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Computed and experimental interactions between eddy structure and dispersed particles in developing free shear layers
We are investigating the interactive process between turbulent flow and dispersed phase particles. We are focusing on the mechanisms that appear to result in a reduction of local turbulent intensity and a corresponding reduction in wall heat transfer and subsequent wall erosion in turbulent solid propellant combustion flow. We apply computational simulations and physical experiments specialized to a developing free shear layer over a rearward facing step and over a parallel splitter plate. The flow configuration evolves in a two-dimensional, steady, combustion and non-combustion turbulent free shear mixing region, with and without particle additives. The computational simulations combine three basic components: gas phase Navier-Stokes solutions, Lagrange particle field solutions and a Monte Carlo technique for the random encounters, forces and accelerations between the two fields. We concentrate here on relatively large sized additive particles (of the order of tens of microns to 100 microns mean diameter). We examine their apparent influence in breaking up the larger, energy bearing eddy structures into smaller structures which are more readily dissipated.
Date:
May 20, 1982
Creator:
Buckingham, A. C.; Siekhaus, W. J.; Keller, J. O.; Ellzey, J.; Hubbard, G. & Daily, J. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Leaching study of PNL 76-68 glass beads using the LLNL continuous-flow method and the PNL-modified IAEA method. Final report
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has conducted a long-term single-pass continuous-flow (SPCF) leaching test of the glass waste form PNL 76-68. Leaching rates of Np, Pu, and various stable elements were measured at 25/sup 0/ and 75/sup 0/C with three different solutions and three different flow rates. The purposes of the study were: (1) to compare SPCF leaching results with the results of a modified IAEA leach test performed by Pacific Northwest Laboratories (PNL); (2) to establish elemental leach rates and their variation with temperature, flow rate and solution composition; and (3) to gain insight into the leaching mechanisms. The LLNL and PNL leach tests yielded results which appear to agree within experimental uncertainties. The magnitude of the leach rates determined for Np and the glass matrix elements is 10/sup -5/ grams of glass/cm/sup 2/ geometric solid surface area/day. The rates increase with temperature and with solution flow rate, and are similar in brine and distilled water but higher in a bicarbonate solution. Other cations exhibit somewhat different behavior, and Pu in particular yields a much lower apparent leach rate, probably because of sorption or precipitation effects after release from the glass matrix. After the initial few days, most elements …
Date:
August 20, 1982
Creator:
Buddemeier, R. W.; Coles, D. G.; Mensing, R. W.; Rego, J. & Weed, H. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fusion breeder
The fusion breeder is a fusion reactor designed with special blankets to maximize the transmutation by 14 MeV neutrons of uranium-238 to plutonium or thorium to uranium-233 for use as a fuel for fission reactors. Breeding fissile fuels has not been a goal of the US fusion energy program. This paper suggests it is time for a policy change to make the fusion breeder a goal of the US fusion program and the US nuclear energy program. The purpose of this paper is to suggest this policy change be made and tell why it should be made, and to outline specific research and development goals so that the fusion breeder will be developed in time to meet fissile fuel needs.
Date:
April 20, 1982
Creator:
Moir, Ralph W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Review of single transient oscillographic recorders with gigahertz bandwidth
In laser driven inertial confinement fusion research, at Livermore, we are diagnosing many phenomena that occur in a time frame that exceeds the capabilities of even the most advanced, present day oscillographic recording instruments. Many of the by-products of the interaction between the laser beam and fuel pellet are monitored to determine the specifics of the fusion process. By the use of appropriate detectors, we convert the information contained in the radiated by-products to electrical signals which are recorded on high bandwidth oscillographic recorders. Our present range of recording capabilities for one x-ray diagnostic measurement in use at Livermore is shown. A commonly used configuration consists of an XRD-31 x-ray detector connected to a direct access Tektronix R7912 transient digitizer using 1/2 in. diameter air dielectric coaxial cable. This configuration gives a system fwhm of approximately 335 ps. Our premier configuration, on the other hand, consists of an improved response detector and a French Thomson-CSF TSN-660 oscilloscope with a shorter length of coaxial cable (typically 20 feet). The system fwhm in this case is less than 120 ps which is our fastest oscillographic recording system at the present time.
