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413 Matching Results
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Waste form development and characterization in pyrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel.
Electrometallurgical treatment is a compact, inexpensive method that is being developed at Argonne National Laboratory to deal with spent nuclear fuel, primarily metallic and oxide fuels. In this method, metallic nuclear fuel constituents are electrorefined in a molten salt to separate uranium from the rest of the spent fuel. Oxide and other fuels are subjected to appropriate head end steps to convert them to metallic form prior to electrorefining. The treatment process generates two kinds of high-level waste--a metallic and a ceramic waste. Isolation of these wastes has been developed as an integral part of the process. The wastes arise directly from the electrorefiner, and waste streams do not contain large quantities of solvent or other process fluids. Consequently, waste volumes are small and waste isolation processes can be compact and rapid. This paper briefly summarizes waste isolation processes then describes development and characterization of the two waste forms in more detail.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Ackerman, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank waste information network system II (TWINS2) year 2000 compliance assurance plan
The scope of this plan includes the Tank Waste Information Network System II (TWINS2) that contains the following major components: Tank Characterization Database (TCD), Tank Vapor Database (TVD), Data Source Access (DSA), automated Tank Characterization Report, Best-Basis Inventory Model (BBIM), and Tracker (corrective action tracking) function. The automated Tank Characterization Report application currently in development also will reside on-the TWINS system as will the BBIM. Critical inputs to TWINS occur from the following databases: Labcore and SACS. Output does not occur from TWINS to these two databases.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Adams, M.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of the high-j states in {sup 249}Cm.
The authors have performed the reaction {sup 248}Cm({sup 4}He, {sup 3}He) using 98.5-MeV alpha particles from the IUCF cyclotron to populate high-j states in {sup 249}Cm. A tentative assignment of the K{sub 17/2} component of the 1/2{sup +}[880] Nilsson state has been made.
Date:
July 16, 1998
Creator:
Ahmad, I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Large-Signal Injection-Level Spectroscopy of Impurities in Silicon
Deep level defects in silicon are identified by measuring the recombination lifetime as a function of the injection level. The basic models for recombination at deep and shallow centers is developed. The defect used for the theoretical model is the well-known interstitial Fe ion in silicon. Data are presented on silicon samples ranging in defect content from intentionally Fe-doped samples to an ultra-pure float-zone grown sample. These data are analyzed in terms of the injection-level spectroscopy model.
Date:
October 16, 1998
Creator:
Ahrenkiel, R. K. & Johnston, S. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HAPs-Rx: Precombustion Removal of Hazardous Air Pollutant Precursors
CQ Inc. and its project team members--Howard University, PrepTech Inc., Fossil Fuel Sciences, the United States Geological Survey (USGS), and industry advisors--are applying mature coal cleaning and scientific principles to the new purpose of removing potentially hazardous air pollutants from coal. The team uniquely combines mineral processing, chemical engineering, and geochemical expertise. This project meets more than 11 goals of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the National Energy Strategy, and the 1993 Climate Change Action Plan. During this project: (1) Equations were developed to predict the concentration of trace elements in as-mined and cleaned coals. These equations, which address both conventional and advanced cleaning processes, can be used to increase the removal of hazardous air pollutant precursors (HAPs) by existing cleaning plants and to improve the design of new cleaning plants. (2) A promising chemical method of removing mercury and other HAPs was developed. At bench-scale, mercury reductions of over 50 percent were achieved on coal that had already been cleaned by froth flotation. The processing cost of this technology is projected to be less than $3.00 per ton ($3.30 per tonne). (3) Projections were made of the average trace element concentration in cleaning plant solid waste streams from …
Date:
March 16, 1998
Creator:
Akers, David J. & Raleigh, Clifford E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 25, Ed. 1 Wednesday, September 16, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
September 16, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 46, Ed. 1 Friday, October 16, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
October 16, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 67, Ed. 1 Monday, November 16, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
November 16, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Radiological background levels found on glass fiber filters used for low-level environmental surveillance air sampling
Environmental surveillance of low-level radioactive particles in air requires a thorough understanding of low-level techniques and air sample collection media. High-volume air sampling for radioactive particles around Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) employs glass-fiber filters that are analyzed for gross alpha and gross beta activity and for specific isotopes. This study was conducted to determine the activities of radionuclides contained in blank glass-fiber filters. Data from this study provided a partial explanation of differences between current reported concentrations of radionuclides in air and those reported historically when cellulose filters were used in the LLNL monitoring effort.
