In this enlightening discussion, Prof. Tadeusz Slupski of Poland, a visitor to Zangskar since November 1977, discusses the cultural shifts over the decades with a couple from Sani village. Slupski narrates the socio-cultural transformations he witnessed since his initial visit and invites the couple to expand on these changes from their firsthand experiences. They discuss the nuances of the architectural evolution of Zangskari houses, delving into traditional heating and lighting methods, recalling cherished olden poems, songs, and dances—emphasizing the "chham" (Chham) dance and costumes, and reminisce about traditional weddings marked by horseback marriage processions. Dr. Jamphel Sheyan, Assistant Professor of English at GMDC, skillfully interprets the conversation, bridging Zangskari and English. Recorded in Sani village, Ladakh Union Territory, India.

In this insightful discussion, Gyafo (King) Phuntsok Dawa, the King of Padum, answers the questions raised on Zangskar and its history by Dr. Tadeusz Slupski, a regular visitor to Zangskar since 1977. Gyafo Dawa delves into the rich heritage of his lineage and the Zangskari royal family. He recounts the pivotal moment in June 1948 when Zangskar faced invasion from Pakistani forces, prompting his father and the entire family, accompanied by Kushok Bakula Rimpoche, to seek refuge in Himachal Pradesh. Dr. Slupski further inquires about the demographics of Zangskar, leading the discussion towards the significant societal and cultural changes Zangskar has experienced over the past four and a half decades, since he first visited. Recorded in Old Padum village, Ladakh Union Territory, India.

Photograph of the Diamond Jubilee plaque of Huonveng village reading "Diamond Jubilee 1953-2013 60 Yrs. of Huonveng village in memory of Mr. Thilthangkhup Tuolor, who has settled in this village since 1953. Ebenezer. Erected on 30.12.2013 by Hrangtinkhawl Tuolor & sons."

Photograph of a sign in English and literary Hmar at the entrance to Retzawl village reading "Welcome to Retzawl 'Kan ram kan rohlû' by H.S.A.L. Retzawl."

Joseph V. Tuolor responds to English prompts with Ṭhiek translations as part of an elicitation session on pronouns and person-indexation markers in transitive sentences.

Vanlal Tluong Bapui, President of the Hmar Literature Society, responds to English prompts in Ṭhiek as part of an elicitation session on affirmative and negative clauses.

Vanlal Tluong Bapui, President of the Hmar Literature Society, responds to English and Hmar prompts in Ṭhiek as part of an elicitation session to identify pronouns and person-indexation markers in transitive sentences.