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24-th Order high temperature expansion for the 3-d Ising model
The authors present the series for the free energy and their estimate for the critical exponent {alpha}, as computed by a recursive bookkeeping algorithm on the CM5. They begin with a discussion of the algorithm to compute the High-Temperature expansion on finite 3-D Ising lattices.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Glaessner, U.; Schilling, K.; Bhanot, G. & Creutz, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
45-Day safety screening for Tank 241-B-102 auger samples, riser 1
This is the 45-Day report for the fiscal year 1994 Tank 241-B-102 auger sampling characterization effort. Only one of the two planned auger samples was received by the 222-S Laboratory, however it was decided to begin the 45-day clock and issue a report based on receipt of the first auger sample. Included are copies of the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) scans as requested. Also included is a copy of any immediate notification documentation, chain of custody forms, the hot cell work plan, extruded segment [auger] description sheets, and total alpha data. The TGA percent moisture results are below the safety criteria limit of 17% in a subsample taken approximately five minutes after extrusion and a second subsample taken from the lower half of the auger. Verbal and written notifications were made as prescribed. The DSC analysis of all subsamples indicates the presence of fraction exotherms, however the results are a factor of two or more below the notification limit of 523 Joules/gram (J/g). Total alpha results are all below the detection limit. In some cases, the tank characterization plan (TCP) accuracy and precision criteria are not met. If a re-run was not performed when a TCP …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Bell, K. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
105-KE Basin isolation barrier leak rate test analytical development
This report provides analytical developments in support of the proposed leak rate test of the 105-KE Basin. The analytical basis upon which the K-basin leak test results will be used ti determine the basin leakage rates is developed in this report. The leakage of the K-Basin isolation barriers under accident conditions will be determined from the test results. There are two fundamental flow regimes that may exist in the postulated K-Basin leakage, viscous laminar and turbulent flow. An analytical development is presented for each flow regime. The basic geometry and nomenclature of the postulated leak paths are denoted.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Irwin, J. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
132 ns Bunch Spacing in the Tevatron Proton-Antiproton Collider
Following completion of the Fermilab Main Injector it is expected that the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider will be operating at a luminosity in excess of 5{times}10{sup 3l} cm{sup {minus}2} with 36 proton and antiproton bunches spaced at 396 nsec. At this luminosity, each of the experimental detectors will see approximately 1.3 interactions per crossing. Potential improvements to the collider low beta and rf systems could push the luminosity beyond 10{times}10{sup 3l} cm{sup {minus}2}sec{sup {minus}1}, resulting in more than three interactions per crossing if the bunch separation is left unchanged. This paper discusses issues related to moving to {approx}100 bunch operation, with bunch spacings of 132 nsec, in the Tevatron. Specific scenarios and associated hardware requirements are described.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Holmes, S. D.; Holt, J.; Johnstone, J. A.; Marriner, J.; Martens, M. & McGinnis, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1994 Pacific Northwest Loads and Resources Study, Technical Appendix: Volume 1.
The 1994 Pacific Northwest Loads and Resources Study establishes the Bonneville Power Administration`s (BPA) planning basis for supplying electricity t6 BPA customers. The Loads and Resources Study is presented in two documents: (1) this technical appendix detailing loads and resources for each major Pacific Northwest generating utility; and (2) a summary of Federal system and Pacific Northwest region loads and resources. This analysis updates the 1993 Pacific Northwest Loads and Resources Study Technical Appendix published in December 1993. This technical appendix provides utility specific information that BPA uses in its long-range planning. It incorporates the following for each utility: (1) electrical demand-firm loads; (2) generating resources; and (3) contracts both inside and outside the region. This document should be used in combination with the 1994 Pacific Northwest Loads and Resources Study, published in December 1994, because much of the information in that document is not duplicated here. This BPA planning document incorporates Pacific Northwest generating resources and the 1994 medium load forecast prepared by BPA. Each utility`s forecasted future firm loads are subtracted from its existing resources to determine whether it will be surplus or deficit. If a utility`s resources are greater than loads in any particular year or month, …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
United States. Bonneville Power Administration.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ab Initio Calculations for Dissociative Hydrogen Adsorption on Lithium Oxide Surfaces
Lithium ceramics are one class of materials being considered as tritium breeders for fusion technology,and hydrogen is known to enhance the release of tritium from lithium ceramic materials. Dissociative hydrogen chemisorption on the Li{sub 2}O surfaces of the (100), (110), and (111) planes has been investigated with ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations. Calculations for unrelaxed crystal Li{sub 2}O structures indicated that except for the (100) surface, the (110) and (111) surfaces are stable. Results on the heterolytic sites of n-layer (110) (where n {ge} 2) slabs and three-layer (111) slabs suggest that dissociative hydrogen chemisorption is endothermic. For a one-layer (110) slab at 100% surface coverage, the dissociative hydrogen chemisorption is exothermic, forming OH{sup {minus}} and Li{sup +}H{sup {minus}}Li{sup +}. The results also indicate that the low coordination environment in surface step structures, such as kinks and ledges, may plan an important role in the hydrogen chemisorption process. On the homolytic sites of the (110) and (111) surfaces, there is no hydrogen chemisorption.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Sutjianto, A.; Tam, S. W.; Curtiss, L. A.; Johnson, C. E. & Pandey, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator modeling system for the future
