Resource Type

On Cratering: A Brief History, Analysis, and Theory of Cratering (open access)

On Cratering: A Brief History, Analysis, and Theory of Cratering

Cratering is a subject that has been studied by many investigators for many years for many purposes. These purposes range from experimental studies of physical properties to large scale excavations using explosive charges of kiloton size. In the past ten years considerable effort has been devoted to cratering experiments for the purposes of determining the effects of cratering by nuclear explosions, with recent accent on Plowshare applications. From the large amount of data available for craters in alluvian has been possible to establish very reliable relationships between charge size, depth of bursty crater radii, and crater depths. In addition it has been possible to construct a preliminary theory of the mechanics of explosive crater formation. The available experimental data for nuclear and high explosive craters are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the data for desert alluvium, and the pertinent relationships are derived. A theory of the important cratering mechanisms, which has been evolved on the basis of these data and data from other sources, is outlined. (auth)
Date: August 22, 1961
Creator: Nordyke, M. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Preparation of Charge Materials for Ornl Electromagnetic Isotope Separators (open access)

Preparation of Charge Materials for Ornl Electromagnetic Isotope Separators

SEPARATORS. C. W. Sheridan, H. R. Gwinn, and L. O. Descriptions are given of procedures, techniques, and equipment used to prepare charge materials for electromagnetic isotope separators at ORNL. Data on ion outputs during processing, charge consumption rates, and process efficiencies are given for 54 elements. (auth)
Date: August 1, 1962
Creator: Sheridan, C W; Gwinn, H R & Love, L O
System: The UNT Digital Library
Structural analysis of the West Hackbery No. 6 SPR storage cavern (open access)

Structural analysis of the West Hackbery No. 6 SPR storage cavern

Four separate structural analyses of the West Hackberry No. 6 SPR storage cavern are presented. One analysis covers the creep response of the cavern beginning shortly before the time when an accidental fire occurred and proceeding through the cavern recertification pressure test. The second analysis models the surface uplife that is expected during the same pressure test. The third and fourth numerical studies investigate the structural response of West Hackberry No. 6 to slabbing and a rapid pressure drop. All analyses indicate that this cavern should be structurally stable for the conditions assumed.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Benzley, S.E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic Properties of Insulators. Quarterly Report No. 2 Covering Period May 15, 1961 to August 15, 1961 (open access)

Magnetic Properties of Insulators. Quarterly Report No. 2 Covering Period May 15, 1961 to August 15, 1961

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of color centers in additively colored KCl crystals is measured to observe the effects of optical bleaching at room temperature. Earlier measurements on the F-center are confirmed and the susceptibility is measured at 78 and 300 deg K over five decades of power, including the very low power region. The width and the saturation properties of the individual multiplets are studied in detail and the technique of making E PR measurements on inhomogeneously broadened lines is discussed. A calculation is presented which shows that a slight departure from a Lorentzian multiplet shape can account for the saturation data. The bleached crystals show a resonance which has a width of 35 gauss and a different rate of saturation than the F- center. This resonance is associated with the B-band which appears in the optical absorption. (auth)
Date: August 30, 1961
Creator: Markham, J. J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Technology Division, Unit Operations Section Monthly Progress Report, February 1962 (open access)

Chemical Technology Division, Unit Operations Section Monthly Progress Report, February 1962

In the operation of 6-in.-dia. foam-liquid columns, increase in either the liquid flow or foam flow caused increased channeling with increased HTU. Flooding values for the Immi mixer-settler were obtalned using the amine extraction final cycle Pu flowsheet. Two tests of the addltlon of uranyl nitrate to a thoria sol were made, one of which gave a good product and the other a product which disintegrated during calcination. Material balances for 22 waste calcination runs are summarized. (auth)
Date: August 23, 1962
Creator: Whatley, M. E.; Haas, P. A.; Horton, R. W.; Ryon, A. D.; Suddath, J. C. & Watson, C. D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Organic components of nuclear wastes and their potential for altering radionuclide distribution when released to soil (open access)

Organic components of nuclear wastes and their potential for altering radionuclide distribution when released to soil

