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1-GWh diurnal load-leveling Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage system reference design
A point reference design has been completed for a 1-GWh Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage system. The system is for electric utility diurnal load-leveling but can also function to meet much faster power demands including dynamic stabilization. This study explores several concepts of design not previously considered in the same detail as treated here. Because the study is for a point design, optimization in all respects is not complete. This report examines aspects of the coil, the superconductor supported off of the dewar shell, the dewar shell, and its configuration and stresses, the underground excavation and construction for holding the superconducting coil and its dewar, the helium refrigeration system, the electrical converter system, the vacuum system, the guard coil, and the costs. This report is divided into two major portions. The first is a general treatment of the work and the second is seven detailed technical appendices issued as separate reports. The information presented on the aluminum stabilizer for the conductor, on the excavation, and on the converter is based upon industrial studies contracted for this work.
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
Rogers, J. D.; Hassenzahl, W. V. & Schermer, R. I. (comps.)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1-GWh diurnal load-leveling superconducting magnetic energy storage system reference design. Appendix A: energy storage coil and superconductor
The technical aspects of a 1-GWh Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) coil for use as a diurnal load-leveling device in an electric utility system are presented. The superconductor for the coil is analyzed, and costs for the entire coil are developed.
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
Schermer, R.I.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1-GWh diurnal load-leveling superconducting magnetic energy storage system reference design. Appendix B: cost study, high-purity aluminum production
Cost information is supplied for aluminum with purities of 200, 2000, and 5000 residual resistivity ratio. Two production situations were used for each purity: (1) 1 x 10/sup 6/ kg/yr production rate with a 30-yr sustaining market and (2) 1 x 10/sup 6/ kg/yr production rate for 2 yrs only. These productions and purities are of interest for manufacturing devices for Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage. The cost study results are presented as a range and include (1) the selling price of the aluminum for each case, (2) the cost of facilities including construction, engineering, and related costs, (3) the cost of money and depreciation (interest/amortization), and (4) the energy costs - the total of power and fuel. The range is affected by possible production variations and other uncertainties. Information is also given on plant location options and the preferred feed to the purification facility (with ore source effects).
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
Cochran, C. N.; Dawless, R. K. & Whitchurch, J. B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1-GWh diurnal load-leveling superconducting magnetic energy storage system reference design. Appendix C: dewar and structural support
The mechanical aspects of the dewar to contain a 1-GWh superconducting coil in a 1.8 K helium bath and the means for supporting the coil and dewar against the rock of an underground excavation created for just that purpose are presented.
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
Bennett, J. G. & Ju, F. D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1-GWh diurnal load-leveling superconducting magnetic energy storage system reference design. Appendix D: superconductive magnetic energy storage cavern construction methods and costs
The excavation and preparation of an underground cavern to contain a 1-GWh diurnal load-leveling Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit is examined. The cavern's principal function is to provide a rock structure for supporting the magnetic forces from the charged storage coil. Certain economic considerations indicate the refrigerator cold box for the helium system should also be underground. The study includes such a provision and considers, among other things, rock bolting, water seepage, concrete lining of the walls, steel bearing pads, a system to prevent freezing of the walls, a mining schedule, and costs.
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1-GWh diurnal load-leveling superconducting magnetic energy storage system reference design. Appendix F. 1-GWh electrical system design
Two circuit configurations for reducing the installed converter power and cost of high-power converter systems that operate in a constant-power mode over a wide current and voltage range are suggested and analyzed.
