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Empirical Study of Ne in H-Mode Pedestal in DIII-D (open access)

Empirical Study of Ne in H-Mode Pedestal in DIII-D

There is compelling empirical [1] and theoretical [2] evidence that the global confinement of H-mode discharges increases as the pedestal pressure or temperature increases. Therefore, confidence in the performance of future machines requires an ability to predict the pedestal conditions in those machines. At this time, both the theoretical and empirical understanding of transport in the pedestal are incomplete and are inadequate to predict pedestal conditions in present or future machines. Recent empirical results might be evidence of a fundamental relation between the electron temperature T{sub e} and electron density n{sub e} profiles in the pedestal. A data set from the ASDEX-Upgrade tokamak has shown that {eta}{sub e}, the ratio between the scale lengths of the n{sub e} and T{sub e} profiles, exhibits a value of about 2 throughout the pedestal, despite a large range of the actual density and temperature values [3]. Data from the DIII-D tokamak show that over a wide range of pedestal density, the width of the steep gradient region for the T{sub e} profile is about 1-2 times the corresponding width for the n{sub e} profile, where both widths are measured from the plasma edge [4]. Thus, the barrier in the density might form a …
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: . Groebner, R. J.; Osborne, T. H.; Fenstermacher, M. E.; Leonard, A. W.; Mahdavi, M. A.; Snyder, P. B. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Dynamic Response of Thick-Liquid Shielding in Z-IFE Reactors (open access)

The Dynamic Response of Thick-Liquid Shielding in Z-IFE Reactors

A major concern in the design of thick-liquid protected inertial fusion reactors of all types is the dynamic response of the shielding liquid to the pulsed explosions. Induced liquid motion can stress and damage solid chamber structures such as the firstwall. In a z-pinch based inertial fusion (Z-IFE) reactor this issue becomes particularly critical due to the relatively large proposed target yields of several GJ. In this paper we summarize an analysis of the liquid response taking into account ablation of target facing surfaces, pocket venting, and neutron isochoric heating. The impact of varying several reactor parameters is also discussed.
Date: October 5, 2005
Creator: Abbott, R P
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Variability of Ocean Heat Uptake: Reconciling Observations and Models (open access)

Variability of Ocean Heat Uptake: Reconciling Observations and Models

This study examines the temporal variability of ocean heat uptake in observations and in climate models. Previous work suggests that coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (A-OGCMs) may have underestimated the observed natural variability of ocean heat content, particularly on decadal and longer timescales. To address this issue, we rely on observed estimates of heat content from the 2004 World Ocean Atlas (WOA-2004) compiled by Levitus et al. (2005). Given information about the distribution of observations in WOA-2004, we evaluate the effects of sparse observational coverage and the infilling that Levitus et al. use to produce the spatially-complete temperature fields required to compute heat content variations. We first show that in ocean basins with limited observational coverage, there are important differences between ocean temperature variability estimated from observed and infilled portions of the basin. We then employ data from control simulations performed with eight different A-OGCMs as a test-bed for studying the effects of sparse, space- and time-varying observational coverage. Subsampling model data with actual observational coverage has a large impact on the inferred temperature variability in the top 300 and 3000 meters of the ocean. This arises from changes in both sampling depth and in the geographical areas sampled. Our …
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: AchutaRao, K. M.; Santer, B. D.; Gleckler, P. J.; Taylor, K.; Pierce, D.; Barnett, T. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Seeing the Nature of the Accelerating Physics: It's a SNAP (open access)

Seeing the Nature of the Accelerating Physics: It's a SNAP

For true insight into the nature of dark energy, measurements of the precision and accuracy of the Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) are required. Precursor or scaled-down experiments are unavoidably limited, even for distinguishing the cosmological constant. They can pave the way for, but should not delay, SNAP by developing calibration, refinement, and systematics control (and they will also provide important, exciting astrophysics).
Date: August 5, 2005
Creator: Albert, J.; Aldering, G.; Allam, S.; Althouse, W.; Amanullah, R.; Annis, J. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The SPARX Project: R & D Activity Towards X-Rays FEL Sources (open access)

The SPARX Project: R & D Activity Towards X-Rays FEL Sources

SPARX is an evolutionary project proposed by a collaboration among ENEA-INFN-CNR-Universita di Roma Tor Vergata aiming at the construction of a FELSASE X-ray source in the Tor Vergata Campus. The first phase of the SPARX project, funded by Government Agencies, will be focused on R&D activity on critical components and techniques for future X-ray facilities as described in this paper.
Date: August 5, 2005
Creator: Alesini, D.; Bellaveglia, M.; Bertolucci, S.; Biagini, M. E.; Boni, R.; Boscolo, M. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 5, 2005 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 5, 2005

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Low Mach Number Modeling of Type Ia Supernovae (open access)