Normal waste processing at the Hanford operations requires the use of many organic materials, chiefly in the form of complexing agents and diluents. These organic materials and their chemical and radiolytic degradation products, have potential for complexing fission products and transuranium elements, both in the waste streams and upon infiltration into soil, perhaps influencing future sorption or migration of the nuclides. Particular complexation characteristics of various nuclides which constitute the major fission products, long-lived isotopes, and the most mobile in radioactive wastes are discussed briefly with regards to their anticipated sorption or mobility in soils. Included in the discussion are Am, Sb, Ce, Cs, Co, Cm, Eu, I, Np, Pm, Pu, Ra, Ru, Sr, Tc, U, and Zr. 107 references.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: McFadden, K.M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Biotelemetry study of spring and summer habitat selection by striped bass in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, 1978. [Morone saxatilis] (open access)

Biotelemetry study of spring and summer habitat selection by striped bass in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, 1978. [Morone saxatilis]

Habitat selection of 31 adult striped bass was monitored by temperature sensing ultrasonic and radio transmitters in Cherokee Reservoir, Tennessee, from March through October 1978. This study sought to corroborate summer data obtained by Waddle (1979) in 1977 and to examine mechanisms of habitat selection by observing establishment of the summer distribution. During the spring and early summer months the striped bass ranged throughout the study area in the downstream half of the reservoir. Fish stayed near the bottom at the preferred temperatures throughout the whole study, and no individuals were observed in open water. Movement rates of up to 2.6 km/day were estimated, and rates of 1 km/day were common in the spring. By late July they were apparently avoiding low dissolved oxygen (D.O.) concentrations (<3 mg/l) near the bottom of the main reservoir and epilimnion temperatures greater than 22/sup 0/C, and they moved into cool, oxygenated spring or creek channels (refuges). Low movement rates of 0 to 25 m/day within these refuges occurred. The rates of the few migrations between refuges could not be estimated. Tagged fish moved out of the refuges 3 to 4 weeks after the fall overturn when reservoir temperatures approximated 22 to 24/sup 0/C.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Schaich, B.A. & Coutant, C.C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental assessment for the Satellite Power System (SPS) Concept Development and Evaluation Program (CDEP). [Microwave and non-microwave health and ecological assessment] (open access)

Environmental assessment for the Satellite Power System (SPS) Concept Development and Evaluation Program (CDEP). [Microwave and non-microwave health and ecological assessment]

In the satellite power system (SPS), satellites in geosynchronous earth orbit would collect solar energy in space, convert it to microwaves, and transmit the microwaves to receiving antennas (rectennas) on earth. At the rectennas, the microwave energy would be converted to electricity. This SPS environmental assessment considers the microwave and nonmicrowave effects on the terrestrial environment and human health, atmospheric effects, and effects on electromagnetic systems. No environmental problem has been identified that would preclude the continued study of SPS technology. To increase the certainty of the assessment, some research has been initiated and long-term research is being planned.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Valentino, A.R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
EVALUATION OF ULTIMATE DISPOSAL METHOD FOR LIQUID AND SOLID RADIOACTIVE WASTES. PART I. INTERIM LIQUID STORAGE (open access)

EVALUATION OF ULTIMATE DISPOSAL METHOD FOR LIQUID AND SOLID RADIOACTIVE WASTES. PART I. INTERIM LIQUID STORAGE

As the first part of a study to evaluate the economics of the various steps leading to and including the permanent disposal of high-activity liquid and solid radioactive waste, costs of interim liquid storage of acid and alkaline Purex and Thorex wastes were estimated for storage times of 0.5 to 30 years. A 6- ton/day plant was assumed, processing 1500 tons/year of uranium converter fuel at a burnup of 10,000 Mwd/ton and 270 tons/year of thorium converter fuel at a burnup of 20,000 Mwd/ton. Tanks of Savannah River design were assumed, with stainless steel construction for acid wastes and mild steel construction for neutralized wastes. The operating cycle of each tank was assumed to consist of equal filling and emptying periods plus a full (or dead) period. With interim storage time defined as filling time plus full time, tank costs were minimum when full time was 40 to 70% of the interim storage time, using present worth considerations. For waste storage times of 0.5 to 30 years, costs ranged from 2.2 x 10/sup -3/ to 9.5 x 10/sup -3/ mill/kwh/sub e/ for acid wastes and from 1.7 x 10/sup -3/ to 5.1 x 10/sup -3/ mill/kwh/sub e/ for neutralized wastes. …
Date: August 22, 1961
Creator: Bradshaw, R.L.; Perona, J.J.; Roberts, J.T. & Blomeke, J.O.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geostatistics project of the national uranium resource evaluation program. Progress report, October 1979-March 1980 (open access)

