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2005 cross section analysis and recommendations for further studies at Everest, Kansas.
On September 8-9, 2005, representatives of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE), the Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA), and Argonne National Laboratory met at the KDHE's offices in Topeka to review the status of the CCC/USDA's environmental activities in Kansas. A key CCC/USDA goal for this meeting was to discuss the recent (Phase III) environmental studies performed by Argonne at Everest, Kansas, and to obtain KDHE input on the selection of possible remedial approaches to be examined as part of the Corrective Action Study (CAS) for this site. Argonne distributed a brief Scoping Memo (Argonne 2005) to the CCC/USDA and the KDHE before the meeting to facilitate the intended pre-CAS discussions. As a result of the September meeting, the KDHE recommended several additional activities for the Everest site, for further assistance in identifying and evaluating remedial alternatives for the CAS. The requested actions include the following: (1) Construction of one or more additional, strategically located interpretive cross sections to improve the depiction of the hydrogeologic characteristics affecting groundwater and contaminant movement along the apparent main plume migration pathway to the north-northwest of the former CCC/USDA facility. (2) Development of technical recommendations for a …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
LaFreniere, L. M. & Division, Environmental Science
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Advanced Fracture Characterization and Well Path Navigation System for Effective Re-Development and Enhancement of Ultimate Recovery from the Complex Monterey Reservoir of South Ellwood Field, Offshore California
Venoco Inc, intends to re-develop the Monterey Formation, a Class III basin reservoir, at South Ellwood Field, Offshore Santa Barbara, California. Well productivity in this field varies significantly. Cumulative Monterey production for individual wells has ranged from 260 STB to 8,700,000 STB. Productivity is primarily affected by how well the well path connects with the local fracture system and the degree of aquifer support. Cumulative oil recovery to date is a small percentage of the original oil in place. To embark upon successful re-development and to optimize reservoir management, Venoco intends to investigate, map and characterize field fracture patterns and the reservoir conduit system. State of the art borehole imaging technologies including FMI, dipole sonic and cross-well seismic, interference tests and production logs will be employed to characterize fractures and micro faults. These data along with the existing database will be used for construction of a novel geologic model of the fracture network. Development of an innovative fracture network reservoir simulator is proposed to monitor and manage the aquifer's role in pressure maintenance and water production. The new fracture simulation model will be used for both planning optimal paths for new wells and improving ultimate recovery. In the second phase …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Horner, Steve
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Hydrogen Transport Membranes for Vision 21 Fossil Fuel Plants
During this quarter of the no cost extension a cermet composition referred to as EC101 containing a high permeability metal and a ceramic phase was prepared for sealing and permeability testing. Several different types of seals were developed and tested. In addition membrane surface stability was characterized.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Evenson, Carl R.; Kleiner, Richard N.; Stephan, James E. & Anderson, Frank E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 256, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 31, 2006
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR): Controversies for the 109th Congress
This is a report by the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, specifically about the controversies for the 109th Congress.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Baldwin, Pamela; Gelb, Bernard A. & Corn, M. Lynne
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
E-Area Performance Assessment Interim Measures Assessment FY2005
After major changes to the limits for various disposal units of the E-Area Low Level Waste Facility (ELLWF) last year, no major changes have been made during FY2005. A Special Analysis was completed which removes the air pathway {sup 14}C limit from the Intermediate Level Vault (ILV). This analysis will allow the disposal of reactor moderator deionizers which previously had no pathway to disposal. Several studies have also been completed providing groundwater transport input for future special analyses. During the past year, since Slit Trenches No.1 and No.2 were nearing volumetric capacity, they were operationally closed under a preliminary closure analysis. This analysis was performed using as-disposed conditions and data and showed that concrete rubble from the demolition of 232-F was acceptable for disposal in the STs even though the latest special analysis for the STs had reduced the tritium limits so that the inventory in the rubble exceeded limits. A number of special studies are planned during the next years; perhaps the largest of these will be revision of the Performance Assessment (PA) for the ELLWF. The revision will be accomplished by incorporating special analyses performed since the last PA revision as well as revising analyses to include new …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Stallings, M
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of Void Swelling in Austenitic Stainless Steel Core Internals.