Low Mach Number Modeling of Type Ia Supernovae

We introduce a low Mach number equation set for the large-scale numerical simulation of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs experiencing a thermonuclear deflagration. Since most of the interesting physics in a Type Ia supernova transpires at Mach numbers from 0.01 to 0.1, such an approach enables both a considerable increase in accuracy and savings in computer time compared with frequently used compressible codes. Our equation set is derived from the fully compressible equations using low Mach number asymptotics, but without any restriction on the size of perturbations in density or temperature. Comparisons with simulations that use the fully compressible equations validate the low Mach number model in regimes where both are applicable. Comparisons to simulations based on the more traditional an elastic approximation also demonstrate the agreement of these models in the regime for which the anelastic approximation is valid. For low Mach number flows with potentially finite amplitude variations in density and temperature, the low Mach number model overcomes the limitations of each of the more traditional models and can serve as the basis for an accurate and efficient simulation tool.
Date: August 5, 2005
Creator: Almgren, Ann S.; Bell, John B.; Rendleman, Charles A. & Zingale,Michael
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tracing the Fate of Enhanced Organic Carbon Production during a Southern Ocean Fe Fertilization Experiment using Natural Variations in Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition (open access)

Tracing the Fate of Enhanced Organic Carbon Production during a Southern Ocean Fe Fertilization Experiment using Natural Variations in Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition

This project focused on the N and C natural stable isotope response during SOFeX--a purposeful iron (Fe) addition experiment in the Fe limited Southern Ocean. One purpose of the study was to determine if relief of phytoplankton Fe stress would increase productivity sufficiently to enhance C export from surface to deep waters. We proposed that N and C stable isotopes would be useful for tracing this export. Iron was added to waters north and south of the Antarctic Polar Front in waters to the southwest of New Zealand. While both sites have high-nutrient, low chlorophyll conditions (HNLC) typical of Fe limitation, [SiO4] a required nutrient for diatoms was low at the northerly site and high at the southern location. The most extensive coverage occurred at the southern site. Here, FeSO4 was added four different times over an {approx}two week period. We found that: (1) Particulate organic nitrogen and carbon in the mixed layer increased by a factor of 2-3 in response to the Fe addition in the southern patch. (2) PN accumulation and NO3- drawdown were both 1-2 {micro}M during the occupation of the bloom, suggesting retention of particulates within the mixed layer of the southern patch. (3) {sub 15}N …
Date: February 5, 2005
Creator: Altabet, M.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 232, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 232, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 4, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 4, Ed. 1 Tuesday, April 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 55, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 55, Ed. 1 Sunday, June 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 80, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 80, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 107, Ed. 1 Friday, August 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 107, Ed. 1 Friday, August 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 133, Ed. 1 Monday, September 5, 2005 (open access)

Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 107, No. 133, Ed. 1 Monday, September 5, 2005

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: September 5, 2005
Creator: Andrews, Mike
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Nanotube-based gas sensors - role of structural defects (open access)

Nanotube-based gas sensors - role of structural defects

Existing theoretical literature suggests that defect-free, pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) interact weakly with many gas molecules like H{sub 2}O, CO, NH{sub 3}, H{sub 2}, and so on. The case of NH{sub 3} is particularly intriguing because this is in disagreement with experimentally observed changes in electrical conductance of CNTs upon exposure to these gases. In order to explain such discrepancy, we have carried out Density Functional Theory (DFT) investigations of the role of common atomistic defects in CNT (Stone-Wales, monovacancy, and interstitial) on the chemisorption of NH{sub 3}. Computed binding energies, charge transfer, dissociation barriers, and vibrational modes are compared with existing experimental results on electrical conductance, thermal desorption and infrared spectroscopy.
Date: May 5, 2005
Creator: Andzelm, J; Govind, N & Maiti, A
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Surface industrial Hvac  system description document. (open access)

Surface industrial Hvac system description document.

The purpose of this system description document (SDD) is to establish requirements that drive the design of the surface industrial heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system and its bases to allow the design effort to proceed to license application. This SDD will be revised at strategic points as the design matures. This SDD identifies the requirements and describes the system design, as it currently exists, with emphasis on attributes of the design provided to meet the requirements. This SDD is an engineering tool for design control; accordingly, the primary audience and users are design engineers. This SDD is part of an iterative design process. It leads the design process with regard to the flowdown of upper tier requirements onto the system. Knowledge of these requirements is essential to performing the design process. The SDD follows the design with regard to the description of the system. The description that provided in this SDD reflects the current results of the design process.
Date: April 5, 2005
Creator: Ansari, M. M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Analysis of Changes Made by P.L. 108-446 (open access)

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Analysis of Changes Made by P.L. 108-446

