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Hydrogen transport and storage in engineered glass microspheres (open access)

Hydrogen transport and storage in engineered glass microspheres

New, high-strength, hollow, glass microspheres filled with pressurized hydrogen exhibit storage densities which make them attractive for bulk hydrogen storage and transport. The hoop stress at failure of our engineered glass microspheres is about 150,000 psi, permitting a three-fold increase in pressure limit and storage capacity above commercial microspheres, which fail at wall stresses of 50,000 psi. For this project, microsphere material and structure will be optimized for storage capacity and charge/discharge kinetics to improve their commercial practicality. Microsphere production scale up will be performed, directed towards large-scale commercial use. Our analysis relating glass microspheres for hydrogen transport with infrastructure and economics` indicate that pressurized microspheres can be economically competitive with other forms of bulk rail and truck transport such as hydride beds, cryocarbons and pressurized tube transports. For microspheres made from advanced materials and processes, analysis will also be performed to identify the appropriate applications of the microspheres considering property variables, and different hydrogen infrastructure, end use, production and market scenarios. This report presents some of the recent modelling results for large beds of glass microspheres in hydrogen storage applications. It includes plans for experiments to identify the properties relevant to large-bed hydrogen transport and storage applications, of the …
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: Rambach, G. D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pennsylvania heating oil and propane price survey, 1993--1994 heating season. Final report (open access)

Pennsylvania heating oil and propane price survey, 1993--1994 heating season. Final report

The State Heating Oil and Propane Price (SHOPP) survey for the 1993--1994 heating season was conducted by the Pennsylvania Energy Office (PEO) in conjunction with the US Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (DOE/EIA). The objective of the program was to collect price information for residential No. 2 heating oil and propane. Prices were to be collected on the first and third Mondays of each month, starting on October 4, 1993, and extending through March 21, 1994. When the survey started on October 4, 1993, the average No. 2 charge price for residential customers was 85.0 cents per gallon. On January 31, the DOE requested that the survey be conducted on a weekly basis. An extended period of extremely cold weather had increased demand for petroleum products. The seasonal high of 94.7 cents was reached on February 14, 1994. The price average declined to 91.8 cents on March 21, at the conclusion of the survey. This was an increase of 8.0 percent for the season. The results of the October 4, 1993, price survey indicated an average unweighted price of 108.9 cents per gallon for a residential customer. The average price rose to 116.2 cents on March 21, for a …
Date: May 20, 1994
Creator: Fletcher, R. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design review plan for Multi-Function Waste Tank Facility (Project W-236A) (open access)

Design review plan for Multi-Function Waste Tank Facility (Project W-236A)

This plan describes how the Multi-Function Waste Tank Facility (MWTF) Project conducts reviews of design media; describes actions required by Project participants; and provides the methodology to ensure that the design is complete, meets the technical baseline of the Project, is operable and maintainable, and is constructable. Project W-236A is an integrated project wherein the relationship between the operating contractor and architect-engineer is somewhat different than that of a conventional project. Working together, Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC) and ICF Karser Hanford (ICF KH) have developed a relationship whereby ICF KH performs extensive design reviews and design verification. WHC actively participates in over-the-shoulder reviews during design development, performs a final review of the completed design, and conducts a formal design review of the Safety Class I, ASME boiler and Pressure Vessel Code items in accordance with WHC-CM-6-1, Standard Engineering Practices.
Date: December 20, 1994
Creator: Renfro, G. G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electric sales and revenue 1992, April 1994 (open access)

Electric sales and revenue 1992, April 1994

The Electric Sales and Revenue is prepared by the Survey Management Division, Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels; Energy Information Administration (EIA); US Department of Energy. This publication provides information about sales of electricity, its associated revenue, and the average revenue per kilowatthour sold to residential, commercial, industrial, and other consumers throughout the United States. The sales, revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour provided in the Electric Sales and Revenue are based on annual data reported by electric utilities for the calendar year ending December 31, 1992. The electric revenue reported by each electric utility includes the applicable revenue from kilowatthours sold; revenue from income; unemployment and other State and local taxes; energy, demand, and consumer service charges; environmental surcharges; franchise fees; fuel adjustments; and other miscellaneous charges. The revenue does not include taxes, such as sales and excise taxes, that are assessed on the consumer and collected through the utility. Average revenue per kilowatthour is defined as the cost per unit of electricity sold and is calculated by dividing retail sales into the associated electric revenue. The sales of electricity, associated revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour provided in this report are presented at the national, Census …
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Summary of safeguards interactions between Los Alamos and Chinese scientists (open access)

