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Oral History Interview with Claude Frost, June 11, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Claude Frost, June 11, 2016

Claude Frost was born in Houston and lived in Clinton Park, a neighborhood near Houston's Ship Channel. He recall's his experiences growing up in the area, and how an instance of police brutality (the killing of his neighbor) sparked his activism. Furthermore, he discusses the role of the Peoples Party II in the community, the Dowling Street Shootout in detail, and the aftermath of Carl Hampton's death. Mr. Frost also discusses how the Black Panther Party was established in Houston and how his work through the BPP influenced his adult life.
Date: June 11, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Frost, Claude
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with William Lawson, June 20, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with William Lawson, June 20, 2016

William Lawson was born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1928. He arrived in Houston and worked at Texas Southern University where he became involved in the Civil Rights Movement. Reverend Lawson discussed the Weingarten Sit In, desegregation of public spaces in Houston, and Martin Luther King's visit to Houston. He also discuses the establishment of the Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church in the community and how it has become a hub for social movements. He also discusses the founding of the William A. Lawson Institute for Peace and Prosperity in 1996 and how it has helped the community.
Date: June 20, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Lawson, William
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Jean Wilkins-Dember, June 23, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Jean Wilkins-Dember, June 23, 2016

Jean Wilkins-Dember, referred to as Mother Dember, was born in 1930 in Brooklyn, New York. After becoming involved in police brutality work and racial equality efforts in New York, she would move to the historic African American neighborhood of Third Ward in Houston, TX. She talks about her involvement in multicultural organizing and the psychological affects of racial oppression. Dember has participated for many years in the National Black United Front and SHAPE Community Center's Elder Institute of Wisdom. She talks about how she uses confrontational therapy to address police brutality and mass incarceration.
Date: June 23, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Wilkins-Dember, Jean
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Elwyn Lee, June 22, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Elwyn Lee, June 22, 2016

Elwin Lee was born in Virgina and was raised in Third Ward, a historic African American neighborhood in Houston, TX. He talks about segregation in Houston, the vibrancy of Third Ward, and the Texas Southern University "riot." Lee also discusses how he went to Yale Law School and returned to Houston to become the first African American tenured at the University of Houston Law School. After serving as the director of African American Studies for a couple of years and reviving the program, Lee built upon the student and community relationships he developed at the time to serve as the Vice President of Student Affairs. He discusses how he is currently involved in efforts to bridge the university and Third Ward by figuring out how the school can assist education, health, and economic empowerment.
Date: June 22, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Lee, Elwyn
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Priscilla Graham, June 22, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Priscilla Graham, June 22, 2016

Priscilla Graham was born in Georgia in 1968. During her childhood, schools were integrated in Georgia, where she experiences protection from both Black and White teachers. Ms. Graham joined the military where she experiences sexism. She attends TSU where she received her degree in accounting. In Houston, Ms. Graham becomes involved at the YMCA across Harris County, working at several branches. She became the executive director of the Houston Texans YMCA in Sunnyside. Ms. Graham has also been involved in the preservation of African American history in Houston, in particularly Freedman's Town. She discusses the different efforts, past and present, to preserve one of the most historic African American neighborhoods in the city.
Date: June 22, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Graham, Priscilla
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bobby Caldwell, June 29, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Bobby Caldwell, June 29, 2016

Bobby Caldwell was born in Dallas in 1934. He grew up in different areas of Dallas, and faced barriers with discrimination and health issues as he had polio at age 3. He moved to Houston to attend Texas Southern University, and in 1957, he earned his law degree. He began practicing law in the 1960s, and quickly became involved in defending student activists, beginning with SNCC. Mr. Caldwell also became involved in pressing HISD to include African American studies in their curriculum, a movement led by the NAACP. In the late 1960s and into the 1970s, he began defending more militant activists including the members of the Peoples Party II, the TSU Five, and other student movements across the country. In 2014, Caldwell received a Lifetime Award from the Black Panthers for his commitment to defend Houston's African American community.
Date: June 29, 2016
Creator: Caldwell, Bobby; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with David T. Lopez, June 27, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with David T. Lopez, June 27, 2016

