The purpose of the Computer Information Center is to stimulate the production of documentation and to make it readily available to computer users within the Laboratory. In addition, the Center will endeavor to obtain all publications of programming and machine manuals pertinent to LRL.For the Computer Information Center to be effective, it is essential that its coverage be as complete as possible. Computer users who have written programs or subroutines are therefore urged to submit write-ups for publication to Chet McIntosh (Bldg. 161 - Room 1241) or Nora Kegel (Bldg. 161 - Room 1239). All materials presented will be edited and the final draft returned to the author for verification prior to publication within the Laboratory.

The second and third law methods of thermodynamics are used to obtain the enthalpies of vaporization of the halides of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd, Hg, Sn, Pb, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. Molecular and free energy data necessary for such calculations are presented. The structure of bonding in these molecules is briefly discussed.

Abstract. A series of paired explosions in a salt mine near Winnfield, Louisiana, has been conducted to test a theory by Dr. A. L. Latter concerning seismic decoupling by underground cavities. The theory predicted a decoupling of about 100. Free-field and surface measurements from an explosion in either a 6-ft- or a 15-ft-radius spherical cavity were compared with similar measurements from a completely tamped explosion. Shot sixes were from a 10 lb up to a few tons. Surface measurements were made out to 100 km and covered the frequency range from 0.05 to 100 cpa. The experiment confirmed that decoupling does occur. The actual decoupling factor as a function of frequency is presented and compared with the Latter theory.

This technical report analyzes an experiment designed to test the theory of seismic decoupling of underground explosives proposed by Latter, LeLevier, Martinelli, and McMillan [1959]. The theory calculated the amplitude of a 1.7-kiloton nuclear explosive in a hole in salt and compares it to the measured value of the 1.7-kt Rainier shot in tuff at the same distance. A decoupling factor of about 300 resulted. The experiment, called Cowboy, was designed to test the decoupling principle by carrying out a series of eight high-explosive shots in two spheres made in a salt dome and nine tamped shots for comparison purposes. The seismic data reported here was obtained primarily at 14,000 and 22,000 feet from the shot at frequencies of 10 to 30 cps. A salt-to-salt decoupling factor of 100 was obtained which is consistent wit the predicted 300 tuff-to-salt factor. When the sphere was over-driven so that the walls did not move elastically (a condition which violates the theory), decoupling factors of 10 and 30 were measured. The report interprets the seismic data to give the dependence of decoupling on the various parameters of the experiment. The decoupling deduced from measurements made 80 feet from the shot points is found …

The vibrational eigenvalues belonging to the ground electronic state of the HD<sup>+ and HT<sup>+ ions have been calculated. These calculations have been done for the J = 0 rotational state and neglecting the dynamic corrections to the potential. For the HD<sup>+ ion we find twenty-two bound states, and for the HT<sup>+ ion twenty three bound states.

The nuclide Hf182 has been made by thermal-neutron irradiation of hafnium oxide and has been found to have a half-life of 8.5 x 10(6) years. A preliminary study ha been made of possible radiations associated with the nuclide.

An exact treatment of the structure of tracks in nuclear research emulsion recently was attempted with some success. Many of the proofs also appear to be generally valid for bubble tracks in Wilson chambers. This is a summary of the results that are applicable to tracks of charged particles in bubble chambers.

The use of threshold detector foils to measure the external neutron spectrum of two reactors is described. The foils employed are Pu236 to measure the total fast flux, U238 for the region above 1.5 Mev, S32 above 2.5 Mev, and Au197 for thermal neutrons. Scintillation counters ae used to determine the activity induce din the detectors. The foil-counting system is calibrated by used a Cockcroft-Walton accelerator as a fast neutron source. The results indicate a fission type spectrum at each reactor.

Abstract. The waveform or character of a refraction arrival has become internationally important because of its use in determining source parameters. An approximate theoretical machine calculation has been made to show the effect of layering above a refractor on the character of the refraction arrival. The method is illustrated with a geologic model taken from the Edwards Plateau area of West Texas. The effect of the Edwards limestone, Comanche, and Trinity formations on the refraction from the Pennsylvanian limestone is computed. The conversion of energy in theses upper layers from compressional to shear plays a significant role in forming the refraction character. An anticlinal structure is introduced into the Pennsylvanian limestone and it is argued that, in a first approximation, the wave in the Pennsylvanian limestone follow the structure, refracting off at the critical angle as before. Now, however, the angle of incidence on the base of the Trinity is a function of the angle of the structure. Since the amplitudes of converted waves depends n this angle, The character of the refraction arrival depends in a predictable way on the angle in the structure where the critical refraction has taken lace. These results are theoretical and only approximate, but …

Abstract: "Discussion is directed toward eventual optimization of the largest diffusion-pump systems. Less than 100 diffusion pump fluid molecules per cm 2/sec are possible to detect using an accumulation method. Optimization discussed demands highest possible system speed compatible with the above contamination rate. Bakeable oil diffusion pump systems, with equal orifice valve-tap units, without conventional baffling, permit theoretical through-put speeds up to 0.3 of the system orifice. The average backstreaming rate of oil in two unconventionally baffled commercial pumps of 6-in. and 10-in. size is reduced to < 3 x 10-(-4) g/cm-2/24 hr, including heating and cooling the pump boiler. A Ho factor of >0.4 is maintained. Results on trapping with activated alumina, retained by a wire mesh, at both liquid-nitrogen and room temperature are included. A variety of pumping speed measurements and bakeable combination valve-trap units are discussed."