Date:
September 1, 1979
Creator:
Boenig, H. J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
S-1 project. Volume I. Architecture. 1979 annual report
The US Navy is one of the world's largest users of digital computing equipment having a procurement cost of at least $50,000, and is the single largest such computer customer in the Department of Defense. Its projected acquisition plan for embedded computer systems during the first half of the 80s contemplates the installation of over 10,000 such systems at an estimated cost of several billions of dollars. This expenditure, though large, is dwarfed by the 85 billion dollars which DOD is projected to spend during the next half-decade on computer software, the near-majority of which will be spent by the Navy; the life-cycle costs of the 700,000+ lines of software for a single large Navy weapons systems application (e.g., AEGIS) have been conservatively estimated at most of a billion dollars. The S-1 Project is dedicated to realizing potentially large improvements in the efficiency with which such very large sums may be spent, so that greater military effectiveness may be secured earlier, and with smaller expenditures. The fundamental objectives of the S-1 Project's work are first to enable the Navy to be able to quickly, reliably and inexpensively evaluate at any time what is available from the state-of-the-art in digital processing …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
S-1 project. Volume II. Hardware. 1979 annual report
This volume includes highlights of the design of the Mark IIA uniprocessor (SMI-2), and the SCALD II user's manual. SCALD (structured computer-aided logic design system) cuts the cost and time required to design logic by letting the logic designer express ideas as naturally as possible, and by eliminating as many errors as possible - through consistency checking, simulation, and timing verification - before the hardware is built. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
10-MWe solar-thermal central-receiver pilot plant: collector subsystem foundation construction. Revision No. 1
Bid documents are provided for the construction of the collector subsystem foundation of the Barstow Solar Pilot Plant, including invitation to bid, bid form, representations and certifications, construction contract, and labor standards provisions of the Davis-Bacon Act. Instructions to bidders, general provisions and general conditions are included. Technical specifications are provided for the construction. (LEW)
Date:
December 18, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
10-MWe solar-thermal central-receiver pilot plant. Operating and maintenance manual
Information required to perform the initial program loading and operation of the Heliostat Array Controller (HAC) is provided. Operating activities are described as required for heliostat control. All computer console command steps, from power up to power down are described. Detailed steps are provided to wake up the system and direct heliostat beams to standby, on target, standby to stow and power down. Maintenance requirements (preventive and corrective), reparability (reparable - non-reparable decisions), spares identification, spares storage location, replacement levels, replacement location and repair location are established. Individual system breakdown block diagrams are provided for each system/assembly/subassembly. Maintenance and repair description sheets are provided for each maintenance significant item. The manual provides support of the following equipment: (a) helostat assembly; (b) heliostat control assembly; and (c) maintenance and installation equipment. The safety requirements for the operating and maintenance functions are established. These procedures will assist in eliminating or controlling the accident potentials caused by human error, environment, or component malfunctions or interactions that could result in major injury or fatality to operating or visiting personnel, or damage to subsystem components or support equipment. These procedures are for normal and test operating conditions and emergency situations, and apply to all Martin …
Date:
August 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
10-MWe solar-thermal central-receiver pilot plant. Phase II. Planning
The various considerations related to the Phase II schedules, material control and personnel training required to effectively implement the program are presented. The flow charts and schedules required to accomplish fabrication, installation, checkout, and personnel training to support the Pilot Plant schedule are identified. The planning addresses receiving, storage and shipment of raw materials, subassemblies, component, subsystems, and complete assemblies. The vendor activities and the major Martin Marietta facilities are included. These are the Mirror Assembly activities at Pueblo, Colorado and the heliostat assembly and installation activities at the Barstow-Daggett Airport and the solar plant. (LEW)
Date:
August 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
N-13 Ammonia for the Noninvasive Evaluation of Myocardial Blood Flow by Positron Emission Computed Tomography
The kinetics and characteristics of nitrogen-13 labelled ammonia as an indicator of blood flow in the myocardium were evaluated in open-chest dogs. Its utility as an imaging agent was tested in animals and man. (PSB)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Schelbert, H. R. & Phelps, M. E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
42-inch diameter producer stream gas clean-up system mathematical model
The purpose of this work is to develop a computer simulation program that will expedite the development and aid in the optimization and scale-up of the Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) low-Btu coal gasifier system. The gasifier system includes the METC low-Btu fixed-bed gasifier and the producer gas clean-up system. The producer Gas Clean-Up System Simulation Program, the subject of this report, develops the mathematical models and computational procedures for the material balance calculation around each of the seven major process units that constitute the METC producer gas clean-up system: gas cyclone, humidifier, electrostatic precipitator, hydrolysis unit, direct cooler, Stretford process, and final wash tower.