Many computer programs and a variety of models exist for the design of accelerator lattices and the correction of errors. Many physicists contributed to this work by developing codes to suit a variety of machines. At present, we are integrating some of these codes into a unified framework to design and control any type of machine. We will refer to this system of interactive accelerator design, control, and analysis codes as the All-In-One Modeling system (AIM). This paper will explore the utilities of AIM for future accelerator modeling and control. As an example, we will describe a procedure to produce both a linear and a nonlinear model for SPEAR.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Lee, M.; Cai, Y. & Tran, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acceptance test report for tank bottom thermocouples on Tank 241-SY-101
This test report documents testing performed per WHC-SD-WM-ATP-069, Rev. 2. The proper monitoring of the 241-SY-101 Tank Bottom and Side Thermocouples (TBSTC) by the Data Acquisition and Control System (DACS) will be tested to establish continued operability of the system. During this test, an end-to-end verification of all of the sensor circuits associated with the TBSTCs, which provide signals both to the DACS computer system and an installed temporary Data Logger, shall be performed by injecting a signal at the appropriate field terminal and verifying the circuit completely through the system to the computer in the DACS trailer and the computer monitor used to display the output of the Data Logger. Each injected signal will be adjusted for appropriate `near zero`, `mid range` and `near full scale` values for the sensor being tested. The TBSTC screen, which provides for operator interface with the TBSTCs, will be utilized to monitor testing at the DACS computers. Testing per this procedure shall be conducted after the installation of the temporary Data Logger for the TBSTCs is complete. The temporary Data Logger will be installed to monitor the temperature readings of 13 of the 26 Tank Bottom Thermocouples in support of SY-101 excavation testing.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Zuehlke, A. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acid-site characterization of water-oxidized alumina films by near-edge x-ray absorption and soft x-ray photoemission
Hydroxylated alumina films have been synthesized by water oxidation of single crystal Al(110) surfaces. Thermal dehydroxylation results in anion vacancies which produce an Al(3s) defect state 3.5 eV below the conduction band edge. A maximum in the defect-DOS occurs for oxides heated to 350 to 400C, which is where the materials exhibit maximum Lewis acidity with respect to C{sub 2}H{sub 4}. Adsorbed C{sub 2}H{sub 4} produces thermally active C{sub 2} species which interact covalently with the defect-DOS and nonbonding O(2p) from the top of the valence band. C(1s) binding energies suggest significant charge transfer which is consistent with a carbenium ion. Ni evaporated onto the surface, however, transfers charge directly to Al species and does not interact with O atoms at the defect site. The defect-DOS is regenerated when the C{sub 2} species decomposes or when Ni migrates thermally through the oxide layer.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
O`Hagan, P. J.; Merrill, R. P.; Rhodin, T. N.; Woronick, S. W.; Shinn, N. D.; Woolery, G. L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acquisition and reduction of data obtained from Tank 101-SY in-situ ball rheometer
Development of the ball rheometer to measure rheological properties and density of the waste in Hanford Tank 241-SY-101 will be completed around September 1994. Since the ball rheometer project began, a mixer pump has been installed in this tank, and by all accounts this pump has been very successful at mitigating the flammable gas problem associated with Tank 101-SY. Present plans now call for the use of mixer pumps in several other tanks. The ball rheometer will serve as a diagnostic tool for judging the effectiveness of mixing in Tank 101-SY and others and will be one of few in-situ probes available for diagnostic measurements. The in-situ data collection strategy and the methods of data analysis and reduction are presented in this final report concerning this instrument. It is believed that a generalized Bingham fluid model (Herschel-Bulkley fluid model) may be useful for describing at least some of the waste contained in Tank 101-SY, and data obtained in the tank will initially be reduced using this fluid model. The single largest uncertainty in the determination of the drag force on the ball is the drag force which will be experienced by the cable attached to the ball. This drag can …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Shepard, C. L.; Chieda, M. A. & Kirihara, L. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced far infrared detector and double donor studies in Ge
This has application to astronomy and astrophysics. Selenium in Ge has been studied with a doping technique which limits complex formation. Only one ionization level has been found to correspond to selenium, which presumably occupies a substitutional site. This level is extremely unstable and its concentration decreases after annealing at 400C. Future work is planned to anneal the fast neutron damage before much selenium has formed in the {sup 74/76}Ge samples. It is expected that the observed selenium level can be better characterized and the missing selenium level is more likely to be discovered if other defects are removed before {sup 77}Se formation.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Olsen, C.S.
