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Electricity: The Road Toward Restructuring (open access)

Electricity: The Road Toward Restructuring

The Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA) and the Federal Power Act (FPA) were enacted to eliminate unfair practices and other abuses by electricity and gas holding companies by requiring federal control and regulation of interstate public utility holding companies. Comprehensive energy legislation has passed the House and Senate. The House passed H.R. 6 on April 11, 2003. On July 31, 2003, the Senate suspended debate on S. 14, inserted the text of H.R. 4 (107th Congress) as a substitute, and passed H.R. 6. A conference agreement was reached November 17, 2003, and passed by the House the next day. H.R. 6 includes an electricity title that would, in part, repeal PUHCA, would prospectively repeal the mandatory purchase requirement under PURPA, and would create an electric reliability organization. On June 15, 2004, H.R. 4503, a comprehensive energy policy bill, passed the House.
Date: May 2, 2003
Creator: Abel, Amy & Parker, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Tax Policy (open access)

Energy Tax Policy

Omnibus energy legislation (H.R. 4) that is now in conference would expand energy tax incentives significantly. The House passed the bill on August 2, 2001, and the Senate approved its version April 25, 2002. Several energy tax issues are addressed in these bills: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas, and the demand for coal; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) selected issues relating to electricity restructuring; and 5) expiring energy tax provisions.
Date: January 2, 2003
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Tax Policy (open access)

Energy Tax Policy

President Bush has issued a comprehensive energy policy initiative, which includes limited energy tax measures; the Administration has criticized such measures as being inconsistent with its free market philosophy. Several of the issues that drove energy policy and energy tax policy during the 106th Congress are extant: 1) tax incentives to increase the supply of oil and gas; 2) energy tax issues relating to energy conservation and energy efficiency; 3) energy tax issues relating to alternative fuels; 4) energy taxes/subsidies and residential energy costs; and 5) issues relating to electricity restructuring. In addition, there are certain energy tax provisions that are either expiring or are time-sensitive that the 107th Congress may choose to take action on.
Date: June 2, 2003
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards (open access)

Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards

One of the least controversial provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-163) established corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for new passenger cars. This report presents a brief background and analysis regarding the price of crude oil that brought into sharp focus the fuel inefficiency of U.S. automobiles. The report also discusses the previous issues and the most recent developments regarding CAFE.
Date: December 2, 2002
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards (open access)

Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards

One of the least controversial provisions of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-163) established corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for new passenger cars. This report presents a brief background and analysis regarding the price of crude oil that brought into sharp focus the fuel inefficiency of U.S. automobiles. The report also discusses the previous issues and the most recent developments regarding CAFE.
Date: April 2, 2003
Creator: Bamberger, Robert L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues (open access)

Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues

This report provides background concerning various aspects of fuel ethanol, and a discussion of the current related policy issues
Date: July 2, 2002
Creator: Yacobucci, Brent D. & Womach, Jasper
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Power Plants: Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack (open access)

Nuclear Power Plants: Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack

None
Date: May 2, 2003
Creator: Behrens, Carl E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Risk Analysis and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Environmental Regulations (open access)

Risk Analysis and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Environmental Regulations

Concerns about the national economy, environment, public health, and the quality of EPA's regulatory process have led Congress to consider proposals to require EPA analyses of risks, costs, and benefits of proposed regulations. Proponents of analysis want the results used to design more efficient regulations and to prioritize environmental problems for Federal attention. Risk analysis summarizes available scientific information about hazardous activities, chemicals, or technologies and the effects they may have on exposed animals or people under various conditions, for example, with or without regulation. Risk and economic analyses can be qualitative or, if information is sufficient, quantitative, but economists can only quantify economic benefits of enviromental regulations if scientists can quantitatively estimate risks to health and the environment.
Date: December 2, 1994
Creator: Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues in the 107th Congress (open access)

Clean Air Act Issues in the 107th Congress

Revisions to the air quality standards for ozone and particulates, promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1997, may also command renewed attention in the 107th Congress. The standards were challenged in the courts, and implementation is currently in limbo, pending resolution of appeals to the Supreme Court. The Court heard oral arguments November 7, 2000, and a decision is expected in spring 2001. The decision is likely to stimulate congressional oversight, and perhaps legislation.
Date: January 2, 2001
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues in the 107th Congress (open access)

Clean Air Act Issues in the 107th Congress

In the 107th Congress, the most prominent air quality issue has been whether state and federal regulations designed to protect air quality are having a negative impact on energy production, and, if so, whether legislation should be enacted to reform such regulations. The early discussion focused primarily on California, but with the release of the Administration’s energy policy recommendations in May 2001 and subsequent congressional action, attention shifted to issues more national in scope.
Date: June 2, 2002
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues in the 108th Congress (open access)

