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A 3-D model of superfluid helium suitable for numerical analysis
The two-fluid description is a very successful phenomenological representation of the properties of Helium II. A 3-D model suitable for numerical analysis based on the Landau-Khalatnikov description of Helium II is proposed. In this paper we introduce a system of partial differential equations that is both complete and consistent as well as practical, to be used for a 3-D solution of the flow of Helium II. The development of a 3-D numerical model for Helium II is motivated by the need to validate experimental results obtained by observing the normal component velocity distribution in a Helium II thermal counter-flow using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Darve, C.; U., /Fermilab /Northwestern; Patankar, N.A.; U., /Northwestern; Van Sciver, S.W. & Lab., /Natl. High Mag. Field
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2007 Annual Summary Report for the Area 3 and Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Sites at the Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada
This report summarizes the results of an annual review of conditions affecting the operation of the Area 3 and Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Sites (RWMSs) and a determination of the continuing adequacy of the performance assessments (PAs) and composite analyses (CAs). The Area 5 RWMS PA documentation consists of the original PA (Shott et al., 1998), referred to as the 1998 Area 5 RWMS PA and supporting addenda (Bechtel Nevada [BN], 2001b; 2006a). The Area 5 RWMS CA was issued as a single document (BN, 2001a) and has a single addendum (BN, 2001c). The Area 3 PA and CA were issued in a single document (Shott et al., 2000). The Maintenance Plan for the PAs and CAs (National Security Technologies, LLC [NSTec], 2006) and the Disposal Authorization Statements (DASs) for the Area 3 and 5 RWMSs (U.S. Department of Energy [DOE], 2000; 2002) require preparation of an annual summary and a determination of the continuing adequacy of the PAs and CAs. The annual summary report is submitted to DOE Headquarters. Following the annual report format in the DOE PA/CA Maintenance Guide (DOE, 1999), this report presents the annual summary for the PAs in Section 2.0 and the CAs in …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
National Security Technologies, LLC
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2007 Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms Gordon Research Conference-February 18-23
This conference focuses on kinetic, mechanistic, and thermodynamic studies of reactions that play a role in fields as diverse as catalysis, energy, bioinorganic chemistry, green chemistry, organometallics, and activation of small molecules (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, alkanes). Participants from universities, industry, and national laboratories present results and engage in discussions of pathways, intermediates, and outcome of various reactions of inorganic, organic, coordination, organometallic, and biological species. This knowledge is essential for rational development and design of novel reactions, compounds, and catalysts.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Gray, Andreja Bakac Nancy Ryan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Addressing a Nuclear Information Gap
This report talks about Addressing a nuclear information gap
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Sailor, William C
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Hydrogen Turbine Development
Siemens has developed a roadmap to achieve the DOE goals for efficiency, cost reduction, and emissions through innovative approaches and novel technologies which build upon worldwide IGCC operational experience, platform technology, and extensive experience in G-class operating conditions. In Phase 1, the technologies and concepts necessary to achieve the program goals were identified for the gas turbine components and supporting technology areas and testing plans were developed to mitigate identified risks. Multiple studies were conducted to evaluate the impact in plant performance of different gas turbine and plant technologies. 2015 gas turbine technologies showed a significant improvement in IGCC plant efficiency, however, a severe performance penalty was calculated for high carbon capture cases. Thermodynamic calculations showed that the DOE 2010 and 2015 efficiency targets can be met with a two step approach. A risk management process was instituted in Phase 1 to identify risk and develop mitigation plans. For the risks identified, testing and development programs are in place and the risks will be revisited periodically to determine if changes to the plan are necessary. A compressor performance prediction has shown that the design of the compressor for the engine can be achieved with additional stages added to the rear …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Fadok, Joesph