Date:
March 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
50 kW on-site concentrating solar photovoltaic power system. Phase I: design. Final report, 1 June 1978-28 February 1979
This contract is part of a three phase program to design, fabricate, and operate a solar photovoltaic electric power system with concentrating optics. The system will be located beside a Local Operating Headquarters of the Georgia Power Company in Atlanta, Georgia and will provide part of the power for the on-site load. Fresnel lens concentrators will be used in 2-axis tracking arrays to focus solar energy onto silicon solar cells producing a peak power output of 56 kW. The present contract covers Phase I which has as its objective the complete design of the system and necessary subsystems.
Date:
March 30, 1979
Creator:
Pittman, P. F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
50 kWp Photovoltaic Concentrator Application Experiment, Phase I. Final report, 1 June 1978-28 February 1979
This program consists of a design study and component development for an experimental 50-kWp photovoltaic concentrator system to supply power to the San Ramon substation of the Pacific Gas and Electric Company. The photovoltaic system is optimized to produce peaking power to relieve the air conditioning load on the PG and E system during summer afternoons; and would therefore displace oil-fired power generation capacity. No electrical storage is required. The experiment would use GaAs concentrator cells with point-focus fresnel lenses operating at 400X, in independent tracking arrays of 440 cells each, generating 3.8 kWp. Fourteen arrays, each 9 feet by 33 feet, are connected electrically in series to generate the 50 kWp. The high conversion efficiency possible with GaAs concentrator cells results in a projected annual average system efficiency (AC electric power output to sunlight input) of better than 15%. The capability of GaAs cells for high temperature operation made possible the design of a total energy option, whereby thermal power from selected arrays could be used to heat and cool the control center for the installation. System design and analysis, fabrication and installation, environmental assessment, and cost projections are described in detail. (WHK)
Date:
June 15, 1979
Creator:
Maget, H.J.R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
60 GHz and 110 GHz development program. Quarterly report No. 2, October-December 1979
The objective of this program has been changed from developing a microwave amplifier or oscillator capable of producing 200 kW cw power output at 110 GHz to developing families of microwave oscillators capable of producing 200 kW of peak power output at 60 GHz and some higher frequency, possibly 90 GHz or 110 GHz, with pulse durations at 100 ms, 30 s and cw. The use of cyclotron resonance interaction is being pursued. The early design phases of this program are discussed.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Shively, J.; Conner, C.; Jory, H.; Stone, D.; Symons, R.; Thomas, G. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
400 MWe commercial OTEC plants: review of reports by Gibbs and Cox, Inc. , Lockheed Missile and Space Corporation, M. Rosenblatt and Sons
The Department of Energy contracted with Gibbs and Cox, M. Rosenblatt and Son and Lockheed Missile and Space Corporation to prepare conceptual designs, cost estimates and analyses for a 400 MWe OTEC Commercial Size platform. Each contractor was directed to investigate two predetermined hull configurations and to relate them to one operating site, selected by DOE. A total of 6 designs, covering sphere, spar, ship and semisubmersibles were studied by the three contractors. The results of their investigations were presented by DOE in Washington on May 8, 1978. The presentations showed that whereas a considerable data base has been built, no clear conclusions had emerged with respect to the direction that future design of the commercial platform should take. JJMA has been directed by Value Engineering on behalf of DOE to review the conceptual designs and the accompanying data base prepared by the three contractors. The intent of this review is to propose to DOE the answers to the following questions, based on the results of studies by the three contractors: (1) If DOE were to build a 400 MW OTEC plant, starting now, what should they build. (2) What are the reasons for the decisions. (3) What would it …
Date:
June 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
500-MeV electron beam bench-mark experiments and calculations
Experiments measuring the energy deposited by electron beams were performed to provide bench marks against which to evaluate our HANDYL76 electron beam computer code. The experiments, done at Stanford's Mk III accelerator, measured dose vs depth and dose vs radius profiles induced in layered aluminum targets by 500-MeV electrons. The dose was measured by passive thermoluminescence and photographic film placed between aluminum plates. The calculations predict a dose vs radius profile that forward-peaks on axis after the beam passes through a 200-cm air gap; the experimental measurements do not show this peak. This discrepancy indicates there may be a problem in using HANDYL76 to calculate deep penetration of a target with a large gap.