This report discusses the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA — 20 U.S.C. §1400 et seq.), which is both a grants statute and a civil rights statute. It provides federal funding for the education of children with disabilities and requires, as a condition for the receipt of such funds, the provision of a free appropriate public education (FAPE). The statute also contains detailed due process provisions to ensure the provision of FAPE. Originally enacted in 1975, the act responded to increased awareness of the need to educate children with disabilities, and to judicial decisions requiring that states provide an education for children with disabilities if they provided an education for children without disabilities.
Date: January 5, 2005
Creator: Apling, Richard N. & Jones, Nancy Lee
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Science & Technology Review May 2005 (open access)

Science & Technology Review May 2005

Articles in this month's issue include: (1) Einstein's Legacy Alive at Livermore--Commentary by Michael R. Anastasio; (2) Applying Einstein's Theories of Relativity--In their efforts to understand the cosmos, Livermore physicists must account for the relativistic effects postulated by Albert Einstein; (3) Locked in Rock: Sequestering Carbon Dioxide Underground--Livermore scientists are examining technologies to reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide by burying it deep underground; (4) Modeling the Subsurface Movement of Radionuclides--Using data from past underground nuclear tests, a Livermore team is modeling radionuclide migration at the Nevada Test Site; and (5) Novel Materials from Solgel Chemistry--Livermore chemists are developing a method for fabricating solgels to better control the physical properties of the new materials.
Date: April 5, 2005
Creator: Aufderheide, M B
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Radiological Scoping Survey of the Scotia Depot Scotia, New York (open access)

Radiological Scoping Survey of the Scotia Depot Scotia, New York

At the request of the Defense Logistics Agency, the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education conducted radiological scoping surveys of the Scotia Depot during the period of September 24 through 27, 2007. The scoping survey included visual inspections and limited radiological surveys performed in accordance with area classification that included surface scans, total and removable activity measurements, and soil sampling.
Date: February 5, 2005
Creator: Bailey, E. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Distributed Energy Resources at Naval Base Ventura County Building 1512: A Sensitivity Analysis (open access)

Distributed Energy Resources at Naval Base Ventura County Building 1512: A Sensitivity Analysis

This report is the second of a two-part study by BerkeleyLab of a DER (distributed energy resources) system at Navy Base VenturaCounty (NBVC). First, a preliminary assessment ofthe cost effectivenessof distributed energy resources at Naval Base Ventura County (NBVC)Building 1512 was conducted in response to the base s request for designassistance to the Federal Energy Management Program (Bailey and Marnay,2004). That report contains a detailed description of the site and theDER-CAM (Consumer Adoption Model) parameters used. This second reportcontains sensitivity analyses of key parameters in the DER system modelof Building 1512 at NBVC and additionally considers the potential forabsorption-powered refrigeration.The prior analysis found that under thecurrent tariffs, and given assumptions about the performance andstructure of building energy loads and available generating technologycharacteristics, installing a 600 kW DER system with absorption coolingand recovery heat capabilities could deliver cost savings of about 14percent, worth $55,000 per year. However, under current conditions, thisstudy also suggested that significant savings could be obtained ifBuilding 1512 changed from its current direct access contract to a SCETOU-8 (Southern California Edison time of use tariff number 8) ratewithout installing a DER system. Evaluated on this tariff, the potentialsavings from installation of a DER system would be about 4 …
Date: June 5, 2005
Creator: Bailey, Owen C. & Marnay, Chris
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Capital Punishment: An Overview of Federal Death Penalty Statutes (open access)

Capital Punishment: An Overview of Federal Death Penalty Statutes

With the passage of P.L. 103-322, the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, the federal death penalty became available as a possible punishment for a substantial number of new and existing civilian offenses. On April 24, 1996, the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 made further modifications and additions to the list of federal capital crimes. On June 25, 2002, P.L. 107-197, the Terrorist Bombings Convention Implementation Act of 2002, added another capital crime to the United States Code. The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, P.L. 108-458, enacted December 17, 2004, included provisions which impacted or expanded some of the existing death penalty provisions. This report lists the current federal capital offenses and summarizes the procedures for federal civilian death penalty cases.
Date: January 5, 2005
Creator: Bazan, Elizabeth B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Stafford Act Disaster Assistance: Presidential Declarations, Eligible Activities, and Funding (open access)

Federal Stafford Act Disaster Assistance: Presidential Declarations, Eligible Activities, and Funding

This report provides information about the Presidential Declarations, Eligible Activities, and Funding on Federal Stafford Act Disaster Assistance. Congress appropriates money to DRF for disaster assistance authorized by the Stafford Act, which is administered by FEMA.
Date: September 5, 2005
Creator: Bea, Keith
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Grandview Tribune (Grandview, Tex.), Vol. 110, No. 47, Ed. 1 Friday, August 5, 2005 (open access)

The Grandview Tribune (Grandview, Tex.), Vol. 110, No. 47, Ed. 1 Friday, August 5, 2005

Weekly newspaper from Grandview, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 5, 2005
Creator: Beck-Adams, Candie
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History