As many pressurized water reactors (PWRs) age and life extension of the aged plants is considered, void swelling behavior of austenitic stainless steel (SS) core internals has become the subject of increasing attention. In this report, the available database on void swelling and density change of austenitic SSs was critically reviewed. Irradiation conditions, test procedures, and microstructural characteristics were carefully examined, and key factors that are important to determine the relevance of the database to PWR conditions were evaluated. Most swelling data were obtained from steels irradiated in fast breeder reactors at temperatures >385 C and at dose rates that are orders of magnitude higher than PWR dose rates. Even for a given irradiation temperature and given steel, the integral effects of dose and dose rate on void swelling should not be separated. It is incorrect to extrapolate swelling data on the basis of 'progressive compounded multiplication' of separate effects of factors such as dose, dose rate, temperature, steel composition, and fabrication procedure. Therefore, the fast reactor data should not be extrapolated to determine credible void swelling behavior for PWR end-of-life (EOL) or life-extension conditions. Although the void swelling data extracted from fast reactor studies is extensive and conclusive, only …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Chung, H. M. & Technology, Energy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Attrition Resistant Iron-Based Catalysts For F-T SBCRs
The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) reaction provides a way of converting coal-derived synthesis gas (CO+ H{sub 2}) to liquid fuels. Since the reaction is highly exothermic, one of the major problems in control of the reaction is heat removal. Recent work has shown that the use of slurry bubble column reactors (SBCRs) can largely solve this problem. The use of iron-(FE) based catalysts is attractive not only due to their low cost and ready availability, but also due to their high water-gas shift activity which makes it possible to use these catalysts with low H{sub 2}/CO ratios. However, a serious problem with the use of Fe catalysts in a SBCR is their tendency to undergo attrition. This can cause fouling/plugging of downstream filters and equipment; makes the separation of catalyst from the oil/wax product very difficult, if not impossible; and results in a steady loss of catalyst from the reactor. Under a previous Department of Energy (DOE)/University Research Grant (UCR) grant, Hampton University reported, for the first time, the development of demonstrably attrition-resistant Fe F-T synthesis catalysts having good activity, selectivity, and attrition resistance. These catalysts were prepared by spray drying Fe catalysts with potassium (K), copper (Cu), and silica (SiO{sub 2}) …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Adeyiga, Adeyinka A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 85, No. 53, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 31, 2006
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Cash, Wanda Garner
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Boerne Star & Recorder (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 100, No. 9, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 31, 2006
Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Cartwright, Brian
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Boiler Materials for Ultrasupercritical Coal Power Plants
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the Ohio Coal Development Office (OCDO) have recently initiated a project aimed at identifying, evaluating, and qualifying the materials needed for the construction of the critical components of coal-fired boilers capable of operating at much higher efficiencies than current generation of supercritical plants. This increased efficiency is expected to be achieved principally through the use of ultrasupercritical steam conditions (USC). A limiting factor in this can be the materials of construction. The project goal is to assess/develop materials technology that will enable achieving turbine throttle steam conditions of 760 C (1400 F)/35 MPa (5000 psi). This goal seems achievable based on a preliminary assessment of material capabilities. The project is further intended to build further upon the alloy development and evaluation programs that have been carried out in Europe and Japan. Those programs have identified ferritic steels capable of meeting the strength requirements of USC plants up to approximately 620 C (1150 F) and nickel-based alloys suitable up to 700 C (1300 F). In this project, the maximum temperature capabilities of these and other available high-temperature alloys are being assessed to provide a basis for materials selection and application under a range of …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Viswanathan, R.; Coleman, K.; Shingledecker, J.; Sarver, J.; Stanko, G.; Borden, M. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Brand (Abilene, Tex.), Vol. 94, No. 1, Ed. 1, Tuesday, January 31, 2006
Weekly student newspaper from Hardin-Simmons University in Abilene, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
BSE (“Mad Cow Disease”): A Brief Overview
This report provides background on appearance of BSE(bovine spongiform encephalopathy or "mad cow disease") in North America.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The c/a Ratio in Quenched Fe-C and Fe-N steels - a Heuristic Story
The body-centered tetragonal (BCT) structure in quenched Fe-C steels is usually illustrated to show a linear change in the c and a axes with an increase in carbon content from 0 to 1.4%C. The work of Campbell and Fink, however, shows that this continuous linear relationship is not correct. Rather, it was shown that the body-centered-cubic (BCC) structure is the stable structure from 0 to 0.6 wt%C with the c/a ratio equal to unity. An abrupt change in the c/a ratio to 1.02 occurs at 0.6 wt%C. The BCT structure forms, and the c/a ratio increases with further increase in carbon content. An identical observation is noted in quenched Fe-N steels. This discontinuity is explained by a change in the transformation process. It is proposed that a two-step transformation process occurs in the low carbon region, with the FCC first transforming to HCP and then from HCP to BCC. In the high carbon region, the FCC structure transforms to the BCT structure. The results are explained with the Engel-Brewer theory of valence and crystal structure of the elements. An understanding of the strength of quenched iron-carbon steels plays a key role in the proposed explanation of the c/a anomaly based …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Sherby, O; Wadsworth, J; Lesuer, D & Syn, C