Date:
September 16, 1998
Creator:
Althouse, P. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bigplate: an oblique angle explosive EOS test
Bigplate is an advanced explosive equation of state (EOS) test. It consists of a point detonator driving a large disc (100 mm radius) of explosive, which pushes a 0.5 mm thick copper or tantalum plate. The plate is observed by a five-beam Fabry-Perot interferometer, which has beams at 0, 10, 20,40 and 80 mm on the plate. A short Fabry gives the jump-off to high accuracy; a long Fabry runs out to I0-15 microsec. A detailed error analysis is given, with the final velocity measurements considered good to ±0.066 mm/microsec. Jump-offs are measured to 0.01-0.02 microsec. Spall is seen in all shots, which creates a time delay on both the first and second velocity plateaus. A 0.1 microsec delay in jump-off of unknown origin is also seen at 80 mm. In order of decreasing explosive ideality, the explosives tired have been LX-14, LX-04 and LX-17. To partially negate the time delays, the data and code runs are overlaid at each radial position between the first and second plateaus. Traditional JWL's model LX-14 and LX-04 within accuracy, but not so for LX-17. The spall may be partly modeled using the pmin model but high resolution zoning is required. At longer times, …
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Anderson, S; Avara, R; Fried, L; Janzen, J; McGuire, E; Souers, P C et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE, EMF (CELLS)
The voltage or electric potential difference across the terminals of a cell when no current is drawn from it. The emf of a cell is the sum of the electric potential differences (PDs) produced by a separation of charges (electrons or ions) that can occur at each phase boundary (or interface) in the cell. The magnitude of each PD depends on the chemical nature of the two contacting phases. Thus, at the interface between two different metals, some electrons will have moved from the metal with a higher free energy of electrons to the metal with a lower free energy of electrons. The resultant charge separation will produce a PD (just as charge separation produces a voltage across a capacitor) that, at equilibrium, exactly opposes further electron flow. Similarly, PDs can be produced when electrons partition across a metal/solution interface or metal/solid interface, and when ions partition across a solution/membrane/solution interface.
Date:
September 16, 1998
Creator:
Archer, M. D. & Feldberg, S. W.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 16, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Armstrong, Sonny
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Archer County News (Archer City, Tex.), No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 16, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Archer City, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 16, 1998
Creator:
Armstrong, Sonny
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Enzyme catalysts for a biotechnology-based chemical industry. Final report, September 29, 1993--September 28, 1998
Enzymes have enormous potential for reducing energy requirements and environmental problems in the chemicals and pharmaceutical industries. The explosion of tools that has come out of molecular biology during the last 20 years has made it possible to evolve enzymes for features never required in nature. Scientists can speed up the rate and channel the direction of evolution by controlling mutagenesis and the accompanying selection pressures. Darwinian evolution carried out in the test tube offers a unique opportunity for biotechnology: the ability to tailor enzymes for optimal performance in a wide range of applications. Thus it is possible, for example, to evolve enzymes that carry out reactions on nonnatural substrates or even to carry out reactions for which there is no counterpart in nature. Due to the vast size of the potential sequence space, however, explorations by directed evolution must be guided by sound principles and workable strategies. During the course of this group, this laboratory has continued to make significant progress in the evolution of industrial enzymes as well as in developing general methods for in vitro evolution.
Date:
November 16, 1998
Creator:
Arnold, F.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. second line of defense: preventing nuclear smuggling across Russia's borders
Preventing the theft of weapons-usable highly enriched uranium and plutonium in Russia is one of the central security concerns facing the US today. The dissolution of the highly centralized USSR and the resulting societal crisis has endangered Russia's ability to protect its more than 200 metric tons of plutonium and 1000 tons of highly enriched uranium (roughly 8 kg Pu or 25 kg HEU is sufficient to make a bomb). Producing this fissile material is the most difficult and expensive part of nuclear weapons production and the US must make every effort to ensure that fissile material (and nuclear-related technologies) does not reach the hands of terrorist groups, rogue states or other potential proliferators. In response to this concern, the US has undertaken a number of initiatives in partnership with Russia and other FSU states to prevent the theft of fissile material. The Material Protection, Control and Accounting Program (MPC&A) was begun in 1993 to prevent the theft of nuclear materials from Russian civilian complexes, that is facilities not under control of the Ministry of Defense, which is largely responsible for possession and oversight of nuclear weapons. The MPC&A program is considered the first line of defense against theft of …
Date:
November 16, 1998
Creator:
Ball, D. Y.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
News Bulletin (Castroville, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 16, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 16, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Castroville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Barnes, Thomas
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
News Bulletin (Castroville, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 29, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 16, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Castroville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
July 16, 1998
Creator:
Barnes, Thomas
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Marmaduke Bayne, July 16, 1998
The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Marmaduke Bayne. Bayne received his commission in the Navy Reserve after finishing university in 1942. His first assignment was aboard the USS YP-429 before going aboard USS YP-61 as the executive officer. Then, he went for submarine training before going aboard the USS Becuna (SS-319) and making three war patrols in the Pacific with her. Toward the end of the war, he served aboard the USS Bergall (SS-320). After the war, Bayne applied for the Regular Navy and continued to serve aboard and around submarines. He retired as a vice admiral in 1977.
