From Battelle colloquium on defects in oxides; Columbus, Ohio, USA (17 Sep 1973). The accumulation of concentrated defects in /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/ by selfradiation damage is shown to proceed by a simple exponential function for samples which are initially defect free. Anomalous behavior for both ingrowth and damage recovery is related to helium inventory, but not to uranium, which is the daughter product of the alpha decay. The annealing of samples having achieved a saturation of defects at 25 deg C proceeds through a two-stage mechanism, the first having an activation energy of 0.17 eV. Both defect production and annealing behavior are characterizBd by x-ray diffraction and electrical conductivity measurements for 25 deg C < T < 1000 deg C. (auth)

From symposium on noble gases; Las Vegas, Nevada, USA (24 Sep 1973). A method was developed for the analysis of air and natural gas samples containing trace amounts of noble gases. The gas samples are preconcentrated by reaction with calcium at 900 to 1000 deg C and analyzed by mass spectrometry on an automated instrument. Methods of relating the concentrated sample to the original sample and the preparation of gas standards are given. The accuracy of the technique at the 25 ppM level was determined. The precision of the method and requirements for improving the technique are also discussed. (auth)

From American Chemical Society 2nd joint conference on sensing of environmental pollutants; Washington, District of Columbia, USA (10 Dec 1973). Commercially available 20 cfm cascade impactors were evaluated under field sampling conditions for particle sampling bias caused by interstage losses and by non-wind direction sampler oriertation. An integrated sampler using an impactor and a winddirection self-orienting cowl attachment decreased particle sampling bias. (auth)

From 3rd international conference on atomic collisions in solids; Gatlinburg, Tennessee, USA (23 Sep 1973). X-ray spectral measurements of S, Cl, and Ar atoms moving in solid carbon targets are used to extract the equilibrium distribution of vacancies in the valence and L-shells of the projectiles. It is found that the state of excitation is much higher than the mean charge measured after the projectile has left the solid. A simple model is used to deduce the expected final charge state distribution, and these are compared to thin foil measurements. The results support the Betz-Grodzins model for ions moving in solids. (auth)

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From international symposium on electron and photon interactions at high energies; Bonn, F. R. Germany (27 Aug 1973). The review of light cone physics covers various aspects which are physically interesting, evaluation of the importance of the ideas which foim the nucleus of light cone physics, understanding of the limitations and an analysis of possible ways to overcome the difficulties of light cone physics. (JFP)

The authors present measurements of the invariant cross section for the inclusive reaction p + p {yields} p + X in the region 0.14 &lt; |t| &lt; 0.38 GeV{sup 2}, 100 &lt; s &lt; 750 GeV{sup 2} and 0.07 &lt; M{sub x/s}{sup 2} &lt; 0.20.

From 2nd international conference on elementary particles; Aixen- Provence, France (6 Sep 1973). Measurements of the polarization parameter for the reaction pi /sup -/p yields pi /sup o/n were made at the five momenta 1.03, 1.245, 1.44, 1.5 and 1.79 GeV/c. A polarized target was used, with polarizations achieved ranging from 48 to 57%. Salient features of the experiment were the use of neutron counters for time-of-flight measurements as well as angular information and the use of optical spark chambers, seven to eight radiation lengths thick, for the detection of the gamma rays from the decay of the pi /sup o/. The center-ofmass angular range covered by the 20 neutron counters was typically --.78 < cos THETA /sub c.m. <.87. For each momentum there are approximately 10,000 events which fit pi /sup -/p yields pi /sup o/ n with a confide nce level of at least 10%. (auth)

From National Technical Canadian Gas Association; Calgary, Alberta, Canada (17 Oct 1973). The technical bases of the emerging technology of nuclear stimulation of natural gas fields, the potential of this method for increasing the gas supply of the US, and public issues related to this technology are discussed. A technical appendix is provided with information on: reservoir producing characteristics; explosive design, availability, and cost; firing and space of explosives; economic parameters; and tabulated statistics on past and current projects on nuclear stimulation. (LCL)