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Causes of Ocean Surface temperature Changes in Atlantic andPacific Topical Cyclogenesis Regions
Previous research has identified links between changes in sea surface temperature (SST) and hurricane intensity. We use climate models to study the possible causes of SST changes in Atlantic and Pacific tropical cyclogenesis regions. The observed SST increases in these regions range from 0.32 to 0.67 C over the 20th century. The 22 climate models examined here suggest that century-timescale SST changes of this magnitude cannot be explained solely by unforced variability of the climate system, even under conservative assumptions regarding the magnitude of this variability. Model simulations that include external forcing by combined anthropogenic and natural factors are generally capable of replicating observed SST changes in both tropical cyclogenesis regions.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Santer, B. D.; Wigley, T. M. L.; Gleckler, P. J.; Bonfils, C.; Wehner, M. F.; AchutaRao, K. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues
Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances the national interest in reducing the role of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and missiles that could deliver them. China has taken some steps to mollify U.S. concerns about its role in weapons proliferation. Skeptics question whether China's cooperation in weapons nonproliferation has warranted President Bush's pursuit of stronger bilateral ties. This report discusses the national security problem of China's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response, including legislation, since the mid-1990s.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China’s Space Program: An Overview
This report gives an overview of China's Space and the contents include China's SPace Launch Activities, funding programs, military space activities, and international cooperation.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Smith, Marcia S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Compatibility of Space Nuclear Power Plant Materials in an Inert He/Xe Working Gas Containing Reactive Impurities
A major materials selection and qualification issue identified in the Space Materials Plan is the potential for creating materials compatibility problems by combining dissimilar reactor core, Brayton Unit and other power conversion plant materials in a recirculating, inert He/Xe gas loop containing reactive impurity gases. Reported here are results of equilibrium thermochemical analyses that address the compatibility of space nuclear power plant (SNPP) materials in high temperature impure He gas environments. These studies provide early information regarding the constraints that exist for SNPP materials selection and provide guidance for establishing test objectives and environments for SNPP materials qualification testing.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Hall, MM
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Crack growth rates of irradiated austenitic stainless steel weld heat affected zone in BWR environments.
Austenitic stainless steels (SSs) are used extensively as structural alloys in the internal components of reactor pressure vessels because of their superior fracture toughness. However, exposure to high levels of neutron irradiation for extended periods can exacerbate the corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of these steels by affecting the material microchemistry, material microstructure, and water chemistry. Experimental data are presented on crack growth rates of the heat affected zone (HAZ) in Types 304L and 304 SS weld specimens before and after they were irradiated to a fluence of 5.0 x 10{sup 20} n/cm{sup 2} (E > 1 MeV) ({approx} 0.75 dpa) at {approx}288 C. Crack growth tests were conducted under cycling loading and long hold time trapezoidal loading in simulated boiling water reactor environments on Type 304L SS HAZ of the H5 weld from the Grand Gulf reactor core shroud and on Type 304 SS HAZ of a laboratory-prepared weld. The effects of material composition, irradiation, and water chemistry on growth rates are discussed.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Chopra, O. K.; Alexandreanu, B.; Gruber, E. E.; Daum, R. S.; Shack, W. J. & Technology, Energy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense Management: Fully Developed Management Framework Needed to Guide Air Force Future Total Force Efforts
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Air Force is in the process of transforming its force to meet today's new and emerging threats. Its "Future Total Force" concept is intended to maximize future capabilities by integrating its active, National Guard, and reserve components to a greater degree. While the Air Force was making force structure decisions and developing its 20-year plan, the Air National Guard embarked on its own "Vanguard" transformation initiative to ensure its role and relevance in the new Air Force. This report discusses (1) the processes and events that surrounded the Air Force's development of its 20-year force structure plan, including the involvement of key stakeholders and the development of the Guard's Vanguard initiative, and (2) the extent to which the Air Force is utilizing key results-oriented management tools to guide its effort to identify new missions for the Air National Guard and integrate active and Guard forces as part of its Future Total Force effort."