Date:
July 16, 1998
Creator:
Bayne, Marmaduke
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Estimates of frequency-dependent compressibility from a quasistatic double-porosity model
Gassmann's relationship between the drained and undrained bulk modulus of a porous medium is often used to relate the dry bulk modulus to the saturated bulk modulus for elastic waves, because the compressibility of air is considered so high that the dry rock behaves in a drained fashion and the frequency of elastic waves is considered so high that the saturated rock behaves in an undrained fashion. The bulk modulus calculated from ultrasonic velocities, however, often does not match the Gassmann prediction. Mavko and Jizba examined how local flow effects and unequilibrated pore pressures can lead to greater stiffnesses. Their conceptual model consists of a distribution of porosities obtained from the strain-versus-confining-pressure behavior. Stiff pores that close at higher confining pressures are considered to remain undrained (unrelaxed) while soft pores drain even for high-frequency stress changes. If the pore shape distribution is bimodal, then the rock approximately satisfies the assumptions of a double-porosity, poroelastic material. Berryman and Wang [1995] established linear constitutive equations and identified four different time scales of ow behavior: (1) totally drained, (2) soft pores are drained but stiff pores are undrained, (3) soft and stiff pores are locally equilibrated, but undrained beyond the grain scale, and …
Date:
September 16, 1998
Creator:
Berryman, J. G. & Wang, H. F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ARIES segmented gamma-ray scanner user manual
The segmented gamma-ray scatter (SGS) designated as Win{_}SGS at the Los Alamos Plutonium Facility has been installed and is intended for use in quantifying the radioisotope content of DOE-STD-3013-96 equivalent containers. The SGS features new software written in C and a new user interface that runs under Microsoft Windows{trademark}. The operation of the ARIES Segmented Gamma-ray Scanner is documented in this manual. It covers user instructions as well as hardware and software details. Additional information is found in the documentation for the commercially available components and modules that compose the SGS. The objective of the ARIES project is to demonstrate technology to dismantle plutonium pits from excess nuclear weapons, convert the plutonium to a metal ingot or an oxide powder, package the metal or oxide, and verify the contents of the package by nondestructive assay.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Biddle, R. S.; Sheppard, G. A. & Schneider, C. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Methodology for Determining Increases in Radionuclide Inventories for the Effluent Treatment Facility Process
A study is currently underway to determine if the Effluent Treatment Facility can be downgraded from a Hazard Category 3 facility to a Radiological Facility per DOE STD-1027-92. This technical report provides a methodology to determine and monitor increases in the radionuclide inventories of the ETF process columns. It also provides guidelines to ensure that other potential increases to the ETF radionuclide inventory are evaluated as required to ensure that the ETF remains a Radiological Facility.
Date:
October 16, 1998
Creator:
Blanchard, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A universal postprocessing toolkit for accelerator simulation and data analysis.
The Self-Describing Data Sets (SDDS) toolkit comprises about 70 generally-applicable programs sharing a common data protocol. At the Advanced Photon Source (APS), SDDS performs the vast majority of operational data collection and processing, most data display functions, and many control functions. In addition, a number of accelerator simulation codes use SDDS for all post-processing and data display. This has three principle advantages: first, simulation codes need not provide customized post-processing tools, thus simplifying development and maintenance. Second, users can enhance code capabilities without changing the code itself, by adding SDDS-based pre- and post-processing. Third, multiple codes can be used together more easily, by employing SDDS for data transfer and adaptation. Given its broad applicability, the SDDS file protocol is surprisingly simple, making it quite easy for simulations to generate SDDS-compliant data. This paper discusses the philosophy behind SDDS, contrasting it with some recent trends, and outlines the capabilities of the toolkit. The paper also gives examples of using SDDS for accelerator simulation.
Date:
December 16, 1998
Creator:
Borland, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Operational test report -- Project W-320 cathodic protection systems
Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 173-303-640 specifies that corrosion protection must be designed into tank systems that treat or store dangerous wastes. Project W-320, Waste Retrieval Sluicing System (WRSS), utilizes underground encased waste transfer piping between tanks 241-C-106 and 241-AY-102. Corrosion protection is afforded to the encasements of the WRSS waste transfer piping through the application of earthen ionic currents onto the surface of the piping encasements. Cathodic protection is used in conjunction with the protective coatings that are applied upon the WRSS encasement piping. WRSS installed two new two rectifier systems (46 and 47) and modified one rectifier system (31). WAC 173-303-640 specifies that the proper operation of cathodic protection systems must be confirmed within six months after initial installation. The WRSS cathodic protection systems were energized to begin continuous operation on 5/5/98. Sixteen days after the initial steady-state start-up of the WRSS rectifier systems, the operational testing was accomplished with procedure OTP-320-006 Rev/Mod A-0. This operational test report documents the OTP-320-006 results and documents the results of configuration testing of integrated piping and rectifier systems associated with the W-320 cathodic protection systems.
Date:
June 16, 1998
Creator:
Bowman, T.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Goldthwaite Eagle (Goldthwaite, Tex.), Vol. 104, No. 38, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 16, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Goldthwaite, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
April 16, 1998
Creator:
Bridges, G. Frank & Bridges, Georgie
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History