"The problem of radiation derange to the walls of two types of vacuum chamber for the 6 Bev Cambridge Electron Accelerator was studied. Radiation damage may arise from the synchrotron radiation and from electrons which are not accepted at injection. The synchrotron radiation produces a large amount of secondary x radiation which is isotropic, and therefore complicates the arrangement of internal shielding. The 20 Mev electrons from the lines cannot be attenuated by shielding. It is concluded that dosages of the order of 10/sup 7/ rad/day near the inflector are unavoidable. This would exceed the allowable dosage for a tube made by cementing a stainless steel liner to supporting ribs, and also exceed the test dosages (so far as we know) for alumina ceramics."

The report includes summary reports in five areas (1) High-speed computer program, (2) Mathematical methods, (3) ILLIAC use and operations, (4) IBM 650 use and operation, and (5) General laboratory information.

The objectives of this research program are to determine bond strength under dynamic loading, to compare bond strengths under static and dynamic loading, and to test the adequacy of ACI Building Code bond requirements for structural elements subjected to blast loads. The tests have shown that local static bond strengths may be as high as 0.75 fc and that under dynamic loading this strength increases to fc. For all practical lengths of embedment of bars, steel failure is to be expected both under static and dynamic loading. Such bars loaded dynamically will carry a larger load than bards loaded statically, this increase in load carrying capacity of bars being sole due to the increase of steel strength under dynamic loading.

The potential to kinetic energy conversion process in the lower stratosphere is evaluated using adiabatically derived vertical velocities for the North American region for a five-day period. Preliminary results suggest the possibility that on the average the kinetic energy of stratospheric motions may not result from a conversion of potential energy within the stratosphere. The further implication is that stratospheric motions are mechanically driven by the motions in the adjacent layers of the atmosphere.

The ideal gas thermodynamic functions were computed at various temperatures in the temperature range from 300 degree to 6000 degree Kelvin for some of the molecular species of interest in detonation performance calculations. The molecular species are composed of the atoms chosen from among the following: Al, B, Be, C, Cl, F, H, Li, Mg, N, and O. The method of least squares was used to determine the parameters of a cubic equation which expresses the dependence of these thermodynamic functions on temperature.

The error that results when it is attempted to evaluate stress from a reading taken on a single element SR-4 strain gage in a biaxial stress field is discussed. A method is presented for relating SR-4 rosette strain gage readings directly to the biaxial stress state without the necessity of first converting strain gage readings to true strains. Correction formulas are presented for use when single element SR-4 gages are used as rosette elements or as stress gages.

This note is concerned with the numerical integration of the integrals of the form anti l*SUB infinity/*SUP infinity/ f(x) *phi/(x) dx is "smooth."

Information concerning the transformation kinetics of the gamma solid solution of uranium-base alloys is important. Accordingly, the metastability of the gamma phase was investigated for nine uranium-rich alloys of the U-Mo-Pt, U-Mo-Nb, and U-Nb systems. Samples were encapsulated in Vycor bulbs, solutions treated at 1000 decrees or 1050 degrees C, quenched to and annealed at temperatures between 600 degrees and 300 degrees C. Techniques employed to follow transformation included metallography, resistivity, X-ray diffraction and hardness. A difference exists between the TTT curves for the same alloy determined by different techniques. However, this is readily explained. The body-centered cubic gamma phase of the U-Mo and U-Mo-X alloys decomposes eutectoidally to form alpha and epsilon, an ordered structure. The eutectoid temperate is about 575 degrees C in the binary system. In the U-Nb system the gamma solid solution decomposes monometrically (or eutectoidally) to a product of alpha and another niobium-rich gamma phase. Alpha uranium has characteristic low solubility for either of the alloy components. The nose of the TTT curves for the U-5.1 wt % Mo and U-10 wt % Nb compositions exists at about 550 degrees C and 0.1 hour. Minimum times for transformation are longer for the other alloys. Rather …

A membrane demineralizer has been tested in a pressurized loop. The loop water resistivity was maintained in the 1-2 megohm range by ionized solid transfer in the demineralizer. The size and power requirement of the unit tested per gpm flow through the unit, were 2.3 cu ft and 100 watts. In view of the fact that present designed could reduce the size and required maintenance, further studies may be warranted.

Twelve neutron activation analyses for naturally occurring technetium-98 were performed. Positive results were obtained in ten cases. Precautions were taken to avoid interference by molybdenum and technetium-99. the cross section for the reaction [formula] as found to be equal to 4 +- 2 mb for the neutron spectrum of the vertical thimbles of the Argonne CP-5 reactor. The chemical state of molybdenum (VI) in basic solution was studied by an anion-exchange technique. Evidence was obtained for the existence of polymeric species at pH-values up to 14. Preliminary work on the stability of Domax-1 anion exchange resin in perchlorate media indicates rapid deterioration even at 0.2F ClO4-.

The present experiment was undertaken as an attempt to throw more light on the decay processes that had been observed prior to the summer of 1952, as well as to investigate any new decay processes that might manifest themselves. The source of high energy primary particles was to be the cosmic ray beam, so a detector of locally produced high energy penetration showers was used. In order to be able to detect effectively low energy photons and low energy secondaries from particles reaching the end of their range in the chamber, thin lead plates (1/4") were used in the chamber.

The Grüneisen constant, as evaluated from the equation of state, is obtained for an Einstein solid. the presence of a state of finite hydrostatic pressure is taken into account explicitly by means of Murnaghan's theory of finite strain, to obtain the Grüneisen parameter's on the Debye and Einstein models. Results are identical in the two cases with the corresponding values obtained without use of the formal theory of finite strain.