Date:
October 20, 1982
Creator:
Campbell, D.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Site 300 hazardous-waste-assessment project. Interim report: December 1981. Preliminary site reconnaissance and project work plan
This document was prepared to outline the scope and objectives of the Hazardous Waste Assessment Project (HWAP) at Site 300. This project was initiated in October, 1981, to investigate the existing solid waste landfills in an effort to satisfy regulatory guidelines and assess the potential for ground-water contamination. This involves a site-specific investigation (utilizing geology, hydrology, geophysics and geochemistry) with the goal of developing an effective ground-water quality monitoring network. Initial site reconnaissance work has begun and we report the results, to date, of our geologic hydrogeologic studies. All known solid waste disposal locations are underlain by rocks of either the Late Miocene Neroly Formation or the Cierbo Formation, both of which are dominantly sandstones interbedded with shale and claystone. The existence of a regional confined (artesian) aquifer, as well as a regional water-table aquifer is postulated for Site 300. Preliminary analysis has led to an understanding of directions and depths of regional ground-water flow.
Date:
January 20, 1982
Creator:
Raber, E.; Helm, D.; Carpenter, D.; Peifer, D. & Sweeney, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of the initial ETA gas propagation experiments with theoretical models
This report contains a description of the initial ETA propagation experiments in air at a beam current of 4.5 kA. The beam was observed to propagate at the pressures anticipated on the basis of previous theory and experiment. A comparison of measured net current waveforms with predictions of the PHOENIX code showed good agreement over the pressure range 0.1 to 200 torr. However, the beam was observed to expand with Z at a faster rate than theory predicts. Excessive transverse beam modulation at injection complicated the experiments and limited their comparison with theory.
Date:
April 20, 1982
Creator:
Chambers, F. W.; Clark, J. C. & Fessenden, T. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Liquid-Phase Methanol Process Development Unit: Installation, Operation, and Support Studies. Technical Progress Report No. 1, 28 September 1981-31 December 1981
During this period the Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary was established. Task 1 was completed with submittal of the Project Work Plan and the Quality Assurance Manual. CSI produced basic process design information and a preliminary flowsheet for the LaPorte LPMeOH PDU. APCI developed the flowsheet further and set up the process on APCI's process simulator. The flowsheet development revealed a number of major changes necessary in the existing LPM pilot plant; this has led to pursuit of a unified design concept. Approval was requested for the unified design concept as well as advanced schedule for relocation of the LPM unit and advanced procurement of long delivery equipment items. A number of preliminary heat and material balances were calculated for the LPMeOH PDU and preliminary process specifications were prepared for the equipment items. The final design basis was established. The design pressure was set at 1000 psig. Eight design operating cases were defined for the following range of reactor operating conditions: Pressure - 500 to 900 psig, Temperature - 220 to 270/sup 0/C, Liquid-Fluidized Space Velocity - 1000 to 4000 l/hr-kg catalyst, Liquid-Entrained Space Velocity - 2000 to 10,000 l/hr-kg catalyst, and Liquid-Entrained Catalyst Loading - 0.1 to 0.4 kg catalyst/l …
Date:
January 20, 1982
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Estimating the Cerenkov neutron sensitivity of Suprasil (SiO/sub 2/) and Lucite (C/sub 5/H/sub 8/O/sub 2/)
Fast neutrons hitting a sample of suprasil will produce light. This light is Cerenkov light produced by high energy (> .2 MeV) electrons traversing the transparent medium. Neutrons produce these electrons in a two step process. First, the neutrons inelastically scatter with either the silicon (Si) or the oxygen (O) atoms producing inelastic gamma rays. Some of these gammas, in turn, will also react producing, primarily, Compton electrons with some pair production electrons possible. The majority of these Compton electrons will have enough energy to induce Cerenkov light production. For intermediate energy neutrons (2 to 20 MeV), this process is efficient enough to produce a relatively simple neutron detector with some desirable properties. Estimations of the Cherenkov/neutron sensitivities of suprasil and lucite are presented. (WHK)
Date:
April 20, 1982
Creator:
Clark, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiation damping of betatron oscillations
The emission of synchrotron radiation damps the incoherent betatron oscillations of a pinched beam, causing its radius to shrink. However, the rate of shrinkage is small compared with the rate of expansion caused by scattering for typical propagation parameters.
Date:
April 20, 1982
Creator:
Lee, Edward P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Panola Panorama (Carthage, Tex.), Vol. 33, No. 1, Ed. 1 Monday, September 20, 1982
Semimonthly student newspaper from Panola Junior College in Carthage, Texas that includes news of interest to the Panola Junior College community along with advertising.