Geostatistics project of the national uranium resource evaluation program. Progress report, October 1979-March 1980

During the period covered by this report, the authors investigated the serial properties of aerial radiometric data. Results were applied to the choice of minimum segment width in the maximum variance segments algorithm and to the use of aerial radiometric data in the design of ground sampling experiments. The report also presents the results of a comparison of normal and lognormal percentile estimation techniques. Twenty-two quadrangles are being analyzed in the search for a uranium favorability index. Computer codes developed during this investigation have been provided to the Bendix Field Engineering Corporation in Grand Junction, Colorado.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Campbell, K.; Bement, T. R.; Howell, J. A.; Beckman, R. J.; Jackson, K. & Buslee, P.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The collaborative program of research in engineering sciences (open access)

The collaborative program of research in engineering sciences

Research programs in the following areas are briefly described: High-Temperature Gas-Particle Reactions; Mathematical Modelling of Plasma Systems; Metal Transfer in Gas Metal-Arc Welding; Multivariable Control of Gas Metal-Arc Welding; Synthesis of Heat and Work Integration Systems for Chemical Process Plants; Parity Simulation of Dynamic Processes; Fundamentals of Elastic-Plastic Fracture: Three-Dimensional and Mechanistic Modelling; and Comminution of Energy Materials. Publications from each program are listed.
Date: August 1, 1989
Creator: White, D.C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen bonding in asphaltenes and coal. Progress report, March 1, 1977--August 31, 1977 (open access)

Hydrogen bonding in asphaltenes and coal. Progress report, March 1, 1977--August 31, 1977

A calorimetric method is presented for the simultaneous evaluation of equilibrium constant, K, and molar enthalpy, ..delta..H/sup 0/, for 1 : 1 adduct formation of quinoline (Qu) with asphaltene (A), together with its acid/neutral (AA) fraction and its base (BA) fraction, isolated from a centrifuged liquid product (CLP) sample prepared from Kentucky hvAb coal at 27.6 MPa hydrogen pressure and 723K, with reactor charged with glass pellets. The same procedure was used to determine K and ..delta..H/sup 0/ for 1 : 1 adduct formation of Qu with asphaltene and heavy oils obtained from CLP samples (FB-53) prepared with CoMo catalyst at different run times and process conditions. The effects of the CoMo catalyst, run time, and residence times on viscosity, molecular weight, ..delta..H/sup 0/, heteratom content, contents of preasphaltene, asphaltene and heavy oil, aromaticity, and structural parameters, are determined. These findings lead to the conclusion that hydrogen bonding plays an important role in determining viscosity, and contributes more to the enthalpy of interaction than does ..pi..-interaction. The toluene-insoluble fraction, asphaltene (whole, acid/neutral and base fractions), and heavy oil were isolated from a solvent-refined-coal (SRC) conversion product. Data obtained from several infrared and viscosity experiments indicate that the behavior of different …
Date: August 1, 1977
Creator: Li, N. C. & Tewari, K. C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental monitoring at major U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration contractor sites: calendar year 1976. Volume 2 (open access)

Environmental monitoring at major U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration contractor sites: calendar year 1976. Volume 2

The purpose of this compilation is to present, in a central reference document, all of the individual annual reports summarizing the results of the environmental monitoring programs conducted at each of the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) sites having a potential for environmental impact or which release a significant quantity of radioactivity or nonradioactive pollutants. Data on the levels of radioactivity and nonradioactive pollutants in effluents and the environs at each site are given, and effluent and environmental measurements and sampling results are evaluated in relation to the appropriate standards for environmental protection, including estimates of potential radiation exposures offsite. It is noteworthy that, in most cases, the potential offsite exposures are so low they cannot be determined by direct measurement methods but must be estimated by calculational techniques. All potential offsite exposures to members of the public from routine effluent releases in 1976 were less than 5 mrem/yr (i.e., less than one percent of the established radiation protection guidelines for exposure of the public). Additionally, the estimated collective man-rem dose potential to all members of the public within an 80 Km radius at all ERDA sites is less than .02 percent of the estimated man-rem dose due to …
Date: August 1, 1977
Creator: unknown
System: The UNT Digital Library
THE FERRITE BIASING SYSTEM FOR THE RADIO FREQUENCY CAVITIES OF THE PRINCETON-PENNSYLVANIA 3 Bev PROTON SYNCHROTRON (open access)

