Progress report on programs in target research and in accelerator research.

The purpose of this report is to describe a method of obtaining deuterons from the 184-inch cyclotron of higher energy than can be achieved from direct acceleration.

A study was conducted on the elution behavior of curium (III), americium (III), plutonium (III), actinium (III), plutonium (IV), neptunium (IV), uranium (IV), thorium (IV), neptunium (V), plutonium (VI), uranium (VI), lanthanum (III), cerium (III), europium (III), ytterbium (III), ytterium (III), strontium (II), barium (II), radium (II), cesium (I) with 3.2 M, 6.2 M, and 12.2 M HCI solutions from Dower-50 cation exchange resin columns. These elutions show that in high concentrations of hydrochloric acid the actinides form complex ions with chloride ion to a much greater extent than the lanthanides. In order to explain these results, a partial covalent character may be ascribed to the bonding in the transuranium complex ions. It is shown that a reasonable structure for such covalent bonding involves hybridization of the 5g-ortibals in the actinide elements.

Energy values are generally accurate to 5%, except in the low energy region and except for He(3) and He(4) for which a non-relativistic conversion was made.

The flux standard is a device which will give a known flux-linkage change to be used as a calibration. At the Radiation Laboratory, two types of flux standards are used, a stationary type and a portable type.

A short survey of some of the metabolic relationships of the elements, cerium, colurbium, plutonium, strontium, yttrium, and zirconium is presented. While the results of internally deposited radium have not been investigated in these experiments, they have been extensively studies by others. Because so much is known of its biological effects, it has been included in this historical survey.

In an effort to gain information on the nature of the photon-meson and photon-nucleon interaction, a study of the artificial production of mesons by photons has been made at the Berkeley synchrotron. The major effort of this research was concentrated on a measurement of the energy and angular distribution of u+-mesons produced when the photons strike a target of liquid hydrogen. Detection of the mesons is accomplished electronically by the technique of delayed coincidence.

The reaction of alanine-1-C14 and phenylalanine-1-C14 with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine has been studied and the carboxyl group of the amino acid has been shown to be the exclusive source of carbon dioxide involved.

The complexing of lanthanum by various anions and weak acids was investigated by observing the light absorption of the complex formed with thenoyltrifluoracetone (TTA). This species showed the properties needed for a satisfactory specgtrophotometric method of analysis.

Two IBM-704 codes have been written which are auxiliary to the Bevatron orbit code BOC. The first, BEFCYF, interpolates among tabulated values of the median-plane magnetic flux density of the Bevatron to produce an equivalent array of values in a form appropriate to BOC. The second, DBDT, produces azimuthal derivatives of the fields produced by BEFCYF. The internal operation of BEFCYF and DBDT is described, and instructions for their execution are given.

This report is a corrected copy of the authors "rapporteur talk" at the 1959 Kiev Conference on High Energy Physics. It contains data on the rapporteur system and on interactions of strange particles with protons and neutrons, using data from bubble chambers, counters, and emulsions.

The principal types of particle accelerators are described briefly according to operation and history. Known operating particle accelerators are listed with their pertinent dimensions.

In a previous publication we reported measurements of the momentum spectra of He<sup>3 and H<sup>3 nuclei produced in collisions of 740-MeV protons with deuterium. The He<sup>3 spectrum exhibited an anomaly in the form of a peak in the region corresponding to double pion production. For reactions resulting in a He<sup>3 the two pions (or particle) can be isotopic spin states 0 or 1; if a H<sup>3 nucleus results only 1 = 1 is allowed. We have since repeated the experiment with a new arrangement which enabled us to measure both the He<sup.3 and H<sup>3 spectra with improved resolution and accuracy.

This report was written from the notes used by Dr. York in delivering his three lectures on considerations pertinent to the problem of utilizing controlled thermonuclear reactions for the production of power. The first lecture discussed fundamental properties of the DD and DT reactions and the reacting substances. The second lecture described the stellarator, a proposed machine for the controlled production of power from the above reactions. The third lecture described the pinch effect and considered its possible application to the thermonuclear power problem.

The atomic beam magnetic-resonance method with separated oscillatory fields has been used to measure the hyperfine structure separation and magnetic dipole moment of the isotopes Rb85 and 18.6d Rb86 in the 2S1/2 electronic ground state. Observation of the separation of a [formula] doublet in the intermediate field region gives the value of the moment; the minimum value of the mean doublet frequency gives the value of [formula]. Observation of another [formula] doublet in low field also yields a value for [formula].

Quarterly report on projects - special M.T.A. distribution

Let F be the flux of radiation going from a sample of radius R2 to a counter of radius B1 then the emitted intensity of radiation per unit solid angle. Then the flux between two elements of area do1 and do2 will be given by [equation] since [equation] and [equation]. Calculations and equations follow.

Sparking: The most obvious conclusion about 200 m.c. sparking is that it follows strictly surface gradient and does not depend upon total voltage. In order to arrive at this conclusion, a quantitative means for measuring the probability of sparking had to be constructed, since it was clearly evident that the d.c. notion of sparking was inadequate.

The present studies are carried out in order to elucidate the effect on enzyme activity of different kinds of radiation. Beams of protons and alpha particles from the Berkeley 60-inch cyclotron and beams of accelerated nuclei of helium, carbon 12, oxygen 16, and neon 20 from the Berkeley Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC) have been used. With this variety of particles it has been possible to cover a range of LET 10 times greater than previously utilized in similar studies. The unattenuated energy of the different particles is exactly 10 MeV per nucleon for the HILAC radiation and approximately this value for the cyclotron radiation.

A general method is suggested for analyzing the scattering of particle A by particle B, leading to three or more final particles, in order to obtain the cross section for the interaction of A with a particle which is virtually contained in B. Binding complications are absent if a plausible assumption about the location and residues of poles in the S-matrix is accepted. The method is useful for unstable particles from which free targets cannot be made; the special examples of pion and neutron targets are discussed in detail.

The writer has initiated a comprehensive program of equipment development designed to give the maximum practical aid to the physicists and technicians who are carrying out track measurements. Some attention has also been given to developing systems of data handling using International Business Machine (IBM) equipment and Keysort cards. In addition, some of the steps to insure the accuracy of the emulsion data are taken long before the emulsion is studied under the microscope.

FLOSS III is a third-generation version of a digital computer program which solves a one-dimensional difference representation of the momentum, energy, continuity, and state equations for turbulent, compressible gas flow in equivalent hydraulic channels. Extensive use of this program has been employed in the design and performance analyses of Pluto-type nuclear heat exchangers, and in the specific case of the Tory II-A test series, agreement was obtained to better than 5% for all experimentally measured parameters. The NOMAC and DASH-N programs combine the effects of up to thirty varieties of channels with the dependent boundary conditions imposed by a common inlet diffuser and exit nozzle. The resulting calculations yield performance information for blow-down facility and ramjet flight condition application of the heat exchanger.

This system presents a method for making remote sealed-bag passouts from a multicurie-level chemistry processing enclosure. In addition, the polyethylene bags are changed remotely without exposing contaminated surfaces while always maintaining a low leak-rate seal. Our system employs an interchange box (the Passout Box) attached to the chemistry enclosure. Integrated with the box is a hydraulically operated jack that raises and lowers the bags, and a welder-cutter for sealing them. A single master-slave manipulator teamed with the above units handles all operations.

The purpose of this Note is to point out the advantages of the sideband technique over the derivative method in wideline NMR spectroscopy. In the sideband technique the absorption spectrum is recorded directly and the modulation amplitude is no longer a determining factor in the resolution.