David T. Lopez was born in Laredo, TX. He attended the University of Texas at Austin, where he became involved as a reporter and editor for the Daily Texan and the Texas Ranger. His involvement in news reporting lead him to work for the Corpus Christi Caller-Times, where he reported on Black and Brown efforts in school desegregation. Attracted by Cesar Chavez and United Farm Workers movement, Lopez would participate in the strikes in the Rio Grande Valley and would report on the repressive tactics of the Texas Rangers as a plaintiff in the Medrano v. Allee lawsuit. He eventually got his law degree at South Texas College of Law in Houston and worked as a field representative for the AFL-CIO. Lopez discusses how he served on the HISD school board, the politics of the Huelga School Strike, how he was one of the first lecturers for the University of Houston Center for Mexican American Studies, and police brutality.
Date: June 27, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Lopez, David T.
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with John "Bunchy" Crear, June 6, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with John "Bunchy" Crear, June 6, 2016

John "Bunchy" Crear was born in 1952. He grew up in Pleasantville, a predominately African American neighborhood in Houston, TX. After spending a few years in Los Angeles, California, he returned to Houston and joined the People's Party II. He discusses People's Party II's community programing and the Dowling Shootout, the Rainbow Coalition, and his later involvement in the Black Panther Party in Oakland, California. Crear also talks about the differences in racial discrimination in California versus Texas and his efforts to honor the life of Carl Hampton as well as the legacy of the Black Panther Party.
Date: June 6, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Crear, John
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Omowale Luthuli-Allen, June 17, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Omowale Luthuli-Allen, June 17, 2016

Omowale Lithuli-Allen was born in Amarillo in 1948, and grew up in Louisiana. He discusses growing up in the Jim Crow South and some of his early activism in high school. In 1966, he enrolled at the University of Houston, where he became involved in organizations such as COBER and Afro-Americans for Black Liberation (AABL). Following his activism at UH and Texas Southern University, he became involved in cross-racial coalitions, where he came together with Mexican American activists to address social, political, and economic inequalities in Houston. Mr. Lithuli-Allen also discusses the history of the role of SHAPE Center in the Third Ward, and his involvement with My Brother's Keeper, a youth outreach initiative by the Obama administration.
Date: June 17, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Luthuli-Allen, Omowale
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Macario Ramirez on June 15, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Macario Ramirez on June 15, 2016.

Macario Ramirez was born in 1937 in San Antonio. His family were migrant farm workers and traveled to the Midwest every year. He was in the military from 1956-59. Upon his return from the war, he gets involved in War on Poverty programs. Mr. Ramirez worked in Labor Training Programs in San Antonio, which eventually leads him to move to D.C. and work with a Man Power Training Program through the Department of Labor. He arrives in Houston and founded Casa Ramirez, a space that celebrate and provides culture and folklore to the Mexican American community of Houston.
Date: June 15, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra & Ramirez, Macario
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Harvey Johnson, June 14, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Harvey Johnson, June 14, 2016

Johnson discussed his "visual poetry," its' connection to civil rights, and the need for a "new vocabulary" in our study of the past and in tackling contemporary social problems.
Date: June 14, 2016
Creator: Grevious, Danielle; Bobadilla, Eladio & Johnson, Harvey
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Steve Flores and Jesse Fuentes, June 28, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Steve Flores and Jesse Fuentes, June 28, 2016

Steven "Steve" Flores was born in 1954 in Houston, TX. Growing up in a segregated environment, he witnessed red lining and HISD's false pairing plan to integrate the schools. Due to an NAACP lawsuit that forced the phone company to hire minorities, Flores was hired at Southwestern Bell and would eventually become a shop steward. He discusses his involvement in the Latino Labor Leadership Council, how unions have provided a space for cross-racial collaboration, and what collective bargaining means. Flores also talks about how the immigrant rights movement and the labor movement intersect and his role as the vice president of the Communications Workers of America. Jesse Fuentes was born in San Antonio in 1956. He would migrate to Houston when he was fifteen years old. He discusses how the push for minority hires paved the way for his to get hired at AT&T. After becoming a shop steward and rising in the ranks of the Communications Workers of America union, he would become involved in the Latino Council for Latin American Advocacy where he remains very active in the area of voter registration. Fuentes talks about how union organizing paves the way for cross-racial collaboration. Later in his adult …
Date: June 28, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha; Flores, Steve & Fuentes, Jesse
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christina Morales on June 30, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Christina Morales on June 30, 2016.