Date:
September 20, 1982
Creator:
Kaun, Paul
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Tulia Herald (Tulia, Tex.), Vol. 74, No. 20, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 20, 1982
Weekly newspaper from Tulia, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
May 20, 1982
Creator:
Tooley, Wendell
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
SIMS and ESCA studies of possible sodium uranate precursors as related to aerosol characterization from a simulated HCDA. [LMFBR]
During the main thrust of the HCDA studies, it was found that sodium uranates, especially Na/sub 3/UO/sub 4/, were formed when the Na-U-O system was subjected to high temperatures approximating those of the HCDA. Mechanisms through which these rather complicated compounds are formed remain unknown. The purpose of these SIMS and ESCA studies was to detect the formation of any precursor ion species to the sodium uranates. The ESCA results agree with theory and support the presence of U/sub 2/O/sub 7/ /sup 2 -/ in Na/sub 2/U/sub 2/O/sub 7/; however, SIMS analyses show no evidence of possible uranate precursor formation in an Ar/sup +/ sputtered ion beam.
Date:
September 20, 1982
Creator:
Zanotelli, W. A. Jr.; Miller, G. D. & Craven, S. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shutdown system for a nuclear reactor
An ultimate shutdown system is provided for termination of neutronic activity in a nuclear reactor. The shutdown system includes bead chains comprising spherical containers suspended on a flexible cable. The containers are comprised of mating hemispherical shells which provide a ruggedized enclosure for reactor poison material. The bead chains, normally suspended above the reactor core on storage spools, are released for downward travel upon command from an external reactor monitor. The chains are capable of horizontal movement, so as to flow around obstructions in the reactor during their downward motion.
Date:
January 20, 1982
Creator:
Groh, E.F.; Olson, A.P.; Wade, D.C. & Robinson, B.W.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of Kevlar 49 fibers by electron paramagnetic resonance. Final report, 20 May 1981-20 June 1982. [Radicals induced by ultraviolet or fracture]
EPR was used to investigate the free radicals created in Kevlar 49 fibers by stress-induced and photo-induced macromolecular chain scissions. Mn/sup +2/ ions were identified from the EPR spectrum of frozen solutions of concentrated sulfuric acid containing Kevlar 49. Other ions present are Cu/sup +2/, and possibly Fe/sup +3/, Cr/sup +3/, and Ti/sup +3/. EPR lineshape anisotropy indicates that some of the metal ions and first coordinate spheres are oriented. The concentration of stress-induced radicals (2 x 10/sup 10/ per filament) suggest that chain scission occurs in more weak planes than are estimated to exist in the fracture surfaces of the fiber core. These radicals are unstable in air and have some aromatic character. Several different types of radicals were obtained following uv irradiations of the Kevlar 49 fibers in vacuum (photodegradative radicals) and in air (photo-oxidative radicals). The photodegradative radicals are identified with primary radicals involved in the photo-Fries rearrangement reaction, secondary radicals formed as a result of a hydrogen atom abstraction by the primary radical, and/or ketyl radicals produced as a result of uv irradiation of the photo-Fries rearrangement product. The photo-oxidative radicals are identified with the uv irradiation products of a peroxide intermediate. Lineshape anisotropy indicates that …
Date:
June 20, 1982
Creator:
Brown, I.M. & Sandreczki, T.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Continuous cryopump for steady-state Mirror Fusion Reactors
The characteristics of Mirror Fusion Reactors, i.e., steady state operation, a low neutral gas density and a large gas throughput require unique vacuum pumping capabilities. One approach that appears to meet these requirements is a liquid helium cooled cryopump system in which a fixed portion can be isolated and degassed while the remainder continues to pump. The time to degas a rotating, fixed portion of the pumping area and the ratio of that area to the total area fixes the gas inventory in the chamber. It follows that the active pump area maintains the required neutral gas density and the time averaged degassing rate equals the gas throughput. We have built such a cryopump whereby the gas condensed (deuterium) on the liquid helium cooled panel can be transferred to a collector pump and subsequently to an exterior mechanical pump and exhausted. At panel loadings as high as .55 torr-litres/cm/sup 2/ the gas leakage during degassing is less than 8% and the degassing time is less than 10 minutes. Scaling to reactor size appears to be feasible.
Date:
September 20, 1982
Creator:
Batzer, T. H. & Call, W. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: SMU]
B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
October 20, 1982, 6:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: City park fire]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
April 20, 1982, 5:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Letter]
B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
March 20, 1982, 5:30 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Nutrition]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
May 20, 1982, 5:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Nuke drill]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
April 20, 1982, 5:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Creationist march]
B-roll video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
March 20, 1982, 5:30 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Unemployment]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
September 20, 1982, 6:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: Continental]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
October 20, 1982, 5:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[News Clip: April checks]
Video footage from the KXAS-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, to accompany a news story.
Date:
May 20, 1982, 6:00 p.m.
Creator:
KXAS-TV (Television station : Fort Worth, Tex.)
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library