from within the Laboratory. LLL completed its cryogenic tensile-test apparatus for NB/sub 3/Sn strain measurements. Over at MFTF, engineers ordered 2100 m of prototype material for a 1-m test coil. People at the high-field test facility (HFTF) released some components for fabrication; delivery was scheduled for early FY77. Outside LLL several subcontractors advanced Nb/sub 3/Sn manufacturing technology. One advance, in particular, improved conductor current densities at 12 T.

The primary objective of the proposed research will be elucidation of the etiology and pathogenesis of bovine leukemia. We have consistently demonstrated C-type particles in mitogen stimulated lymphocyte cultures from leukemic cows and cows with a persistent lymphocytosis. These particles have been concentrated and partially purified by continuous flow, density gradient, ultracentrifugation. Newborn calves and late stage bovine fetuses have been inoculated with these concentrated cell free preparations. Our current study involves extensive monitoring of these inoculated animals to detect early pre-cancerous changes. The following parameters are being measured: the serological titer against a bovine leukemia associated antigen; the percentage of lymphocytes showing nuclear pockets; the percentage of mitogen stimulated lymphocytes with C-type particles adherent to their surface; the percentage of B-lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation; the complete blood count; and the quantity of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) production as determined by the syncytia induction assay. Additional proposals include: using the monitoring parameters to study animals with the juvenile and thymic forms of leukemia; the examination of adult lymphosarcoma cases to determine which tissues harbor BLV; and lymphocyte subpopulation work to further define which cell types are associated with BLV production and tumor formation.

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