During the post decade, organizations have increased their scope and operations beyond their traditional geographic boundaries. At the same time, they have adopted heterogeneous and incompatible information systems independent of each other without a careful consideration that one day they may need to be integrated. As a result of this diversity, many important business applications today require access to data stored in multiple autonomous databases. This paper examines a problem of inter-database information retrieval in a heterogeneous environment, where conventional techniques are no longer efficient. To solve the problem, broader definitions for join, union, intersection and selection operators are proposed. Also, a probabilistic method to specify the selectivity of these operators is discussed. An algorithm to compute these probabilities is provided in pseudocode.

Two recent results from the SPEAR Magnetic detector are covered. A study of psi' ..-->.. ..gamma.. + X, ..gamma gamma..psi, ..gamma../sup +/ hadrons is presented; four intermediate states are seen, branching fractions and production angular distribution are given, which agree with the predictions of the charm quark model. Evidence is presented for 2 narrow new states (charges 0 and 1) decaying to a kaon and pions. Structures are seen in the recoil mass spectra. The production and decay characteristics support the assignment of those states as the low lying nonstrange charmed mesons.

We have synthesized new iminosulfuranes from a variety of diaryl-and dialkyl sulfides and dibenzothiophene. The pattern of [sup 15]N chemical shifts indicates that functional groups attached to sulfur are not simply resolved into aryl and alkyl groups. Thus, resolution of sulfur functional groups using [sup 15]N NMR via iminosulfurane does not appear practicable. However, iminosulfurane formation, together with the N-haloamide reaction and the Pummerer rearrangement, provides pathways for chemical discrimination of different sulfur substituents using unique [sup 15]N- or, [sup 19]F-labelled fragments for different categories of sulfur functional groups. In efforts currently underway, we are applying these reactions to methylated extracts and conversion products of the high-organic-sulfur containing Yugoslavian Rasa and Spanish Mequinenza lignites. 1 tab, 14 refs.

Orbifold compactifications provide a practical approach to string symmetry breaking. They have the potential to bridge the gap between string theory and the physics of the standard model. 7 refs., 5 figs.

This paper discusses the role of hybrid reactors and compares the mirror approach with other approaches. Past and present mirror hybrid studies are reviewed. A comparison between the hybrid and fusion reactors is made; the conclusion is that hybrids are technologically less demanding in many ways except in dealing with fission wastes. Finally, the development steps that might lead to a commercial hybrid are discussed.

The constraints on neutral beam systems are analyzed, with particular attention to power and gas efficiency. The status of development to meet these constraints is discussed, and a conceptual injector for reactors described.

This report discusses the motivation and the results of predictions of neutrino masses and coupling constants.

Six 5-m-long prototype quadrupole magnets have been built and cold-tested at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for the Superconducting Super Collider. Each of the magnets contained instrumentation to monitor the mechanical performance of the magnets during assembly and cold-testing. In addition, the instrumentation was used along with physical measurements as aids during magnet assembly. Quantities measured include coil pressures during assembly, cooldown, and magnet energization; axial thermal contraction of the magnets during cooldown; and axial force transmitted to the magnet end-plates. For the most part, mechanical measurements have proven repeatable and agree well with analysis.

The Sixth International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion was held April 9-11, 1980, at the Atlanta Hilton, Atlanta, Georgia. It was sponsored by the US Department of Energy, the Electric Power Research Institute, the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the Tennessee Valley Authority. Forty-five papers from Vol. III of the proceedings have been entered individually into EDB and ERA. Two papers had been entered previously from other sources. (LTN)

The possibility of taking advantage of the extended, high temperature solid solubility of Al in Nb in order to produce composite Nb-Nb/sub 3/Al superconductors was investigated. Rapid quenching after an elevated (1950/sup 0/C) solution treatment makes it possible to retain at room temperature a metastable solid solution containing up to 21 at. percent Al. The solid solution transforms into the A-15 phase in the course of a short and relatively low temperature (1000/sup 0/C) aging treatment. The inductively measured onset of superconductivity was 17.6/sup 0/K in a 100 ..mu..m thick core of Nb/sub 3/Al embedded in a Nb matrix and prepared by the quench-age method.

