Quarterly report describing progress on a project to develop and evaluate high-temperature tungsten alloys. This report discusses experimentation with fabrication to improve thermal stability of tested combinations by further alloying.

Abstract: A definitive investigation of the boron-carbon equilibrium system is being made by X-ray diffraction, metallographic, and thermal analytical techniques. Alloys are being produced by sintering pressed powder aggregates with subsequent arc melting. Alloys have been made at two atomic percent intervals up to thirty atomic per cent carbon. In the future, higher carbon compositions are to be investigated. Techniques have been worked out for the metallographic preparation of the extremely hard and friable alloys.

This partially annotated bibliography contains references on advanced space propulsion units. References are also included on auxiliary power units, energy requirements, and mission requirements. The references are arranged alphabetically by title, with corporate author and subject indexes provided. This bibliography is issued in two parts: CNLM-2370-3, Part I, contains unclassified references; CNLM2370-3, Part II, contains classified material. Sources used in compiling this bibliography are: Abstracts of Classified Reports 1957-June 1960, Applied Science and Technology Index 1958-June 1960, ASTIA 1958-June 1960, Engineering Index 1957-1959, Industrial Arts Index 1957, Nuclear Science Abstracts 1957-June 1960, U.S. Government Publications Monthly Catalog 1958-June 1960.

Abstract. A method is described for measuring the molecular flow conductance of scale models of complete diffusion pump systems. Results are given in terms of Clausing's factor P, defined by P= F/F(0), where F is the net volume flow rate through a geometry and F(0) is the volume flow rate of gas striking the orifice of the geometry. Use of the factor P allows prediction of the conductance of the full-scale system represented by the model. Experimental and theoretical data are presented for straight cylinders, cylindrical elbows, and several geometries having no-line-of-sight through them. It is shown that for an optimized diffusion pump system, comprising baffle, trap and valve, 0.3 [less than] P [less than] 0.5 can be obtained.

A series paired explosions in a salt mine near Winnfield, Louisiana, has been conducted to test a theory by A.L. Latter concerning seismic decoupling by underground cavities. The theory predicted a decoupling of 132 Free-field and surface measurements from an explosion in either a 6-ft- or a 15-ft-radius spherical cavity were compared with similar measurements from a completely tamped explosion of equal size. Shot sizes were from 20 pounds up to a ton. Surface measurements were made out to 100 km and covered the frequency range from 0.05 to 100 cps. The experiments confirmed that decoupling does occur. For explosions that produce an average cavity pressure up to one-fifth and possible more of the lithostatic overburden pressure, seismic waves were decoupled by the 100, i.e., two order of magnitude. Even for explosions producing an average cavity pressure of six times the lithostatic overburden pressure, the seismic waves were decoupled by 20 -- more than a full order of magnitude. Minimum decoupling factors as a function of frequency are presented.

"Investigations into the behavior of the gas flow behind spherical or cylindrical blasts have shown that secondary shocks arise within the original detonation gases. The secondary shock, at first weak, is carried outward with the expanding gases. Subsequently it strengthens and bends back toward the origin, arriving there with high intensity. By using some recently developed techniques in shock dynamics a theory is developed by which the motion of the main shock wave, as well as the formation and subsequent motion of the secondary shock, are given by explicit formulae."

From Present Programs: "There has been a gradual expansion of the Sr^90 food analysis program to include vegetable foods and finally entire diets. In some cases the analyses have also been extended to other nuclides but these data are so limited that they will not be emphasized in this report. It is expected that considerable data on Ra^226 and other naturally occurring radionuclides will be generated in coming year."

The magnetic properties of core materials ae investigated for a pulse width of 30 nanoseconds. Methods of testing which are necessitated by the sort pulse width are explained and the design of the pulser which is capable of 0.2 megawatt peak power is described. The data obtained if evaluated and presented for the various materials which were tested.

By use of the equations of magnetohydrodynamics the diffusion of a magnetic field into a plasma is calculated. In this paper it is assumed that the electrical conductivity of the plasma follows a (temperature)3/2 power law and that acceleration effects are negligible. Under these conditions it is shown that the magnetohydrodynamic equations reduce to one nonlinear diffusion equation for the magnetic field. this equation is solved with the help of the IBM-650 computer, and the results are presented graphically and compared with the results for linear diffusion.

Two IBM-704 codes have been written which are auxiliary to the Bevatron orbit code BOC. The first, BEFCYF, interpolates among tabulated values of the median-plane magnetic flux density of the Bevatron to produce an equivalent array of values in a form appropriate to BOC. The second, DBDT, produces azimuthal derivatives of the fields produced by BEFCYF. The internal operation of BEFCYF and DBDT is described, and instructions for their execution are given.

This report is a corrected copy of the authors "rapporteur talk" at the 1959 Kiev Conference on High Energy Physics. It contains data on the rapporteur system and on interactions of strange particles with protons and neutrons, using data from bubble chambers, counters, and emulsions.

The principal types of particle accelerators are described briefly according to operation and history. Known operating particle accelerators are listed with their pertinent dimensions.