From Adriatic meeting on particle physics; Rovinj, Yugoslavia (23 Sep 1973)Lectures are given on heavy ion reactions at several GeV to relativistic energies. Experiments with heavy ions, types of theoretical approaches to high energy heavy ion interactions, experimental results, and other physics experiments and their potential significance are covered. (J FP)

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From eleventh international annual meeting of the German Society of Nuclear Medicine; Athens, Greece (24 Sep 1973). Progress in quantitating the distribution of isotope within organs on sequential images of the whole body using the whole-body scanner, and on techniques of reconstructing the three- dimensional distribution from multiple gamma-camera views using a variety of different algorithms is reported. The following variables are involved in the precise quantitation of the amount of radiopharmaceuticals in regions of the body: geometry effect, patient thickness, thickness and homogeneity of isotope distribution, source position, one photon attenuation coefficient. The whole- body scanner used consists of 64 detectors distributed as four rows of 16 detectors with a diagonal offset to give good resolution and adequate collimation between the single 3.2-cm diameter by 3.8-cm thick sodium iodide (TI) crystals. The patient is positioned on a bed that is moved over the detector array and pulse-height selection is used to separate pulses between different isotopes. The scan durations can vary from 0.75 minute to hours. (auth)

The status of LAMPF is reviewed, and the experimental areas are briefly discussed. The experimental areas include the Energetic Pion Channel and Spectrometer (EPICS), Low- Energy Pion Channel (LEP), Stopped Muon Channel, Pion and Particle Physics Channel (P/sup 3/), Nucleon Physics Laboratory (NPL), High- Resolution Proton Spectrometer (HRS), Nuclear Chemistry, and the Neutrino Facility. (WHK)

From 11th international annual meeting of the German Society of Nuclear Medicine; Athens, Greece (24 Sep 1973). Rubidium-81 is a new myocardial imaging agent with an ideal T/sub 1/2 of 4.6 hr and energies acceptable for gamma-camera viewing. The target-to-nontarget ratio for heart image to background in the projection images is usually less than 2: 1, thus good statistics are necessary to delineate lesions. The low radiation dose and availability of this isotope allow one to obtain 6 to 10 times the data, and /sup 81/Rb is probably superior to /sup 129/Cs and /sup 43/K for myoca rdial imaging if adequate collimation is present. (auth)

The yields of positive and negative particles resulting from the collision of 1.05 GeV/nucleon and 2.1 GeV/nucleon protons, deuterons and alpha panticles with targets of Be, C, Cu, and Pb. Single particle inclusive spectra were obtained at 2.5 deg (lab) for pi /sup plus or minus , K/sup +/, p, d, / sup 3/H, /sup 3/He, and /sup 4/He. Discussion is limited to tho se aspects of these spectra which are related to possible applications and tests of various high energy interaction models. In particular, it is indicated how results bear on such concepts as limiting fragmentation, scaling, and the ''anton'' structure of the alpha particle and deuteron projectiles. (auth)

Design requirements for low friction materials in FFTF have led to an experimental sodium compatibility program, the objective of which is to select and qualify a low friction coating for the fuel assembly duct load pad. Results are given for chromium carbide and titanium carbide-based coatings on stainless steel exposed to 1160 deg F sodium for several thousand hours. A chromium carbide coating (with a nichrome binder) having an average corrosion rate of approximately 0.25 mpy exhibits optimum sodium compatibility behavior of the materials examined. Both plasma-sprayed chromium carbide and titanium carbide based coatings were found to be unstable when exposed to sodium. (auth)

From sixth European conference on controlled fusion and plasma physics; Moscow, USSR (30 Jul 1973). A basic discussion of laser-induced fusion is presented. Implosion development and applications are described. Implosion and thermonuclear physics are discussed in some detail along with laser technology, laser fusion reactors, and fusion energy conversion. (MOW)

From 24th congress of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Hamburg, F.R. Germany (3 Sep 1973). A nontechnical description of the SuperHILAC, now under construction, is presented. The injector, linear accelerators, and mass separator for identifying heavy elements are described, along with the basic layouts of the injector and target areas. (7 figures) (RWR)