THE FERRITE BIASING SYSTEM FOR THE RADIO FREQUENCY CAVITIES OF THE PRINCETON-PENNSYLVANIA 3 Bev PROTON SYNCHROTRON

A description is given of the ferrite biasing system for the four tuned radio frequency cavities of the synchrotron. Each ferrite loaded double cavity has a single turn bias winding which is driven to a peak current of 13,500 amperes by a push-pull transformer arrangement. There is automatic tap changing of the transformer to accommodate the variable impedance load (for power considerations). The programming and frequency response of the system have to be such that each cavity can operate as the reso nant circuit of a self tracking radio frequency amplifier over the frequency range 6.5 to 30 Mc at the 20 cps repetition rate of the synchrotron. Between acceleration cycles it is necessary to program the ferrite to a given magnetic state, near that of maximum radio frequency permeability. (auth)
Date: August 29, 1962
Creator: Rees, G.H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
REACTOR MAIN COOLANT LOOP (open access)

REACTOR MAIN COOLANT LOOP

A parametric study was made for the POPR with temperature gradients of 610 to 670 deg F and 6l0 to 684.5 deg F at organic flow rates of 17.8 x l0/sup 6/ and l4.4 x l0/sup 6/ lbs/hr, respectively; and steam turbine conditions at the throttle of 600 and 650 deg F at 800 to l200 psig. The study was made to obtain the most economical layout of the main heat transfer loop system. (B.O.G.)
Date: August 1, 1961
Creator: Terpe, G.R. & Katz, B.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bodcau In Situ Combustion Project. Third annual report, July 1, 1978-August 31, 1979 (open access)

Bodcau In Situ Combustion Project. Third annual report, July 1, 1978-August 31, 1979

This project is a cooperative venture between Cities Service Company and the US Department of Energy. The main objective is to demonstrate the operation and economics of a successful commercial scale In Situ Combustion Project in a heavy oil reservoir. This Third Annual Report deals primarily with performance, development and economics of the project in the third year of operation, with pertinent information from the First and Second Annual Report included for background information. The five elongated patterns were developed for this demonstration on Cities Service Company's Bodcau Fee B lease in the Bellevue Field, Bossier, Parish, Louisiana. This field was discovered in 1921 and is a dome type structure covering approximately 900 productive acres. Production is from the Upper Cretaceous Nacatoch Sand occurring from 300 to 400 feet deep. Primary production by fluid expansion and later gravity drainage amounted to only about five percent of the original oil-in-place. Thirty-eight producers, five injectors and five temperature observation wells are included in the 19-acre project. Estimated recoverable reserves from the project is 700,000 barrels. During the first three years of the contract, cumulative air and water injection has been 7,046,589 MCF and 1,319,270 barrels. Oil production has been 449,816 barrels. This …
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Garvey, J.; Pusch, W. H. & Fulford, R. S.
System: The UNT Digital Library
A PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON MECHANICAL METALLURGY AS RELATED TO FUEL-ELEMENT FABRICATION. Quarterly Progress Report for the Period Ending June 30, 1961 (open access)

A PROGRAM OF RESEARCH ON MECHANICAL METALLURGY AS RELATED TO FUEL-ELEMENT FABRICATION. Quarterly Progress Report for the Period Ending June 30, 1961

Results of crawing experiments using 3/8-in. bars to provide rod and tube test specimens are reported. In mechanical metallurgy investigations on the relation of formability to imperfection structure the peierls potentials for dislocation of Nb, Mo, Ta, and W were measured. Design and construction of a microextensometer reported. The investigations of the effects of grain size on the stored energy cold work were extended to a new lot OFHC Cu. In studies of formability relations with imperfection structure, a detailed study is reported on the internal-friction relaxation spectrum of Ta relatively unmodified by impurities. A summary of interstitial impurity effects on the internal-friction of Ta is given. (J.R.D.)
Date: August 31, 1961
Creator: Trozera, T Z; Koyama, K; White, J L & Chambers, R H
System: The UNT Digital Library
WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SEMIANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT, JULY--DECEMBER 1966 (open access)

WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SEMIANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT, JULY--DECEMBER 1966

None
Date: August 31, 1968
Creator: Blanco, R. E. & Parker, F. L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design considerations for a steam-injection pilot with in-situ foaming (open access)