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC): An Overview
The Earned Income Tax Credit began in 1975 as a temporary program to return a portion of the Social Security taxes paid by lower-income taxpayers, and was made permanent in 1978. In the 1990s, the program because a major component of federal efforts to reduce poverty, and is now the largest anti-poverty entitlement program. This report contains information on eligibility for the program, credit amount, participation, interaction with other tax provisions, issues, compliance, and more as related to the Earned Income Tax Credit.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Scott, Christine
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Structure on the Storage Characteristics of ManganeseOxide Electrode Materials
Eleven types of manganese-containing electrode materialswere subjected to long-term storage at 55oC in 1M LiPF6 ethylenecarbonate/dimethyl carbonate (EC/DMC) solutions. The amount of manganesedissolution observed depended upon the sample surface area, the averageMn oxidation state, the structure, and substitution levels of themanganese oxide. In some cases, structural changes such as solvateformation were exacerbated by the high temperature storage, andcontributed to capacity fading upon cycling even in the absence ofsignificant Mn dissolution. The most stable materials appear to beTi-substituted tunnel structures and mixed metal layered oxides with Mnin the +4 oxidation state.
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Park, Yong Joon & Doeff, Marca M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Heat Treatment and Formulation on the Phase Composition and Chemical Durability of the EBR-Ll Ceramic Waste Form.
High-level radioactive waste salts generated during the electrometallurgical treatment of spent sodium-bonded nuclear fuel from the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II will be immobilized in a ceramic waste form (CWF). Tests are being conducted to evaluate the suitability of the CWF for disposal in the planned federal high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain. In this report, the results of laboratory tests and analyses conducted to address product consistency and thermal stability issues called out in waste acceptance requirements are presented. The tests measure the impacts of (1) variations in the amounts of salt and binder glass used to make the CWF and (2) heat treatments on the phase composition and chemical durability of the waste form. A series of CWF materials was made to span the ranges of salt and glass contents that could be used during processing: between 5.0 and 15 mass% salt loaded into the zeolite (the nominal salt loading is 10.7%, and the process control range is 10.6 to 11.2 mass%), and between 20 and 30 mass% binder glass mixed with the salt-loaded zeolite (the nominal glass content is 25% and the process control range is 20 to 30 mass%). In another series of tests, samples of two …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Ebert, W. E.; Dietz, N. L. & Janney, D. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhancement of Terrestrial Carbon Sinks through the Reclamation of Abandoned Mined Lands
This project will determine the optimal forest management method to employ for each of the major commercial tree species so that profitability of timber production only or the combination of timber production and carbon sequestration is maximized. The goal of this project is to achieve DOE's long-term cost goal of sequestering carbon at $10 or less per ton. Because the potential of a forest ecosystem to sequester carbon depends on the species, site quality and management regimes utilized, this project will determine how to optimize carbon sequestration by determining how to optimally manage each species, given a range of site qualities and economic variables. This project also will determine the effects of a carbon credit market on the method and profitability of forest management, the cost of sequestering carbon, and the amount of carbon that can be sequestered. Information from this project will be used to produce user-friendly manuals which will contain economic and biological data for each of the species. These manuals will inform landowners and forest managers how to manage forests for timber and/or carbon credits, how to maximize financial returns, how much money can be earned, and how much carbon can be stored. Manuals will be disseminated …
Date:
January 31, 2006
Creator:
Kronrad, Gary
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library