Progress is reported in studies on (1) injection tables, (2) radon escape from bone containing radium, (3) on the question of th228 translocation in Ra228 dogs, (4) further studies on the metabolism of Th228 and its daughters, (5) veterinary group report, (6) hematology observations, (7) biochemistry, (8) pathology and detailed radioautography report, (9) radioautographic studies of Pu and RdTh teeth, (10) effect of parathormone on the deposition of Pu in rats, (11) speculation on the toxicity of RdTh and MeTh relative to radium, (12) autoradiographic and histopathologic studies of beagle puppies administered intravenously with Sr90, (13) plasma Fe study, and (14) Cr51 tagging RBC study.

The development of nuclear reactors and other sources of nuclear particles has provided the analyst with a new method which has been successfully applied to the determination of microgram and even submicrogram quantities of many elements. In this method, known as "radioactivation analysis," the element to be determined is "activated" through some type of nuclear reaction which produces a radioactive isotope of the element. Since the radioisotope produced decays with its own characteristic radiation and half-life, it is possible, through radiochemical measurements following radioactivation, to devise a method of analysis which is very specific for particular elements. Whenever necessary, the radioisotope is separated by chemical means and its radioactivity is then measured by some type of radiation counter.

The solution of the monoenergetic Boltzmann equation in an infinite homogeneous, nonmultiplying medium with linearly anisotropic scattering and an isotropic plane source is given and compared with the corresponding solution for isotropic scattering. The effective source strength for the asymptotic flux turns out to be the same as that for isotropic scattering to first order in Σa/Σ.

The ORNL analog computer was used to simulate four widely different experiment conditions in the small EGCR in-pile loops. Various control and safety systems were evaluated in each case. Curves are included which show the response to postulated accidents and component failures. The results indicate that one standard control and safety system will probably be adequate for a wide variety of test conditions.

An investigation is made to determine the adequacy of presently used analog circuits in solving dynamic fluid flow heat transfer equations. A mathematical analysis is made of dynamic heat transfer in pipes with zero losses, with losses proportional to pip temperature, and with heat inputs. The results of this analysis are compared with analog results by means of generalized temperature versus time graphs. The analog circuit is found to be adequate for most conditions, but sometimes requires modification when heat inputs are considered.

An approximation is derived for the time constant which characterizes the rate of energy loss of fast ions moving through a plasma. Using particle and energy-balance equations a simple approximate criterion is derived for the estimation of the importance of energy degradation during plasma buildup in a DCX type machine. Next, there is derived the steady-state ion energy distribution for a case in which energy losses are to electrons at a given temperature and particle losses are by charge exchange. The distribution function is used to compute loss rate, upper critical current, ionization rate, and other functions of interest. Quantitative application is made to DCX-2 under various conditions of operation of carbon and deuterium arcs.

The use of the DD^3 amplifier with the RIDL 200- and 400-channel analyzers has been found advantageous for certain applications. In order to use the DD2, certain modifications to the input circuits of the Analog-to Digital Converter Unit are necessary. In addition, the modifications improved the linearity of the analyzer in the low channels. Using the analyzer with the RIDL Type 30-7 Scintillation Pulse Amplifier, it was noted that non-linearity of as much as 5 or 6 channels was present below channel 20. With the modifications made and with the use of the DD2, this non-linearity has been reduced to less than 1/2 channel.

This memorandum presents a description of several additional miscellaneous HRT core maintenance tools, not in an earlier report (1). These tools were used in the removal of the cut up diffuser plates, probing the core wall, gauging the size of the holes, and other simple tasks. Function, design, and operation are described for the following items.

The Model Q-1212C Pulser is a single frequency (60 pps) generator whose output waveform is characterized by a rise-time of less than 4 mµsec and, depending upon the method of termination, an exponential decay having a time constant of 300 or 600µsec. The waveform approximates that produced by a radiation detector. The waveform approximates that produced by a radiation detector. The maximum available output from the instrument is 10 volts, positive or negative polarity, and is continuously adjustable by means of step switches and a 10-turn potentiometer. The potentiometer has a linearity of 0.1%.

A mathematical model is presented for the prediction of heat transfer coefficients for fully developed turbulent flow of fluids in circular pipes by analogy to the transfer of momentum. There is also presented an empirical velocity distribution equation derived from existing experimental data for use in the analogy model. Heat transfer coefficients for fluids with Prandtl numbers ranging from 0.01 to 100 and Reynolds numbers ranging from 5x10^3 to 10^7 are presented in tabular and graphical forms for both the case of constant heat flux at the pipe wall and the case of constant temperature at the pipe wall. The heat transfer coefficients computer in this investigation are compared with existing experimental dat, and a discussion of the parameters affecting the heat transfer characteristics of fluids in turbulent motion in circular pipes is presented.

Some results have been obtained which may be of use in studying the escape of fission fragments from slurry particles which contain fissioning material. Assuming that the fission fragments are of fixed range H, that they are generated uniformly and isotopically in a sphere of diameter D, the escape probability , mean path length, and path length distribution function have been derived.

A proposed modification to the experiment off-gas system for the EGCR-LITR Capsule Experiment is evaluated by comparing the atmospheric radiation doses to laboratory personnel that could result in the event of an experiment failure while utilizing the present off-gas system to those doses that would result if various modifications to the existing system were effected. The modifications considered include the addition of an iodine vapor adsorber and a krypton-xenon adsorber. The addition of an iodine vapor adsorber to the off-gas system, which presently includes an absolute filter, reduces the atmospheric dose to the thyroid from 510 mr to 1.4mr. The total body dose is also reduced from 2.2 to 1.3 mr. The total body dose can be further reduced to 0.7 mr if a large krypton-xenon adsorber is included. Basd upon these calculated atmospheric radiation doses it is concluded that the addition of an activated charcoal iodine vapor adsorber will reduce the atmospheric hazard to an acceptable level.