From electro-optical systems design conference; New York, New York. USA (18 Sep 1973). The development and operation of 10-picosecond streak cameras in the LLL laser fusion program are described. In addition, modifications to two TRW Model 1-D high-speed streak cameras are discussed. The compact cameras are completely self-contained, weigh about 27 kg, and occupy about 1/6 m/sup 2/ of bench space. Power consumption is less than 10 W. (auth)

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From eighteenth Health Physics Society meeting; Miami Beach, Florida, USA (17 Jun 1973). A refresher course to provide a practical approach to the use of statistical concepts in interpreting data related to problems of applied health physics is given. After a brief review of the theoretical probability distributions, emphasis is placed on counting statistics, in particular the concept of the standard deviation. In this category the following topics are covered: (1) calculation of the standard deviation, (2) propagation of errors (when two or more quantities are combined arithmetically or via a formula), (3) confidence limits, and (4) the null hypothesis. The following topics are also discussed. (1) Chi-Square in relation to checking the reliability of a counting instrument, (2) correction factors for deadtime losses, and (3) for the case of a decaying source. (auth)

From international metallography society symposium on specimen preparation for metallography; Los Angeles. California, USA (23 Sep 1973). A triode cathodic vacuum etcher has been developed that has a number of advantages over conventional diode etchers. The triode etcher can be operated at specimen voltages well below 1000 V(dc) to minimize mount deterioration and the danger of arcing to the etched surface. Etching voltage and current density can be independently varied so that high current densities can be used with low voltages to provide rapid etching rates while minimizing heating of the specimen. Also. redeposition of sputtered material on the etched surface is reduced because of the low operating pressure (<3 millitorr) of the triode system. At very low voltages (75 to 125 V(dc)) the etching rate is relatively insensitive to crystalline orientation and a polishing action is obtained. This permits the removal of deformed surface layers and even such gross surface defects as the scratches from 600-grit paper without producing significant surface relief. This ion polishing capability has been used to reveal the pore structure of UO/sub 2/ and UO/sub 2/-PuO/sub -specimens by removing surface flow material without enlarging the pores. Details of the design and operation of a simple, …

From symposium on noble gases; Las Vegas, Nevada, USA (24 Sep 1973). The Livermore Gas Diagnostics Program employs a number of rare gas isotopes, both stable and radioactive, in its investigations of the phenomenology of underground nuclear detonations. Radioactive gases in a sample are radiochemically purified by elution chromatography, and the separated gases are radioassayed by gamma-ray spectrometry and by internal or thin-window beta proportional counting. Concentrations of the stable gases are determined by mass-spectrometry, following chemical removal of the reactive gases in the sample. The most general application of the noble gases is as device fraction indicators to provide a basis for estimating totals of chimney-gas components. All of the stable rare gases except argon have been used as tracers, as have /sup 127/Xe and /sup 85/Kr. /sup 37/Ar and /sup 85/Kr have proven to be of particular value in the absence of a good tracer material as reference species for studies of chimney-gas chemistry. The rate of mixing of chimney gases and the degree to which the sampled gas truly represents the underground gas mixture can be studied with the aid of the fission- product gases. /sup 222/Ra and He are released to the cavity from the surrounding …

From 3rd international congress of the International Radiation Protection Association meeting; Washington, District of Columbia, USA(9 Sep 1973). Between 1967 and 1972, eighteen second generation'' lightwater-cooled nuclear power plants, with capacities in the range of 500 to 800 MW(e) have been put into operation in the United States. These were in addition to ten smaller demonstration plants and one high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear power plant in operation at the start of this period. The reported yearly air effluent releases of radioactive gases, halogens and particulates, and liquid effluent fission and activation products and of tritium from these plants are evaluated on a Ci/10/sup 3/ MW(e) basis, and the overall yearly averages for the various types of reactors (boiling water (BWR), pressurized water (PWR) and high temperature gas-cooled (HTGR)! are compared. These and the amounts of effluents released from reference 1,000 MW(e) fossil-fueled plants are compared in terms of relative environmental concentrations and their relationship to the applicable U. S. environmental standards for the principal constituents in their respective plant air-effluent streams. 21 references. (auth)