Christina Morales was born in the East End, a Mexican-American enclave in Houston, TX. As the granddaughter of Felix H. Morales and Angela Morales, she grew up in the Morales Funeral Home and became the director at the young age of twenty-three. Morales discusses the many efforts of her grandparents to provide social services for the Latina/o community. She speaks about how her grandmother was dedicated to philanthropy and how she has become involved in education campaigns through the Morales foundation. Morales also talks about how her grandfather established the first Spanish-language radio station, KLVL, and how it provided news and job advertisements.The Morales Funeral home had to establish their own cemetery because they ran into issues when trying to bury Mexican-Americans in Houston, and what it means for the community to memorialize the many efforts of her grandparents.
Date: June 30, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Morales, Christina
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Lupe Garcia, June 21, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Lupe Garcia, June 21, 2016

Lupe Garcia was born in 1943 in Sugar Land, a suburb of Houston, TX. He talks about his brother Macario Garcia, a decorated WWII veteran who was denied service at a Sugar Land restaurant after returning home. Macario Garcia's experience with segregation in Sugar Land would lead to LULAC Council #60 to utilize this incident as a means of further tackling Juan Crow. Lupe Garcia talks about how segregation functioned in Sugar Land and what his brother's legacy means for Latinas/os. He also talks about being politically involved in electoral politics.
Date: June 21, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Garcia, Lupe
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Juan Parras on June 16, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Juan Parras on June 16, 2016.

Juan Parras was born in Big Spring in 1949. He moved to San Antonio to attend seminary and attended St. Mary's in 1968 before transferring to the University of Houston in 1971. He began working at the Harris County Welfare Department where he led a walkout. Mr. Parras discusses unionizing and his 15 year career working with the International Union and other unions. His latest activism revolves around environmental justice issues and is the founder of Tejas Environmental Justice Advocacy Services (TEJAS), an organization working in Houston since 2006.
Date: June 16, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Parras, Juan
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Michelle Barnes, June 17, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Michelle Barnes, June 17, 2016

Michelle Barnes grew up in Third Ward, a historic African American neighborhood in Houston, TX. She talks about the social, cultural, and economic vibrancy of Third Ward and how the drowing of a child in Sunnyside sparked her involvement in the Committee for Better Race Relations and the fight for African American Studies. While at the University of Houston, she played an active role in creating social organizations for Black students, particularly the creation of a Delta Sigma Theta chapter. Once she graduated from UH, Barnes participated in youth art programs at the SHAPE Community Center and eventually co-founded the Community Artists' Collective, which originally focused on providing a cooperative space for female African American artists and continues to be a major hub for African American art. She ends the interview by talking about how gentrification has affected the Third Ward community.
Date: June 17, 2016
Creator: Barnes, Michelle; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Arturo Eureste, June 8, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Arturo Eureste, June 8, 2016

Arturo Eureste was born in Waelder, TX in 1954. He comes from a family that has been politically active as his father was involved in groups like PASSO and LULAC while his brother was a member of more radical movements such as MAYO. He discusses how his family involvement encouraged him to become active in efforts like the UFW Boycott, and through MAYO and LRUP in Houston. Mr. Eureste also shares his work with the Association for the Advancement of Mexican Americans (AMMA) and his current involvement in the community.
Date: June 8, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Eureste, Arturo
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Peggy Fontenette-Yates, June 10, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Peggy Fontenette-Yates, June 10, 2016

Peggy Fontenette Yates was born in Houston in 1946 and grew up in Pleasantville, a historic African American neighborhood of Houston. She discusses her mom's involvement in the community through civic organizations and her brother's experience at the University of Houston as one of the school's first Black students. Ms. Yates also shared her business ventures as she owned and ran Fontenette's Restaurant in the 1970s, and her experience in nursing school and becoming a nurse subsequently. Currently, she is a member of SHAPE's Elders Institute of Wisdom, and is involved in the community through her project Woman's Roots prison aftercare program.
Date: June 10, 2016
Creator: Rodriguez, Samantha & Fontenette-Yates, Peggy
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Reynaldo Rodriguez, June 13, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Reynaldo Rodriguez, June 13, 2016

Reynaldo Rodriguez was born in 1947 in Corpus Christi. He discusses growing up in Corpus and briefly shared his Vietnam War experience and how it took him to Alaska. Upon being discharged from the military, he attends Del Mar College and decides to attend the University of Houston. Mr. Rodriguez discusses his activism during college in MAYO, the struggle to create the Center for Mexican American Studies (CMAS), and the painting of the UH Chicano Mural. He also discusses his involvement in LRUP and the founding of Centro Aztlan in the East End.
Date: June 13, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Rodriguez, Reynaldo
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Louise Villejo on June 15, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Louise Villejo on June 15, 2016.