Design considerations for a steam-injection pilot with in-situ foaming

This report reviews the necessary aspects of the planning, operation, evaluation, environmental impact and cost to implement a field pilot of steam injection with in-situ foaming. The Stanford University Petroleum Research Institute (SUPRI) is planning to implement such a pilot in Kern County, California. The cost of the pilot will be shared by the US Department of Energy and an oil company. Some important aspects of drilling and completion programs and their specifications, permits from regulatory bodies, and downhole tools to improve steam stimulation are discussed. The essential surface facilities which include water treatment plant, steam generator, demulsifier and dehydrator are considered. The necessary laboratory research in support of the pilot has been recommended. The formation evaluation and reservoir engineering effort for the pilot has been divided into three phases: reservoir definition, reservoir monitoring and post-pilot study. Appropriate techniques applicable to each phase of the test have been discussed. The environmental impact regulations as related to the steam injection process have been considered. In particular, the environmental problems associated with the burning of crude oil and desulfurization of flue gas have been discussed. Other environmental considerations such as solid and liquid waste disposal, health and safety are also discussed. An …
Date: August 1, 1982
Creator: Siddiqui, M.H.; Sanyal, S.K. & Horn, A.J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gravity survey of the Escalante Desert and vicinity, in Iron and Washington Counties, Utah (open access)

Gravity survey of the Escalante Desert and vicinity, in Iron and Washington Counties, Utah

During the summers of 1978 and 1979, a total of 436 new gravity stations were taken in the southern part of the Escalante Desert and vicinity in Iron and Washington counties, Utah. The new stations were combined with 917 other stations taken in previous surveys, and a total of 1353 stations were used in this study, covering an area of about 2700 mi/sup 2/ (7000 km/sup 2/). The purpose of the study was to help evaluate the potential of geothermal resources within the survey area, which includes the Newcastle and Lund KGRA's. All the gravity data were terrain corrected out to a radial distance of 166.7 km from each station, using a computer terrain-correction program. The data were compiled and presented as a complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map with a 2-mgal contour interval. A geologic interpretation of the gravity data was made qualitatively from the gravity map and also quantitatively from four easterly trending gravity profiles taken across the area.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Pe, W. & Cook, K.L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Calculation of three-dimensional MHD equilibria with islands and stochastic regions (open access)

Calculation of three-dimensional MHD equilibria with islands and stochastic regions

A three-dimensional MHD equilibrium code is described that does not assume the existence of good surfaces. Given an initial guess for the magnetic field, the code proceeds by calculating the pressure-driven current and then by updating the field using Ampere's law. The numerical algorithm to solve the magnetic differential equation for the pressure-driven current is described, and demonstrated for model fields having islands and stochastic regions. The numerical algorithm which solves Ampere's law in three dimensions is also described. Finally, the convergence of the code is illustrated for a particular stellarator equilibrium with no large islands.
Date: August 1, 1986
Creator: Reiman, A. & Greenside, H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Separate effects test stand for obtaining hydrotransport data (open access)

Separate effects test stand for obtaining hydrotransport data

Based on earlier hydrotransport research by English and Russian researchers, a special test stand has been designed and constructed to obtain data to determine hydraulic drag, pipe wear, and comminution of particles. These data are intended for design and separate-effects operating information. This information will be used to supplement data developed by the Hydrotransport Research Facility located at the Pittsburgh Mining Operations, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. This report describes the equipment as designed, explains how the hydraulic drag is calculated using test-stand data, and presents some preliminary tests results using water. Tests using water are continuing to further substantiate the system and later, tests will be started using slurries.
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Allen, C. H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Two-phase flow studies. Final report (open access)

Two-phase flow studies. Final report

Progress on the following is reported: literature survey, design of two-phase flow testing facility, design of nozzle loop, thermophysical properties, design manual, and advanced energy conversion systems. (MHR)
Date: August 1, 1980
Creator: Kestin, J. & Maeder, P. F.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Multi-layer universal correction magnet (open access)

Multi-layer universal correction magnet

This paper presents an approach for constructing a universal correction magnet in which the return currents play an active role in determining the field. The return currents are not hidden by the iron shield. The coil is wound in many layers, instead of just one layer. Each layer has a particular symmetry, and generates a particular class of field multipoles such that the location of the return current for each independently excited current block is clear. Three layers may be sufficient in many cases. This approach is applied to the ISABELLE storage accelerator correction system.
Date: August 1, 1981
Creator: Parzen, G.
System: The UNT Digital Library