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 109, No. 182, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 1, 2008
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Analysis of X-Ray Spectra Emitted From the Venus ECR Ion Source
The Versatile Electron Cyclotron resonance ion source for Nuclear Science (VENUS), located at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab’s 88-inch cyclotron, extracts ion beams from a plasma created by ionizing a gas with energetic electrons. Liquid-helium cooled superconducting coils produce magnetic fi elds that confi ne the plasma and high microwave frequencies heat the electrons enough to allow for successive ionizations of the neutral gas atoms. The combination of strong plasma confi nement and high microwave frequencies results in VENUS’ production of record breaking ion beam currents and high charge state distributions. While in operation, VENUS produces signifi cant quantities of bremsstrahlung, in the form of x-rays, primarily through two processes: 1) electron-ion collisions within the plasma, and 2) electrons are lost from the plasma, collide with the plasma chamber wall, and radiate bremsstrahlung due to their sudden deceleration. The bremsstrahlung deposited into the plasma chamber wall is absorbed by the cold mass used to maintain superconductivity in the magnets and poses an additional heat load on the cryostat. In order for VENUS to reach its maximum operating potential of 10 kW of 28 GHz microwave heating frequency, the heat load posed by the emitted bremsstrahlung must be understood. In addition, studying …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Benitez, J. & Leitner, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An analysis on the mid-latitude scintillation and coherence frequency bandwidth using transionospheric VHF signals
An analysis was perfonned on the mid-latitude scintillation and coherence frequency bandwidth (Fcoh) using transionospheric VHF signal data. The data include 1062 events spanning from November 1997 to June 2002. Each event records FORTE satellite received VHF signals from LAPP located at Los Alamos, New Mexico. Fcohs were derived to study scintillation characteristics on diurnal and seasonal variations, as well as changes due to solar and geomagnetic activities. Comparisons to the VHFIUHF coherence frequency bandwidth studies previously reported at equatorial and mid-latitude regions are made using a 4th power frequency dependence relationship. Furthennore, a wideband ionospheric scintillation model, WBMOD, was used to estimate Fcohs and compared with our VHF Fcoh values. Our analysis indicates mid-latitude scintillation characteristics that are not previously revealed. At the VHF bottom frequency range (3035 MHz), distinguished smaller Fcohs are found in time period from sunset to midnight, in wann season from May to August, and in low solar activity years. The effects of geomagnetic storm activity on Fcoh are characterized by a sudden transition at a Kp index of 50-60. Comparisons with median Fcohs estimated from other studies validated our VHF Fcohs for daytime while an order of magnitude larger Fcohs are found for nighttime, …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Juang, Zhen & Roussel-dupre, Robert
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Anomalous yield reduction in direct-drive DT implosions due to 3He addition
Glass capsules were imploded in direct drive on the OMEGA laser [T. R. Boehly et aI., Opt. Commun. 133, 495, 1997] to look for anomalous degradation in deuterium/tritium (DT) yield (i.e., beyond what is predicted) and changes in reaction history with {sup 3}He addition. Such anomalies have previously been reported for D/{sup 3}He plasmas, but had not yet been investigated for DT/{sup 3}He. Anomalies such as these provide fertile ground for furthering our physics understanding of ICF implosions and capsule performance. A relatively short laser pulse (600 ps) was used to provide some degree of temporal separation between shock and compression yield components for analysis. Anomalous degradation in the compression component of yield was observed, consistent with the 'factor of two' degradation previously reported by MIT at a 50% {sup 3}He atom fraction in D{sub 2} using plastic capsules [Rygg et aI., Phys. Plasmas 13, 052702 (2006)]. However, clean calculations (i.e., no fuel-shell mixing) predict the shock component of yield quite well, contrary to the result reported by MIT, but consistent with LANL results in D{sub 2}/{sup 3}He [Wilson, et aI., lml Phys: Conf Series 112, 022015 (2008)]. X-ray imaging suggests less-than-predicted compression ofcapsules containing {sup 3}He. Leading candidate explanations …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Herrmann, Hans W.; Langenbrunner, James R.; Mack, Joseph M.; Cooley, James H.; Wilson, Douglas C.; Evans, Scott C. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Approximations to wire grid inductance.