Summary of safeguards interactions between Los Alamos and Chinese scientists

Los Alamos has been collaborating since 1984 with scientists from the Chinese Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) to develop nuclear measurement instrumentation and safeguards systems technologies that will help China support implementation of the nonproliferation treaty (NPT). To date, four Chinese scientists have visited Los Alamos, for periods of six months to two years, where they have studied nondestructive assay instrumentation and learned about safeguards systems and inspection techniques that are used by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors. Part of this collaboration involves invitations from the CIAE to US personnel to visit China and interact with a larger number of Institute staff and to provide a series of presentations on safeguards to a wider audience. Typically, CIAE scientists, Beijing Institute of Nuclear Engineering (BINE) staff, and officials from the Government Safeguards Office attend the lectures. The BINE has an important role in developing the civilian nuclear power fuel cycle. BINE is designing a reprocessing plant for spent nuclear fuel from Chinese nuclear Power reactors. China signed the nonproliferation treaty in 1992 and is significantly expanding its safeguards expertise and activities. This paper describes the following: DOE support for US and Chinese interactions on safeguards; Chinese safeguards; impacts of US-China …
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: Eccleston, G. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Time-resolved probing of electron thermal transport in plasma produced by femtosecond laser pulses. Revision 1 (open access)

Time-resolved probing of electron thermal transport in plasma produced by femtosecond laser pulses. Revision 1

We present the first direct observation of a supersonic ionization front supported by electron thermal transport in a hot solid density plasma produced by 100fsec-laser-pulse irradiation of a transparent fused quartz target.
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: Vu, B. T. V.; Szoke, A.; Landen, O. L. & Lee, R. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Heat transfer studies of waste repository design. Progress report, [October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993] (open access)

Heat transfer studies of waste repository design. Progress report, [October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993]

A study of the phase change phenomena in porous media using Christiansen filters continues in order to determine the experimental conditions most favorable to the use of this method. A calibration setup has been finished. Determination of the wavelength corresponding to the equality of the refractive indices varies with temperature is going to be carried out later. The dispersion curves of the solid and liquid phases constituting a transparent saturated porous medium generally have different slopes. It is thus impossible to achieve the equality of the refractive indices for all wavelengths simultaneously. For a given temperature, the dispersion curves intersect at a point corresponding to a single wavelength. From our investigation, we have found that we need to change the liquid phase material, ethyl salicylate (HOC{sub 6}H{sub 4}COOC{sub 2}H{sub 5}), that we have proposed before. This is because the boiling point of ethyl salicylate is too high for our purposes (about 233{degrees}C). Therefore, it is not a suitable material to do the phase change study in the Christiansen filters. A suitable liquid phase organic chemical material for our research must fit the criteria given in this paper.
Date: January 20, 1994
Creator: Boehm, R. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Natural gas monthly, July 1994 (open access)

Natural gas monthly, July 1994

The Natural Gas Monthly (NGM) highlights activities, events, and analyses of interest to public and private sector organizations associated with the natural gas industry. Volume and price data are presented each month for natural gas production, distribution, consumption, and interstate pipeline activities. Producer-related activities and underground storage data are also reported. From time to time, the NGM features articles designed to assist readers in using and interpreting natural gas information.
Date: July 20, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Engineering evaluation and thermal analysis of the W79 diaphragm seal weld (open access)

Engineering evaluation and thermal analysis of the W79 diaphragm seal weld

Five diaphragm seal specimens for the W79 retrofit program were welded and burst tested to meet requirements for the Engineering Evaluation (EE). The average burst pressure for these five diaphragm specimens was 11500 psi. All failures greatly exceeded the drawing requirements placed upon the system. After burst testing the specimens, the authors performed scanning electron microscopy on all five specimens to ensure ductile failure and cross-sectioned two specimens to characterize the weld morphology. The metallographic analysis showed these parts to be typical of high quality thin-section weldments. Analysis of heat flow during welding also has been included in this report. Thermal profiles easily meet those required by assembly specifications. Maximum temperatures achieved during welding were 520{degrees}C in the diaphragm area and 80{degrees}C on the bottom of the block.
Date: May 20, 1994
Creator: Kautz, D. D.; Ramos, T. J. & Murchie, J. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Texas Attorney General Opinion: DM-285 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: DM-285