The magnetic field in a solenoid or Hemholtz type magnet can be represented by a Legendre function power series. Using modern computers, one can design the coils of a solenoid or Hemholtz magnet in order to produce a field with desired characteristics. The Legendre function presentation can be used with certain iron configurations as well. The design of solenoid correction coils by use of this technique is presented. 6 figs., 6 tables.

Measurements of ion cyclotron fluctuations and ion energy diffusion in the neutral beam injected 2XIIB mirror machine are presented. A narrow band single mode spectrum is always observed. When the plasma is de-stabilized by turning off axially injected streaming plasma, the wave amplitude increases and a simultaneous increase in ion-energy diffusion is observed. The spectral properties of the wave do not change. The data are in accord with a wave particle saturation of the drift cyclotron loss cone (DCLC) mode.

The increase in scale of Tokamaks, together with the very large power input from auxiliary heating, lead to a requirement for new diagnostic techniques. The reference plasma parameters used in establishing this requirement for this review paper are those predicted for the operation of TFTR. The physics aspects of the diagnostic methods are described with particular inference on areas of interest to atomic physicists.

When a spin-1 with quadrupole interaction ..omega../sub Q/ is irradiated near resonance ..omega../sub 0/(..omega../sub 0/-..omega.. = ..delta omega..) with an rf field ..omega../sub 1/ such that ..omega../sub 1/ is much less than ..omega../sub Q/ the density matrix essentially evolves in a three dimensional frame of reference defined by the operators I/sub z,1/ = /sup 1///sub 2/I/sub z/, I/sub z,2/ = /sup 1///sub 2/ (I/sub x/I/sub y/ + I/sub y/I/sub x/), I/sub z,3/ = -/sup 1///sub 2/ (I/sup 2//sub x/ - I/sup 2//sub y/). In this frame, which we term ''z-space'' or the ''double quantum frame'' the effective rf intensity is ..omega../sup 2//sub I//..omega../sub Q/ and the effective resonance offset is 2..delta omega... We demonstrate in this paper that an rf phase shift of phi corresponds to a 2phi shift of ..omega../sup 2//sub I//..omega../sub Q/ in the double quantum frame. This is used to perform double quantum phase reversal and double quantum spin locking. Applications to high resolution deuterium nmr in solids are also illustrated.

SLAC is committed to developing an X-band source capable of producing 100 Megawatt, 1 microsecond pulses to power the next linear collider. The first experience encountered at SLAC in the X-Band Regime above a few Megawatts was in the relativistic klystron program in cooperation with LLNL and LBL. About 280 MW had been transmitted through a variety of waveguide components but at very short pulse widths ({approximately}40 nanseconds) and very low pulse repetition rates. The likelihood of high peak power rf breakdown in most X-band components and especially rf windows increases as the rf pulse length becomes longer. Testing components at peak power levels above that at which they are expected to reliably perform is essential in a development program.

The void swelling of HPV and V-1 Ti has been investigated by irradiating the samples side by side with 3-MeV /sup 51/V/sup +/ ions to damage doses between 2.4 and 54 dpa at a temperature of 700/sup 0/C. Examination of the irradiated samples by transmission electron microscopy revealed that voids and dislocation networks had formed at 2.4 dpa in HPV and that swelling increased less than linearly with dose. In contrast, V-1 Ti showed negligible swelling even at 54 dpa. The swelling resistance of V-1 Ti to large doses is believed to be, at least in part, due to irradiation-induced precipitation.

The role of substrate-induced microstructure on transport properties in c-axis oriented epitaxial Tl{sub 2}Ba{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub x} films grown on LaAlO{sub 3} and SrTiO{sub 3} has been studied. For a magnetic field parallel to the Cu-0 planes, resistivity and the critical current density, J{sub c}, have been measured as a function of angle {theta} between the applied field and the direction of transport current. Resistivity dips and enhancement of the critical current density, J{sub c}, were observed for magnetic fields applied parallel to the substrate twins in LaAlO{sub 3} in high fields ({ge} 2 T). Meanwhile for films on SrTiO{sub 3}, resistivity and J{sub c} were Lorentz-force independent.