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced in-duct sorbent injection for SO{sub 2} control. Topical report No. 2, Subtask 2.2: Design optimization
The objective of this research project is to develop second-generation duct injection technology as a cost-effective SO{sub 2} control option for the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Research is focused on the Advanced Coolside process, which has shown the potential for achieving the performance targets of 90% SO{sub 2} removal and 60% sorbent utilization. In Subtask 2.2, Design Optimization, process improvement was sought by optimizing sorbent recycle and by optimizing process equipment for reduced cost. The pilot plant recycle testing showed that 90% SO{sub 2} removal could be achieved at sorbent utilizations up to 75%. This testing also showed that the Advanced Coolside process has the potential to achieve very high removal efficiency (90 to greater than 99%). Two alternative contactor designs were developed, tested and optimized through pilot plant testing; the improved designs will reduce process costs significantly, while maintaining operability and performance essential to the process. Also, sorbent recycle handling equipment was optimized to reduce cost.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Rosenhoover, W. A.; Stouffer, M. R. & Withum, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced in-duct sorbent injection for SO{sub 2} control. Topical report No. 4, Task 3, Optimized advanced process evaluation
The objective of this research project is to develop second- generation duct injection technology as a cost-effective compliance option for the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Specific performance targets are 90% SO{sup 2} removal and 60% sorbent utilization efficiency. Research focused on the Advanced Coolside process, which showed the potential for exceeding these targets. The objective of Subtask 3.1, Performance Testing, was to develop process performance and operability data for design and scale-up of the optimized Advance Coolside process. Results of long-term pilot plant testing with 24 hour/day operation provided a positive indication of process operability. The objective of Subtask 3.2, Waste Characterization, was to determine the chemical and physical properties of the waste materials for designing the waste handling and disposal systems for the process. Test results show that the combined spent sorbent and fly ash waste is suitable for landfilling. Further, the waste management study indicated a potential for by-product utilization for synthetic aggregate production; a more thorough investigation of this potential is required.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Rosenhoover, W. A.; Stouffer, M. R.; Maskew, J. T.; Withum, J. A.; Wu, M. M. & Winschel, R. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced in-duct sorbent injection for SO₂ control. Final technical report
The objective of this research project was to develop a second generation duct sorbent injection technology as a cost-effective compliance option for the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Research and development work was focused on the Advanced Coolside process, which showed the potential for exceeding the original performance targets of 90% SO{sub 2} removal and 60% sorbent utilization. Process development was conducted in a 1000 acfm pilot plant. The pilot plant testing showed that the Advanced Coolside process can achieve 90% SO{sub 2} removal at sorbent utilizations up to 75%. The testing also showed that the process has the potential to achieve very high removal efficiency (90 to >99%). By conducting conceptual process design and economic evaluations periodically during the project, development work was focused on process design improvements which substantially lowered process capital and operating costs, A final process economic study projects capital costs less than one half of those for limestone forced oxidation wet FGD. Projected total SO{sub 2} control cost is about 25% lower than wet FGD for a 260 MWe plant burning a 2.5% sulfur coal. A waste management study showed the acceptability of landfill disposal; it also identified a potential avenue for by-product utilization which …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Stouffer, M. R.; Withium, J. A.; Rosenhoover, W. A. & Maskew, J. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced in-duct sorbent injection for SO₂ control. Topical report No. 5, Task 4: Data analysis and computer modeling