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: What court is the proper forum for prosecutions brought under House Bill 1084, Acts 1993, 73d Leg., ch. 88, at 175-76 (RQ-629)
Date: January 20, 1994
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-038 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-038

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification: Whether Tarrant County criminal district court bailiffs must be licensed by the Texas Commission on Law Enforcement Officer Standards and Education, whether the bailiffs may carry firearms, and related questions.
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-049 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-049

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a municipality lying within the territory of a municipal utility district is authorized to require the district to obtain its permission before commencing construction or maintenance work within the area of both entities (ID# 23394)
Date: May 20, 1994
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-050 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-050

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether a commissioners court is authorized to require a county purchasing agent to make purchases by and for a county-wide hospital district (RQ-506)
Date: May 20, 1994
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-058 (open access)

Texas Attorney General Opinion: LO94-058

Letter opinion issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Dan Morales, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Authority of municipal police to enforce truancy laws, and related questions (ID# 24829)
Date: July 20, 1994
Creator: Texas. Attorney-General's Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - February 20, 1994, Part 1] (open access)

[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - February 20, 1994, Part 1]

Handwritten minutes from the February 20, 1994 meeting of the San Antonio chapter of The Links, Inc. Discusses the chapter's correspondence, committee reports, regional and national conferences, scholarships, and other business. These minutes are the first of two parts recorded at this meeting.
Date: February 20, 1994
Creator: Links, Inc. San Antonio Chapter.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - February 20, 1994, Part 2] (open access)

[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - February 20, 1994, Part 2]

Minutes from the February 20, 1994 meeting of the San Antonio chapter of The Links, Inc. Discusses the chapter's correspondence, committee reports, changes to the constitution and bylaws, new members, and other business. These minutes are the second of two parts recorded at this meeting.
Date: February 20, 1994
Creator: Links, Inc. San Antonio Chapter.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Agenda for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - March 20, 1994] (open access)

[Agenda for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - March 20, 1994]

Agenda for the March 20, 1994 meeting of the San Antonio chapter of The Links, Inc. Items for discussion include the chapter's correspondence, treasury reports, committee reports, and current business. Includes handwritten notes.
Date: March 20, 1994
Creator: Links, Inc. San Antonio Chapter.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - November 20, 1994] (open access)

[Minutes for the San Antonio Chapter of the Links, Inc. Meeting - November 20, 1994]

Minutes from the November 20, 1994 meeting of the San Antonio chapter of The Links, Inc. Discusses the chapter's correspondence, finances, committee activities, and other business.
Date: November 20, 1994
Creator: Links, Inc. San Antonio Chapter.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
B-physics at RHIC: An opportunity (open access)

B-physics at RHIC: An opportunity

B physics provides a unique window for investigation and confirmation of our picture of CP violation, as well as an opportunity to explore physics beyond the Standard Model. Because of this richness of physics, programs for the study of the B sector are in progress or under development at most of the major facilities for high energy physics in the world. In this note we suggest that a B program at the RHIC facility at BNL could provide timely and complementary information to our understanding of physics within and beyond the Standard Model.
Date: April 20, 1994
Creator: Atiya, M. S.; White, S. & Marx, M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen production by gasification of municipal solid waste (open access)

Hydrogen production by gasification of municipal solid waste

As fossil fuel reserves run lower and lower, and as their continued widespread use leads toward numerous environmental problems, the need for clean and sustainable energy alternatives becomes ever clearer. Hydrogen fuel holds promise as such as energy source, as it burns cleanly and can be extracted from a number of renewable materials such as municipal solid waste (MSW), which can be considered largely renewable because of its high content of paper and biomass-derived products. A computer model is being developed using ASPEN Plus flow sheeting software to simulate a process which produces hydrogen gas from MSW; the model will later be used in studying the economics of this process and is based on an actual Texaco coal gasification plant design. This paper gives an overview of the complete MSW gasification process, and describes in detail the way in which MSW is modeled by the computer as a process material. In addition, details of the gasifier unit model are described; in this unit modified MSW reacts under pressure with oxygen and steam to form a mixture of gases which include hydrogen.
Date: May 20, 1994
Creator: Rogers, R. III
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The variable wall mining machine. Third quarterly technical report, April 1, 1994--June 30, 1994 (open access)

The variable wall mining machine. Third quarterly technical report, April 1, 1994--June 30, 1994