Date:
December 1, 1979
Creator:
Farley, E.; Crase, K. & Selway, D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
E-537 MWPC amplifier
The design of a fast MWPC amplifier for the beam chambers and the absorber chamber is completed and all parts are on order. A prototype 16 channel board has been built and satisfactorily tested. Artwork is completed for the board and out to be photographed. The board fabrication contract has been let. Listed below is a summary of the amplifier characteristics as well as test results obtained with the prototype.
Date:
September 17, 1979
Creator:
Kephart, R. & Kerns, C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
700, 100, and 20 hp combustion test facilities. Quarterly activity report, July 2, 1979-September 30, 1979, third quarter. [Coal-oil slurry combustion as retrofit]
Objective of the DOE/PETC 700 H.P. Combustion Test Facility (CTF) is to show the feasibility of coal-oil slurry combustion as a retrofit technology. The coal-oil mixture (COM) parametric combustion test program in the CTF was completed successfully for 30, 40, and 50% coal-oil concentrations; plugging in the nozzles at 50% COM and burner nozzle wear were among the problems. Progress on the 100 and 20 H.P. units is also reported. (DLC)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1978 annual report, INEL geothermal environmental program
The objective of the Raft River Geothermal Environmental Program, in its fifth year, is to characterize the beneficial and detrimental impacts resulting from the development of moderate-temperature geothermal resources in the valley. This report summarizes the monitoring and research efforts conducted as part of this program in 1978. The results of these monitoring programs will be used to determine the mitigation efforts required to reduce long-term impacts resulting from geothermal development.
Date:
April 1, 1979
Creator:
Spencer, S. G.; Sullivan, J. F. & Stanley, N. E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1978 herbaceous production study
Herbaceous productivity studies on the Geokinetics Oil Shale Project Research site in Uintah County, Utah were begun during the summer of 1978. These studies were designed to assess the amount of biomass produced by herbaceous vegetation in each of the vegetation types occurring on the site. Measurements were made in each of the control and treatment plots established for these types. The results given in this report are those obtained from the analysis of data collected during 1978. The chief objective of the herbaceous productivity study is to determine the amount of herbaceous biomass that is potentially available for use by herbivores on the LOFRECO site. As such, these studies are an intergral part of determining the carrying capacity of the site. The data collected from the 1978 study will be used together with other ecological information to provide a functional description of the site. Of particular importance in this synthesis are the data obtained from shrub utilization studies, phytosociological data, and the quantitative descriptions of the physical environment derived from ecoclimatic measurements. Herbaceous productivity will be monitored during the pre and post disturbance phases of the research site development.
Date:
March 1, 1979
Creator:
Olgeirson, E.R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1979 breeding bird censuses and summary of 1977-1979 results
As part of a program to characterize the plant and animal life of the Laboratory site and the surrounding region, the two breeding bird censuses originated in 1977 were continued in 1979. Twelve census trips were made to the BNL plot and 10 to the Westhampton plot by seven volunteer observers. Comparisons of data from the three years showed that the number of territorial males on the BNL plot did not change significantly, but the number of breeding species showed a continuous decline, from 18 to 10. Little change in the number of territorial males or in species composition occurred in the Westhampton plot.
Date:
November 1, 1979
Creator:
Raynor, G. S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1979 CECAM workshop on transport of fast electrons in laser fusion plasmas. Progress report
Attention is given to three problem areas in laser-driven electron transport: (1) ion-acoustic turbulence as a source of inhibition, (2) the effects of anti E times anti j heating of the thermals, and (3) the possibility of thermal inhibition by thermal electron runaway or trapping.
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Mason, R.J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library