Louise Villejo was born in 1953 in San Antonio, TX. She migrated to Houston when she was three years old and grew up witnessing white flight in the Sunnyside neighborhood in Houston. After attending Catholic schools, she become involved in the University of Houston Mexican American Youth Organization. Villejo talks about how she was a leader in Mujeres Unidas, an organization where Chicana feminists addressed women's issues and developed Teatro Mujeres Unidas. At this time, she was involved in cross-racial efforts as a ethnic student council representative. Villejo also discusses her participation in and experiences with some of the major Chicana and mainstream feminist conferences, including the 1975 Chicana Identity Conference, the 1975 International Women's Year Conference in Mexico City, and the 1977 International Women's Year Conference. She describes the Jose Campos Torres incident and the Moody Park Rebellion. She ends the interview by talking about her involvement in Latina/o patient advocacy, something she has dedicated her adult life to.
Date: June 15, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Villejo, Louise
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ray Hill, June 21, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Ray Hill, June 21, 2016

Ray Hill was born in Galena Park in 1940. He grew up in a blue collar household, and became involved with the NAACP at an early age. After travelling around the country, he returned to Houston and is prosecuted for burglary. Upon leaving jail, he becomes involved in the LGBT scene and movements in Houston including the founding of Pride, the Montrose Center, and through HIV/AIDS advocacy. Mr. Hill also led the prosecution of the Paul Broussard case in 1991. In 1980, he began the Prison Show and has continued to be involved in radio shows and media ventures since.
Date: June 21, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Hill, Ray
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carlos Calbillo, June 24, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Carlos Calbillo, June 24, 2016

Carlos Calbillo was born in Magnolia in 1949 and grew up in Pasadena. He began his activism at San Jacinto Community College when he was kicked out for not shaving his beard. In his early college years, he is a part of SDS and the Worker's World Union. Mr. Calbillo became involved with PASSO after meeting Leonel Castillo at an MLK Solidarity March in the Third Ward in 1968. Soon, he is leading voter registration drives in Pasadena, working at the Chicano Training Center, and for VISTA. In the 70s, Mr. Calbillo gravitates to the more millitant Chicano Movement where he becomes involved in writing Papel Chicano and protesting HISD integration policies. He also joins the movement in other areas of the country including California and Colorado. In the latter half of the 70s, Mr. Calbillo began working at a TV station, prompting him to begin a show called "Reflejos del Barrio" and create local documentaries including one about Joe Campos Torres.
Date: June 24, 2016
Creator: Calbillo, Carlos; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Mike Espinoza, June 14, 2016 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Mike Espinoza, June 14, 2016

Michael "Mike" Espinoza was born in 1979 in the East End, a Mexican American enclave in Houston, TX. He grew up experiencing homelessness and having to join a gang in order to survive in his neighborhood. Having gained the assistance of the Ripley House on Navigation and the intervention of his parents, Espinosa would go on to attend Franklin Marshall College where he would develop a racial and political consciousness. He talked about how he would become involved in the Unviersity of Houston Movimiento Estudiantil Chicana/o de Aztlan and participate in efforts to address discrimination. His political involvement would reach a zenith when he became active in the fight for immigrant rights in the early 2000s. Espinoza spoke about how his community involvement lead him on a path to become an organizer for the SEIU Justice for Jaintors Campaign, a movement he is still involved in as a organizing consultant.
Date: June 14, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Espinoza, Mike
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cristina Martinez June 6, 2016. captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Cristina Martinez June 6, 2016.

Cristina E. Martinez was born in 1961 in Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. Arriving in the United States when she was twelve years old, her family settled in Katy, a northeastern suburb of Houston, Texas. She witnessed sexual discrimination due to her unwillingness to hide that she was a Mexican lesbian. Martinez would eventually be kicked out of her house and was taken in by LGBTQ members of the Montrose community. Due to her experiences, she would found a Rainbow House for queer youth who experienced homelessness. She has participated in several efforts to address Latina/o queer issues, including the founding of a Gay and Lesbian Rainbow Pages of supportive businesses and a Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce in San Antonio. She discusses how Latina/o LGBTQ issues have been left out of the mainstream LGBTQ movement as well as discrimination within the Latina/o community. Martinez also talks about her involvement in fundraising and organizing efforts through the Gay and Lesbian Latino Organization and the creation of AIDS advocacy campaigns. Due to her work in the Queer community, she has received numerous awards.
Date: June 29, 2016
Creator: Enriquez, Sandra & Martinez, Cristina
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History