This is the Third Technical Report to develop the Variable Wall Mining Machine(VWM), a patented mining system that has the potential of greatly improving the underground mining of coal and other flat-lying mineral beds by providing a greater safety for workers, a healthier human environment, and a higher productivity. One of the thrusts of this project is to analyze the adaptation of the VWM system to a dual duct ventilation system which separates the air for human breathing from the air which becomes contaminated from dust and dangerous gases. In conventional practice there is one zone in an underground working section where workers breathe the air used to carry away gases and dust. A proposed dual duct system divides the single zone into two zones: one for cutting and fragmentation and one for worker occupancy. It is both technically and economically impossible to ventilate longwall face with the conventional method when methane emission rate is higher than 1,500 cfM. The only available option to the methane problem is to pre-drain the methane before mining so the methane emission rate will be lower later during longwall mining. But it is questionable that enough methane can be predrained to significantly erase the …
Date: August 20, 1994
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Project B610 process control configuration acceptance test procedure (open access)

Project B610 process control configuration acceptance test procedure

The purpose of this test is to verify the Westinghouse configuration of the MICON A/S Distributed Control System for project B610. The following will be verified: proper assignment and operation of all field inputs to and outputs from the MICON Termination panels; proper operation of all display data on the operator`s console; proper operation of all required alarms; and proper operation of all required interlocks. The MICON A/S control system is configured to replace all the control, indication, and alarm panels now located in the Power Control Room. Nine systems are covered by this control configuration, 2736-ZB HVAC, 234-5Z HVAC, Process Vacuum, Dry Air, 291-Z Closed Loop Cooling, Building Accelerometer, Evacuation Siren, Stack CAMs, and Fire. The 2736-ZB HVAC system consists of the ventilation controls for 2736-ZB and 2736-Z as well as alarms for the emergency generators and 232-Z. The 234-5Z HVAC system is the ventilation controls for 235-5Z and 236-Z buildings. Process Vacuum covers the controls for the 26 inch vacuum system. Dry Air covers the controls for the steam and electric air dryers. The 291-Z Closed Loop Cooling system consists of the status indications and alarms for the 291-Z compressor and vacuum pump closed loop cooling system. The …
Date: September 20, 1994
Creator: Silvan, G. R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Low Latency Remote Memory Access on the Intel Paragon (open access)

Low Latency Remote Memory Access on the Intel Paragon

We describe a cooperative project between Pacific Northwest Laboratory and Intel on providing low latency communications on the Intel Paragon. Our interest is in developing modules that are tailored to specific types of communication and are optimized for these cases. The modules described are implemented as simple extensions to the Paragon operating system. The first extension supports remote reads, writes, and accumulates on subsections of matrices. This module is intended to be used where the communication pattern is not known until run time. The second extension is designed to support low latency communication for short messages in a pipelined fashion. Finally, an interface for doing highly structured communication where the patterns of communication are well understood ahead of time is described. This is intended to be used in global communications such as global reduction.
Date: June 20, 1994
Creator: Rosing, M. & Pierce, P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
CSAR 81-001 addendum 2: Use of a plexiglass contamination barrier in HC-227-T (open access)

CSAR 81-001 addendum 2: Use of a plexiglass contamination barrier in HC-227-T

Plutonium Finish Plant (PFP) Engineering requested a criticality safety evaluation (Appendix 1) to support a revision of Criticality Prevention Specification CPS-Z-165-80601 allowing a plexiglass enclosure (PGE) to be placed inside the HC-227T hood as a contamination barrier. The HC-227T hood is the receiving/transfer enclosure for Pu nitrate solution contained in Product Removal containers (PR Cans), L10 Containers (L10, Fl-10, 10 L) or L-3 Containers. Within the HC-227T, a 1.349 square meter (15 square foot) enclosure, PGE, has been created to provide contamination control around the weighing scale. Two or more standard criticality drains shall be installed on this enclosure prior to beneficial usage. The evaluation considered the normal process, spillage scenarios, waste/container accumulations within the enclosure, and interactions of Pu within the enclosure as well as other containers external to the enclosure. The results from the criticality safety analysis by CRA shows that such as contamination barrier can be placed inside the HC-227T Hood if the PGE is equipped with adequate criticality drains. In addition, other limits as well as administrative controls listed in CPS-Z-165-80601 Rev./Mod. B/0 and CPS-Z-165-80010 Rev./Mod. C/1 shall also apply.
Date: September 20, 1994
Creator: Chiao, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library