The objective of this research project is to develop a second generation in-duct sorbent injection technology as a cost-effective compliance option for the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Specific performance targets are 90% SO{sub 2} removal and 60% sorbent utilization efficiency. After initial results indicated that the Advanced Coolside process had a potential of exceeding these targets, research focused on the Advanced Coolside process. For Task 4, Data Analysis and Computer Modeling, the objective was to develop two computer models. The first computer model would correlate sorbent properties with hydration parameters, while the second would correlate desulfurization performance with the sorbent properties. A two-level factorial program was undertaken to examine the effects of selected hydration process variables on some of the physical and chemical properties of the hydrates produced and on their SO{sub 2} reactivity. A bench-scale hydrator was used to convert quicklime samples to hydrated limes under controlled processing conditions. Two quicklimes were hydrated -- Mississippi Lime and Black River Lime. Significant differences in physical properties of these hydrates were observed. However, no relationship between the measured physical properties and the SO{sub 2} reactivity was observed. Within the scope of this work, SO{sub 2} reactivity is not a function …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Maskew, J. T.; Rosenhoover, W. A.; Withum, J. A. & Stouffer, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced in-duct sorbent injection for SO₂ control. Topical report No. 6, Task 5: Conceptual commercial process design and economic evaluation
The objective of this research project is the development of a second generation in-duct sorbent injection technology as a cost-effective compliance option for the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Research focused on the Advanced Coolside Process, which has shown the potential of exceeding the performance targets of 90% SO{sub 2} removal and 60% sorbent utilization. In Task 5, Conceptual Process Design and Economic Evaluation, the economics of the CONSOL Advanced Coolside Process as a Clean Air Act compliance option were evaluated. A conceptual process design for full-scale, coal-fired applications is described. Advanced Coolside is compared to conventional Limestone Forced Oxidation (LSFO) wet FGD technology. The process economics for coal sulfur levels ranging from 1.0% to 3.5% (as-received) and plant sizes ranging from 160 to 512 gross MW were investigated, In addition, the economics of on-site versus off-site lime hydration and the cost sensitivity to delivered pebble lime and hydrate prices are investigated, Advanced in-duct sorbent injection enjoys a capital and levelized cost advantage relative to LSFO in all cases examined in this study. As a result of this study and others made during this contract, the following conclusions can be made: (1) The capital cost of Advanced Coolside is 55% …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Deluliis, N. J. & Maskew, J. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced separation technology for flue gas cleanup. Quarterly technical report No. 11, October 1994--December 1994
The objective of this work is to develop a novel system for regenerable SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} scrubbing of flue gas that focuses on (a) a novel method for regeneration of spent SO{sub 2} scrubbing liquor and (b) novel chemistry for reversible absorption of NO{sub x}. In addition, high efficiency hollow fiber contactors (HFC) are proposed as the devices for scrubbing the SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} from the flue gas. The system will be designed to remove more than 95% of the SO{sub x} and more than 75% of the NO{sub x} from flue gases typical of pulverized coal-fired power plants at a cost that is at least 20% less than combined wet limestone scrubbing of SO{sub x} and selective catalytic reduction of NO{sub x}. In addition, the process will make only marketable byproducts, if any (no waste streams). The major cost item in existing technology is capital investment. Therefore, our approach is to reduce the capital cost by using high efficiency hollow fiber devices for absorbing and desorbing the SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x}. We will also introduce new process chemistry to minimize traditionally well-known problems with SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} absorption and desorption. For example, …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Bhown, A. S.; Alvarado, D. & Pakala, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced turbine systems program conceptual design and product development. Quarterly report, August--October 1994
This is a quarterly report on the Westinghouse Electric Corporation Advanced Turbine Systems Program--conceptual design and product development. The topics of the report include the management plan, National Energy Policy Act, selection of natural gas-fired advanced turbine systems, selection of coal-fired advanced turbine systems, market study, systems definition and analysis, design and test of critical components, and plans for the next reporting period.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Turbine Systems Program conceptual design and product development. Task 3.0, Selection of natural gas-fired Advanced Turbine System