A program has begun embodying a study of the diffusion rates of krypton and xenon into unirradiated UO2 and UC at temperatures between 1000°C and 2500°C.The experimental technique is described in some detail, involving exposure of UO2 and UC samples to a Kr85 atmosphere at various temperatures, removal of surface-adsorbed krypton, dissolution of the sample, collection and ion chamber measurement of the diffused Kr, and calculation of diffusion coefficients from these data.

The atomic beam magnetic-resonance method with separated oscillatory fields has been used to measure the hyperfine structure separation and magnetic dipole moment of the isotopes Rb85 and 18.6d Rb86 in the 2S1/2 electronic ground state. Observation of the separation of a [formula] doublet in the intermediate field region gives the value of the moment; the minimum value of the mean doublet frequency gives the value of [formula]. Observation of another [formula] doublet in low field also yields a value for [formula].

"The visible absorption spectra of VA3, CrA3, MnA3, FeA3 and CoA3 (A=C5H7O2, the acetylacetonate anion) are reported. The interpretation of the data in respect to the symmetry and strength of the ligand fields is discussed, with special attention to the presence and magnitudes of trigonal components in ligand fields and its consistency with certain results of paramagnetic trigonal fields of appreciable magnitude are present."

"This is the first quarterly report on Task II of the subject Utilization of Radioactive Isotopes in Coal Process Research. There were two separate projects on Tank I; I. methods Development for Tritium Labeling of Coal Product Hydro-carbons, and II. Applications of Radio-Tracer Techniques to the Study of Fluidized Particle Mechanics. The following extended work on Task II concerns only Methods Development of Radio-Tracing With Tritium."

This report deals with the structural and lithologic features within and adjacent to the San Juan mineral belt and the relation of these features to the ore deposits.

Reactivity measurements made by the pulsed neutron technique were compared with results obtained by conventional techniques. The pulsed neutron results were in good agreement with those obtained by stable period measurement and rod drop. Differential effectiveness of partially inserted rods was shown to be well represented by elementary perturbation theory. Finally, the pulsed neutron technique was found to be the only good method for measurement of large reactivity changes.

Presented at session S-1 of the Tenth Annual International Conference on High-Energy Physics, Rochester, New York, August 25- September 1, 1960. The analysis of the latest experiments on p-p scattering at 210 Mev makes it probable that there is a unique set of phase shifts at this energy. Under reasonable assumptions about continuity of the phase shifts and the behavior of the higher partial waves, it is possible to pick a unique solution also at 310 and 95 Mev. This opens a new era in the analysis of nucleon-nucleon scattering, which should lead to a unique model for the scattering matrix up to 400 Mev. Theoretical attempts to calculate a "meson potential" from field theory have not been successful, and the semi-phenomenological potential models, although now in good qualitative agreement with experiment, are not quantitatively reliable. Instead of using these models as a basis for an energy-dependent parameterization of the scattering matrix, as was done by Breit and his collaborators, it is here argued that the Mandelstam representation offers a more reliable starting point. A formalism is developed which allows the one and two pion exchange interaction to be included exactly and gives a Lorentz-invariant description of the rest of …

The cross sections for coherent and incoherent scattering of neutrons from polycrystalline materials are discussed. It is shown that the incoherent elastic, incoherent inelastic, and coherent elastic cross sections may be calculated with negligible error using a simple Debye model to give the phonon spectrum. the criterion determining the correct Debye parameter to use is discussed, and it is emphasized that it is important to allow a temperature dependence in this parameter in order to take account of the temperature dependence of the phonon spectrum. The Debye model is not really adequate to calculate the coherent inelastic cross section and gives results which may be in error by about 15% at very low incident energies.

The purpose of this experiment is to study the quantitative adsorption characteristics of a carbon adsorber bed receiving a radioactive inert gas in a helium stream. An objective of the experiment is to measure the equilibrium transmission of the radio-active gas through a carbon adsorber in order to determine if radio-active decay of the adsorbed gas permits additional adsorption.

Tests were conducted to determine the friction factor of randomly packed beds of 3/4-inch diameter spheres in 8-inch and 15-1/4-inch diameter beds, and of 1-1/2-inch diameter spheres in 15-1/4-inch diameter bed. The bed depths were varied in an attempt to isolate the effects of entrance and exit losses. The bed Reynolds number, base on sphere diameter, was varied from 5,000 to 50,000.

"Recent theoretical advances in describing the nucleon-nucleon interaction (particularly in the T=1 state) have emphasized the importance of obtaining an unambiguous experimental determination of the scattering matrix so that the nuclear phase shifts and details of the nuclear potential may be revealed. It is possible to select five experiments, the results of which, in principle at least, determine the scattering matrix and phase shifts uniquely at one energy. Two of these experiments, the cross section and polarization over the angular range of 0 to 90 degrees in the center of mass system, have been made at the University of Rochester at a laboratory energy of about 210 Nev."

"The lifetimes of approximately 6 million positive mesons have been measured using a crystal controlled oscillator as a clock. The resulting decay curve was analyzed on the IBM 650 digital computer and gave a mean life of 2,211 plus or minus 0.003 µsec. The mean life of negative mu mesons in carbon was also measured and found to be 2,043 plus or minus 0.003 µsec. The resulting nuclear capture rate is (0.373 plus or minus 0.011)x10 to the 5th/sec, assuming that the decay rate of a negative mu meson bound in carbon is equal to the decay rate of the positive meson."