The new Concorde flight corridors will be at approximately the same height as the debris cloud trajectories of recent high yield Chinese weapons tests. In response to this perception, the FAA with other U.S. agencies is formulating a concept for a Stratospheric Environmental Assessment Capability (SEAC) whose objective is to furnish timely and accurate predictions of in-cabin environmental radiation dose-to-man estimates in the event of future nuclear tests. Modeling elements of the proposed SEAC are illustrated on the high yield Chinese test of November 17, 1976, wherein the debris cloud intersected the North Atlantic flight corridors several days after detonation and resulted in whole-body gamma dose rates of about 1 millirem per hour above background. Had the flight levels been a few kilometres higher, the estimated dose would have been 30 percent higher. The potential exposures on stratospheric flight corridors of the Pacific were estimated to be about 200 to 300 mr/hr, a level warranting diversion of some flight paths. The technical basis and modeling capabilities involved in SEAC will be reviewed along with perceptions of transferrable experience in the stratosphere to other transnational air quality problems.

Some of the less recognized and potentially important parameters of the electronics and detectors used in X-ray fluorescence spectrometers are discussed. Detector factors include window (dead-layer) effects, time-dependent background and excess background. Noise parameters of field-effect transistors and time-variant pulse shaping are also discussed.

One of the most important steps in the seismic design process is the specification of the appropriate ground motion to be input into the design analysis. From the point-of-view of engineering design analysis, the important parameters are peak ground acceleration, spectral shape and peak spectral levels. In a few cases, ground displacement is a useful parameter. The earthquake is usually specified by giving its magnitude and either the epicentral distance or the distance of the closest point on the causitive fault to the site. Typically, the appropriate ground motion parameters are obtained using the specified magnitude and distance in equations obtained from regression analysis among the appropriate variables. Two major difficulties with such an approach are: magnitude is not the best parameter to use to define the strength of an earthquake, and little near-field data is available to establish the appropriate form for the attenuation of the ground motion with distance, source size and strength. These difficulties are important for designing a critical facility; i.e., one for which a very low risk of exceeding the design ground motion is required. Examples of such structures are nuclear power plants, schools and hospitals. for such facilities, a better understanding of the relation …

The purpose was to develop and use a model to assess the risk associated with the shipment of nuclear and non-nuclear hazardous energy-related materials. The analysis method comprises the steps of describing the system, identifying the release sequence, evaluating the sequence, and calculating and assessing the risk. Plutonium shipment is used as an example. Uses of this method to improve transportation safety are discussed. 12 fig. (DLC)

Neutral injection into 2XIIB has started and sustained a hot ion plasma of n/sub h/ = 10/sup 13/ - 10/sup 14/ cm/sup -3/ and anti E/sub i/ = 9 to 14 keV. The experiment and its interpretation are discussed.

Results of recent beam tests of a physics prototype Cerenkov Ring Imaging Detector (CRID) for the SLD experiment at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC) are presented. The system includes both liquid (C/sub 6/F/sub 14/) and gas (isobutane) radiators and an 80 cm long Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with a gaseous TMAE (Tetrakis-Dimethylamino-Ethylene) photocathode and charge division readout of proportional wires. Handling of TMAE and development of a gas delivery system are discussed. Design considerations for the construction of the TPC anode planes are presented. Measurements of the multiplicity of detected Cerenkov photons, of Cerenkov angles, and the resolution with both radiators are presented. The particle identification capability of this detector is discussed.

A 12 sec long Main Ring cycle was used with an unbunched beam of low intensity to measure the change of the revolution frequency of the beam as a function of the central momentum setting determined by the magnetic field. The transition gamma was determined as the first order term in the change in the revolution frequency versus fractional change in the momentum, but the nonlinear term {alpha}{sub 1} could not be determined because of the limited momentum aperture of the Main Ring and the present measurement resolution.