Ever since the existence of a bound state of Hydrogen was discovered, it has been uncertain whether any other bound states existed. In addition to its importance in astrophysics this question has also come up in discussions of the scattering of electrons from hydrogen. To settle this problem it is necessary to calculate lower bounds for the eigenvalues of the Schrodinger equation. A simple calculation has been carried out for the problem of the negative hydrogen ion.

An incident is described concerning a curium accelerator target aerolized by explosion. Management of the spill, sampling, particle sizing, and medical findings are presented. Seven of the 27 persons present showed low levels of curium excretion. The data from this incident were compared with those from three other inhalation exposures to curium compounds at Lawrence Laboratory.

This bibliography lists selected articles on molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, tungsten and uranium oxide in the journal literature of the U.S.S.R. The following sources were used and also are noted after each citation, Special Library Association Translation monthly 1959-June 1960, U.S. Library of Congress Monthly index of Russian accessions 1955-June 1960, U.S. Office of Technical Services Technical translations 1955-1958.

Some consequences of the existence of a neutral spin-0 particle with imaginary parity are examined. The particle is subsequently identified with K0 and it is shown that associated production is a consequence of a super-selection law for parity. The parity of the K0 is fixed by its electromagnetic interaction, which leads to certain results that differ from those predicted by strangeness. The theory accounts directly for the non-conservation of parity in non-neutrino decays of Λ, Σ's and K's.

In this paper, a theoretical solution is developed for the transient thermal stress distribution in a reactor fuel tube of circular cross sections with spatially uniform internal power generation and forced convective heat transfer at the inner surface of the tube. Solution of the equation of heat conduction is done my means of a Laplace transform with subsequent application of the inversion integral to arrive at a final expression for the transient temperature distribution. The solution is of interest in the analysis of transients in reactors which use either a gas or liquid heat transfer medium. The work was initiated in conjunction with the quench testing of ceramic fuel elements for a gas-cooled reactor. Expressions for the component stresses are given explicitly and examples of application of these formulas to startup of a gas cooled reactor and the flow quenching of a fuel tube are given.

"This bibliography lists selected articles on beryllium which have appeared in journals received in the library of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, Livermore, California and articles, reports, and books which have appeared in the following abstracting services between January, 1958 and August 1959."

From abstract: "Steady temperatures and thermal stresses are determined for long hexagonal tubes having round holes for the case of uniform internal heat generation and a fluid-cooled inside surface. Thermal stresses are also determined for thick plates pierced by holes on an equilateral triangular pattern and for hexagonal tubes having a hexagonal hole with rounded inside corners. Stresses in the end regions of tubes are also investigated."

The following report proposes a concept of a transient version of Astron thermonuclear reactor while describing the basic concepts of the reactor and the design criteria.

Abstract: "Theoretical and experimental results of the effect of gamma moderation are described. A 6.7-fold enhancement factor was obtained with a 1/8-in. - thick sodium-iodide crystal when using gamma moderation and a Co-60 gamma source. A counter was designed and built to make the most use of gamma source. A counter was designed and built to make the most use of gamma moderation. The results indicate that this counter can be made energy independent over a wide region. Though the cost of the counter is about 1/3 that of a 1-in, -diam, 1-in. -thick sodium-iodide crystal plus photomultiplier, the counting efficiency for gammas such as Na-24 is over two times greater."

The basic information about the path of carbon in photosynthesis is reviewed, together with the methods that were used to discover it. This has led to the knowledge of what is required of the photochemical reaction in the form of chemical species. Attention is then directed to the structure of the photochemical apparatus itself insofar as it is viewable by electron microscopy, and some principles of ordered structure are devised for the types of molecules to be found in the chloroplasts. From the combination of these, a structure for the grana lamella is suggested and a mode of function proposed. Experimental test for this mode of function is underway; one method is to examine photoproduced unpaired electrons. This is discussed.

Report discussing low and high acceleration flight mechanics for interplanetary missions, as well as the energy limitation for electric propulsion systems powered by a nuclear energy source. From abstract: "An optimization procedure for low acceleration systems is given which leads to a simple relationship between mission requirements, payload fraction, power plant specific power, and exhaust velocity."

Abstract: "The paper is concerned with the basic concepts and techniques of Monte Carlo, such as the generation of random numbers, the construction of samples from a given distribution, and techniques for reducing the variances of the estimates. The latter include the expected values method, systematic and stratified sampling, importance sampling, splitting and Russian roulette, conditional Monte Carlo, and correlation and regression. These are discussed with reference to two examples: a system comprising a roulette wheel and three urns, and a simplified neutron shielding problem. For the two-stage sampling in the first example, the inequalities among the variances of ten of the estimates obtained by various methods are investigated."

This is an attempt to summarize and relate at least some of the material presented in four talks during a symposium on radiobiological studies on yeast, and in addition discuss some related experimental results. The discussion will be divided into two sections: I) a discussion of the various manifestations of radiation damage in yeast; and II) a consideration of modification of these damages by variations of physico-chemical and biological parameters.

Report describing the circulation and formation of electrons in a uniform magnetic field as part of a thermonuclear machine proposed at the Second Geneva International Conference.