None
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Warne, Larry Kevin; Johnson, William Arthur & Merewether, Kimball O.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of Thermal Control Technologies for Cooling Electric Vehicle Power Electronics
NREL is assessing thermal control technologies to improve the thermal performance of power electronics devices for electric vehicles, while reducing the cost, weight, and volume of the system.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Kelly, K.; Abraham, T.; Bennion, K.; Bharathan, D.; Narumanchi, S. & O'Keefe, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of Unabated Facility Emission Potentials for Evaluating Airborne Radionuclide Monitoring Requirements at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory - 2007
Assessments were performed to evaluate compliance with the airborne radionuclide emission monitoring requirements in the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP – U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 61, Subpart H) and Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 246-247: Radiation Protection – Air Emissions. In these NESHAP assessments, potential unabated offsite doses were evaluated for emission locations at buildings that are part of the consolidated laboratory campus of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This report describes the inventory-based methods and provides the results for the NESHAP assessment performed in 2007.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Ballinger, Marcel Y.; Barfuss, Brad C. & Gervais, Todd L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bacteria in Permafrost
Significant numbers of viable ancient microorganisms are known to be present within the permafrost. They have been isolated in both polar regions from the cores up to 400 m deep and ground temperatures of -27 C. The age of the cells corresponds to the longevity of the permanently frozen state of the soils, with the oldest cells dating back to {approx}3 million years in the Arctic, and {approx}5 million years in the Antarctic. They are the only life forms known to have retained viability over geological time. Thawing of the permafrost renews their physiological activity and exposes ancient life to modern ecosystems. Thus, the permafrost represents a stable and unique physicochemical complex, which maintains life incomparably longer than any other known habitats. If we take into account the depth of the permafrost layers, it is easy to conclude that they contain a total microbial biomass many times higher than that of the soil cover. This great mass of viable matter is peculiar to permafrost only.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Gilichinsky, David A.; Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A.; Petrova, Maya A.; Spirina, Elena V.; Mamikin, Vladimir & Rivkina, Elizaveta
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 88, No. 1, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 1, 2008
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Clements, Clifford E.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Beam emittance measurements at Fermilab
We give short overview of various beam emittance measurement methods, currently applied at different machine locations for the Run II collider physics program at Fermilab. All these methods are based on beam profile measurements, and we give some examples of the related instrumentation techniques. At the end we introduce a multi-megawatt proton source project, currently under investigation at Fermilab, with respect to the beam instrumentation challenges.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Wendt, Manfred; Eddy, Nathan; Hu, Martin; Scarpine, Victor; Syphers, Mike; Tassotto, Gianni et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 1, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 1, 2008
Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Cartwright, Brian
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Brochure for the Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2nd edition, 6 volumes set
Brochure for the second edition where the preface states: The science of the ultra small nanoscience has dramatically exploded during the last few years, and the technologies operating with ultra small things the nanotechnologies acquired quickly a firm position in today s world of business, technological development, and public perception. Several factors contributed to the acceleration of scientific knowledge and technological progress in the last decades, among which the rapid development of fast computers, availability of high-resolution analytical techniques, and the progress of molecular biology and genetics are probably the most important. The result was an unprecedented expansion of the frontiers of science, which empowered the human genius with unlimited options of top-down and bottom-up methods for manipulation of materials structure and control of properties at multiple levels, from atomic to molecular, supramolecular, and biomolecular. Already a distinctive mark of 21st century, nanoscience and nanotechnology will certainly have a steadily increasing influence on the quality of life and the environment of this Planet for centuries to come. Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Second Edition provides a comprehensive and detailed review, from multiple angles, of major developments in the human s quest for understanding and mastering of physical, chemical and …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Contescu, Cristian I. & Putyera, Karol
Object Type:
Pamphlet
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Building America Research Benchmark Definition: Updated December 20, 2007
To track progress toward aggressive multi-year whole-house energy savings goals of 40-70% and onsite power production of up to 30%, DOE's Residential Buildings Program and NREL developed the Building America Research Benchmark in consultation with the Building America industry teams. The Benchmark is generally consistent with mid-1990s standard practice, as reflected in the Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Technical Guidelines (RESNET 2002), with additional definitions that allow the analyst to evaluate all residential end-uses, an extension of the traditional HERS rating approach that focuses on space conditioning and hot water. Unlike the reference homes used for HERS, EnergyStar, and most energy codes, the Benchmark represents typical construction at a fixed point in time so it can be used as the basis for Building America's multi-year energy savings goals without the complication of chasing a 'moving target'.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Hendron, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Business Case for Installing E85 at Retail Stations
Clean Cities Now is the official publication of the Clean Cities program. It features articles on alternative fuels and vehicles, idle reduction, fuel economy, and hybrid vehicles.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
