Increased resolution of NMR spectrometry will require the use of very high field Nb/sub 3/Sn superconducting magnets. Here we report the results of our investigation into mechanical and temperature effects on internal-Sn superconductors similar to those proposed for use in a 900 MHz, 21 T NMR magnet system. Thermal precompression was found to be about 0.225%, and the irreversible strain was about 0.8%. Fatigue degradation was not observed at cyclic intrinsic strains below 0.575%. Additions of reinforcing steel in cable conductors was found to reduce the critical current by as much as 50% compared to similar, unreinforced cables. Reduction of the testing temperature to 2.3 K did not increase the critical current in steel-reinforced cables to a level significantly above that of unreinforced samples. 4 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

The success of ITER relies on aggressive design of the superconducting magnet systems. This design emphasized high radiation-damage tolerance, acceptance of high nuclear heat loads, and high operational stresses in the Toroidal Field (TF) magnets. The design of the Central Solenoid (CS) magnets, although they will be well shielded from the plasma, is equally aggressive due to the need for very high magnetic fields (14 T) and long term operation at high cyclic stresses. Success of these magnet designs depends, in part, on sound selection and fabrication of materials for structural, superconducting, and insulating components. Here we review the design of ITER and the selection of structural materials for some of the systems that will operate at cryogenic temperatures. In addition we will introduce some of the data that the materials selection is based on and suggest opportunities for future research in support of ITER. 10 refs., 1 fig., 4 tabs.

This study of the technology required for producing large high-field coils has shown that, with some extensions to our present technological base, feasible designs are achievable. The resulting magnets could well make a paramount contribution to the national mirror-fusion endeavor.

X-ray diffractometry provides much useful information on LANA alloys that complements data obtained by SEM and Electron Microprobe Analysis. Accurate measurements of the hexagonal lattice parameters of the primary LaNi{sub 5-y}Aly phase reveal the aluminum content (y) and allow the prediction of desorption pressures for the hydrogen isotopes. A study of the broadening of x-ray diffraction lines of the LaNi{sub 5-y}Aly primary phase caused by cyclic absorption and desorption of hydrogen suggests that substitution of aluminum for nickel stabilizes the primary phase with respect to formation of antistructure defects that could cause undesirable trapping of hydrogen isotopes. Correlation of XRD with SEM and EMPA results has helped identify secondary phases, determine their abundances in volume percent, and reveal how they react with hydrogen and the atmosphere. Characterizations of LANA alloys used in process development has provided the bases for development of specifications for alloys to be used in the Replacement Trittium Facility. 28 refs., 4 tabs., 12 figs.

The high-dose early-effects research that has been continued has been done in the context of infrequent accidents with large radiation sources and the use of bone marrow transfusions for treating malignancies, especially leukemia. It thus seemed appropriate to bring together those who have done research on and have had experience with massive whole-body radiation. The objectives were to review what is known about the acute effects of whole-body irradiation, to review the current knowledge of therapy, and particularly of the diagnostic and immunologic problems encountered in bone marrow therapy, and to compare this knowledge with observations made to date on the Chernobyl accident radiation casualties. Dr. Robert Gale, who had helped to care for these casualties, was present at the Workshop. It was hoped that such a review would help those making continuing clinical and pathological observations on the Chernobyl casualties, and that these observations would provide a basis for recommendations for additional research that might result in improved ability to manage successfully this type of severe injury.

Clues in the search for a fundamental description of hadron physics based on QCD may be obtained from a phenomenological constituent quark model in which the color-electric force binds quarks into saturated color-singlet hadrons, and finer details of the spectrum and multiquark physics are dominated by the color-magnetic hyperfine interaction. 47 refs.

Particle simulations show that during longitudinal compression, there is little growth in beam longitudinal and transverse emittance. Both longitudinal and transverse temperatures follow adiabatic laws. The compressed beam has negligible longitudinal momentum spread and therefore can satisfy stringent requirements for final focusing. 4 refs., 3 figs.

X-ray diffractometry provides much useful information on LANA alloys that complements data obtained by SEM and Electron Microprobe Analysis. Accurate measurements of the hexagonal lattice parameters of the primary LaNi{sub 5-y}Aly phase reveal the aluminum content (y) and allow the prediction of desorption pressures for the hydrogen isotopes. A study of the broadening of x-ray diffraction lines of the LaNi{sub 5-y}Aly primary phase caused by cyclic absorption and desorption of hydrogen suggests that substitution of aluminum for nickel stabilizes the primary phase with respect to formation of antistructure defects that could cause undesirable trapping of hydrogen isotopes. Correlation of XRD with SEM and EMPA results has helped identify secondary phases, determine their abundances in volume percent, and reveal how they react with hydrogen and the atmosphere. Characterizations of LANA alloys used in process development has provided the bases for development of specifications for alloys to be used in the Replacement Trittium Facility. 28 refs., 4 tabs., 12 figs.