Clean Air Act Issues in the 108th Congress

Clean air issues were discussed at length in the 107th Congress, but legislation was not enacted, leaving the same issues for possible consideration in the 108th. The most prominent air quality issues discussed in this report are; the controversy over EPA’s proposed changes to the New Source Review (NSR) requirements, Clear Skies / Multi-Pollutant Legislation, gasoline additive MTBE, Conformity of Transportation Plans and SIPs Deadlines for Achieving the Ozone Air Quality Standard.
Date: June 2, 2003
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Water Act Issues in the 108th Congress (open access)

Clean Water Act Issues in the 108th Congress

In this report several other Clean Water Act issues are likely to receive congressional attention, through oversight hearings and possibly in legislative proposals. Among the topics of interest is whether and how the Administration will revise the current program for restoration of pollution-impaired waters (the Total Maximum Daily Load, or TMDL program), in view of controversy over regulatory changes made during the Clinton Administration and continuing disagreement among states, cities, industry, and environmental advocates about program effectiveness and efficiency.
Date: October 2, 2003
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress (open access)

Environmental Protection Issues in the 108th Congress

The 108th Congress has acted on a variety of disparate environmental measures; some of these represent proposals or issues that had been under consideration in the 107th Congress and earlier. Environmental issues considered by Congress tend to fall into several major categories: (1) funding issues — whether funding levels are adequate and focused on appropriate priorities; (2) expanding, renewing, or refocusing specific environment programs; (3) environmental issues that are important “subsets” of other major areas of concern, such as energy, defense, or transportation programs; and more recently, (4) terrorism and infrastructure protection in areas such as wastewater and chemical facilities.
Date: April 2, 2003
Creator: Fletcher, Susan R. & Isler, Margaret M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Role of Risk Analysis and Risk Management in Environmental Protection (open access)

The Role of Risk Analysis and Risk Management in Environmental Protection

None
Date: October 2, 2002
Creator: Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Clean Air Act Issues (open access)

Clean Air Act Issues

The 104th Congress enacted four bills modifying provisions of the Clean Air Act (CAA) and held numerous oversight hearings, as EPA and the states continued to implement requirements of the Act's 1990 Amendments. The Amendments set deadlines for issuance of new regulations and attainment of air quality standards.
Date: December 2, 1996
Creator: McCarthy, James E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
State Department and Related Agencies: FY2002 Appropriations (open access)

State Department and Related Agencies: FY2002 Appropriations

None
Date: November 2, 2001
Creator: Epstein, Susan B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY2003: Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education (open access)

Appropriations for FY2003: Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education

Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, consolidated, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Subcommittees.
Date: August 2, 2002
Creator: Irwin, Paul M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY2004: Interior and Related Agencies (open access)

Appropriations for FY2004: Interior and Related Agencies

Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This Report is a guide to one of the 13 regular appropriations bills that Congress passes each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Interior Appropriations Subcommittees.
Date: June 2, 2003
Creator: Hardy-Vincent, Carol & Boren, Susan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S.: Japan as Number One (open access)

Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S.: Japan as Number One

Japan emerged as the largest foreign direct investor in the U.S. economy in 1992, despite a sharp drop in the total value and number of U.S. businesses acquired and established by foreign investors. This change in Japan's status was spurred by a slight increase in investment spending by Japanese investors combined with a decrease in the British investment position. The foreign direct investment position in U.S. businesses and real estate - or the accumulated book value of all foreign investments - increased by $5 billion in 1992, the smallest change in two decades. Economists generally believe that foreign direct investment yields positive net benefits to both the host and the investing countries. For some American firms, the foreign investment inflows have been especially beneficial because they supplied the firms with funds during times when many U.S. commercial banks were unwilling to finance them.
Date: August 2, 1993
Creator: Jackson, James K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mergers and Consolidation Between Banking and Financial Services Firms: Trends and Prospects (open access)

Mergers and Consolidation Between Banking and Financial Services Firms: Trends and Prospects

None
Date: July 2, 2002
Creator: Jackson, William D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Should Banking Powers Expand into Real Estate Brokerage and Management? (open access)

Should Banking Powers Expand into Real Estate Brokerage and Management?

None
Date: August 2, 2002
Creator: Jackson, William D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues (open access)

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: May 2, 2001
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues (open access)

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: August 2, 2002
Creator: Copson, Raymond W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: United Nations and Humanitarian Aid Organizations (open access)

Iraq: United Nations and Humanitarian Aid Organizations

None
Date: June 2, 2003
Creator: Coipuram, Thomas, Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library