C++ and data
High performance computing with a large code base and C++ has proved to be a good combination. But when it comes to storing data, C++ is a problematic choice: it offers no support for serialization, type definitions are amazingly complex to parse, and the dependency analysis (what does object A need to be stored?) is incredibly difficult. Nevertheless, the LHC data consists of C++ objects that are serialized with help from ROOT's reflection database and interpreter CINT. The fact that we can do it on that scale, and the performance with which we do it makes this approach unique and stirs interest even outside HEP. I will show how CINT collects and stores information about C++ types, what the current major challenges are (dictionary size), and what CINT and ROOT have done and plan to do about it.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Naumann, Axel; /CERN; Canal, Philippe & /Fermilab
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Casimir dependence of transverse distribution of pairs produced from a strong constant chromo-electric background field
Recently the transverse distribution of particle production from strong constant chromo-electric fields has been explicitly calculated in Ref. 1 for soft-gluon production and in Ref. 2 for quark (antiquark) production. This particle production method, originally discussed by Heisenberg and Euler, Schwinger and Weisskopf, has a long history as a model of the production of the quark gluon plasma following a relativistic heavy ion collision. The physical picture considered here is that of two relativistic heavy nuclei colliding and leaving behind a semi-classical gluon field which then non-perturbatively produces gluon and quark-antiquark pairs via the Schwinger mechanism. At high energy large hadron colliders, such as RHIC (Au-Au collisions at {radical}{ovr s} = 200 GeV) and LHC (Pb-Pb collisions at {radical}{ovr s} = 5.5 TeV), about half the total center-of-mass energy, E{sub cm}, goes into the production of a semi-classical gluon field, which can be thought to be initially in a Lorentz contracted disc. The gluon field in SU(3) is described by two Casimir invariants, the first one, C{sub 1} = E{sup a}E{sup a}, being related to the energy density of the initial field, where the second one, C{sub 2} = [d{sub abc}E{sup a}E{sup b}E{sup c}]{sup 2}, is related to the SU(3) …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Cooper, Fred M; Mihaila, Bogdan & Dawson, John F
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chaos and structure of level densities
The energy region of the first few MeV above the ground state shows interesting features of the nucleus. Beyond an ordered energy region just above the ground-state the dynamics changes, and chaotic features are observed in the neutron resonance region. The statistical properties of energies and wave-functions are common to all chaotic nuclei. However, if instead a global property, like the local level-density function is studied, strong structure effects emerge. In this contribution we discuss these two different facets of warm nuclei. In section 2 the onset of chaos with increasing excitation energy is discussed, with both experimental observations and proposed theoretical mechanisms as starting points. The structure of level densities in the same excitation energy region based on the two different starting points, is treated in section 3, where we give a short presentation of a newly developed combinatorial level-density modell. Some results from the model are presented and discussed. Two coexisting facets of warm nuclei, quantum chaos and structure of the level density, are considered. A newly developed combinatorial level-density model is presented, and the role of collective enhancements discussed. An example of extreme parity enhancement is shown.
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Moller, Peter; Aberg, Sven; Uhrenholt, Henrik & Ickhikawa, Takatoshi
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of a Mobile Oscillatory Fatigue Operator for Wind Turbine Blade Testing
Laboratory testing of wind turbine blades is required to meet wind turbine design standards, reduce machine cost, and reduce the technical and fi nancial risks of deploying mass-produced wind turbine models. Fatigue testing at the National Wind Technology Center (NWTC) is currently conducted using Universal Resonance Excitation (UREX) technology. In a UREX test, the blade is mounted to a rigid stand and hydraulic exciters mounted to the blade are used to excite the blade to its resonant frequency. A drawback to UREX technology is that mounting hydraulic systems to the blade is diffi cult and requires a relatively long set-up period. An alternative testing technology called the Mobile Oscillatory Fatigue Operator (MOFO) has been analyzed. The MOFO uses an oscillating blade test-stand rather than a rigid stand, avoiding the need to place hydraulic systems on the blade. The MOFO will be demonstrated by converting an existing test-stand at the NWTC to an oscillating stand that can test blades up to 25 m in length. To obtain the loads necessary to design the MOFO, the system motion is modeled using rigid body and lumped mass dynamics models. Preliminary modeling indicates the existing stand can be converted to a MOFO relatively easily. …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Donohoo, Pearl E. & Cotrell, Jason
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of Pu-238 heat source granule containment
The Milliwatt Radioisotopic Thermoelectric Generator (RTG) provides power for permissive-action links. These nuclear batteries convert thermal energy to electrical energy using a doped silicon-germanium thermopile. The thermal energy is provided by a heat source made of {sup 238}Pu, in the form of {sup 238}PuO{sub 2} granules. The granules are contained in 3 layers of encapsulation. A thin T-111 liner surrounds the {sup 238}PuO{sub 2} granules and protects the second layer (strength member) from exposure to the fuel granules. The T-111 strength member contains the fuel under impact condition. An outer clad of Hastelloy-C protects the T-111 from oxygen embrittlement. The T-111 strength member is considered the critical component in this {sup 238}PuO{sub 2} containment system. Any compromise in the strength member is something that needs to be characterized. Consequently, the T-111 strength member is characterized upon it's decommissioning through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Metallography. SEM is used in Secondary Electron mode to reveal possible grain boundary deformation and/or cracking in the region of the strength member weld. Deformation and cracking uncovered by SEM are further characterized by Metallography. Metallography sections are mounted and polished, observed using optical microscopy, then documented in the form of photomicrographs. SEM may further be …
Date:
January 1, 2008
Creator:
Richardson Ii, P D; Thronas, D L; Romero, J P; Sandoval, F E; Neuman, A D & Duncan, W S
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library