This report presents results of Task 3 of the Westinghouse ATS Phase II program. Objective of Task 3 was to analyze and evaluate different cycles for the natural gas-fired Advanced Turbine Systems in order to select one that would achieve all ATS program goals. About 50 cycles (5 main types) were evaluated on basis of plant efficiency, emissions, cost of electricity, reliability-availability-maintainability (RAM), and program schedule requirements. The advanced combined cycle was selected for the ATS plant; it will incorporate an advanced gas turbine engine as well as improvements in the bottoming cycle and generator. Cost and RAM analyses were carried out on 6 selected cycle configurations and compared to the baseline plant. Issues critical to the Advanced Combined Cycle are discussed; achievement of plant efficiency and cost of electricity goals will require higher firing temperatures and minimized cooling of hot end components, necessitating new aloys/materials/coatings. Studies will be required in combustion, aerodynamic design, cooling design, leakage control, etc.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advances and prospects in reversed field pinch research
The reactor attributes of the compact, high beta RFP are as needed today as when the RFP was conceived. Confinement is a dominant scientific issue at present, In the past several years magnetic fluctuations have been shown experimentally to drive anomalous transport. From an understanding of the cause of transport, it is expected that flattening of the current density profile should suppress fluctuations and transport. Inductive current profile control has succeeded in reducing fluctuations, and doubling the energy and particle confinement times. For steady state current profile control, electrostatic current injection (dc helicity injection) is under preparation and rf current drive (fast wave and lower hybrid) has been shown to be feasible.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Prager, S. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An aerial radiological survey of the neutron products company and surrounding area
An aerial radiological survey was conducted from November 1-10, 1993, over the Neutron Products Company and neighboring areas. The company, located in Dickerson, Maryland, has two major operations involving the radioisotope cobalt-60 ({sup 60}Co)-the manufacture of commercial {sup 60}Co sources and the sterilization of medical products by exposure to radiation. The sterilization facility consists of two {sup 60}Co sources with activities of approximately 500,000 and 1,500,000 Ci, respectively. The purpose of the aerial survey was to detect and document any anomalous gamma-emitting radionuclides in the environment which may have resulted from operations of the Neutron Products Company. The survey covered two areas: the first was a 6.5- by 6.5-kilometer area centered over the Neutron Products facility; the second area was a 2- by 2.5-kilometer region surrounding a waste pumping station on Muddy Branch in Gaithersburg, Maryland. This site is approximately fifteen kilometers southeast of the Neutron Products facility and was included because sanitary and other liquid waste materials from the plant site are being disposed of at the pumping station. Contour maps showing gamma radiation exposure rates at 1 meter above ground level, overlaid on an aerial photo of the area, were constructed from the data measured during the flights. …
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Vojtech, R. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 119, No. 26, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 1, 1994
Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Lucas, Donnie A.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Algorithm for dual-energy radiographic analysis
The use of two or more radiographs of an object taken with different x-ray spectral characteristics to infer quantitative values of material density or Z number has been of interest to both the medical and industrial worlds for some time. One method uses monoenergetic isotopic sources with well defined energies in conjunction with standard step wedges and solving the resulting simultaneous equations. Besides the problem of finding isotopic sources with the appropriate energies, you have to have a priori knowledge of the materials in the object. This paper describes an algorithm that does not impose any limitations on the energy spectrum of the sources nor require any knowledge of the object. The algorithm does require that the different radiographs have perfect spatial registration (within a pixel width) and assumes that the transmitted x-ray intensity spectra is the same (within a multiplicative constant) over the image plane. This paper is just a start in developing multi-energy techniques; objects with three or more materials have not been investigated and it is not clear just how this algorithm should be generalized to the multi-energy case.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Morris, R. A. & Chancellor, T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alternative concepts for treatment and disposal of Hanford site high-level waste in tanks
Some innovative approaches have recently been proposed that may have significant schedule, cost, or environmental advantages which could improve the current HLW program strategy. Three general categories of alternative concepts are now under consideration: (1) process/product alternatives, (2) facility layout options, and (3) contracting strategies. This report compares the alternate approaches to the current program baseline to illustrate their potential significance and to identify the risks associated with each approach.
Date:
December 1, 1994
Creator:
Claghorn, R. D. & Powell, W. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library