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The general features of the mirror reactor design are discussed. Details of the blanket-coil geometry are shown. The inside face of the blanket segments are divided into individual pressure vessels. These submodules contain fissile breeding material located directly behind the first wall, a fusile breeding material behind the fertile breeder, and then coolant inlet and outlet plena. Two blankets are examined and compared in this study. One contains natural uranium plus 7 wt. percent Mo, the second contains thorium metal. The performance of these blankets is discussed. (MOW)

The conference included 10 papers, one of which appeared previously under conference number Conf: 770675-1. Separate abstracts were prepared for the remaining nine papers. (JFP)

Some general approaches to remote blanket change and servicing operations are briefly outlined for the LLL Field Reversed Mirror and Tandem Mirror Fusion reactors. Remote servicing system design requirements are briefly discussed. (RME)

Inorganic analysis of solid, liquid and gaseous samples from the Paraho Semiworks Retort was completed using a multitechnique approach. The data were statistically analyzed to determine both the precision of each method and to see how closely the various techniques compared. The data were also used to determine the redistribution of 31 trace and major elements in the various effluents, including the offgas for the Paraho Retort operating in the direct mode. The computed mass balances show that approximately 1% or greater fractions of the As, Co, Hg, N, Ni, S and Se are released during retorting and redistributed to the product shale oil, retort water or product offgas. The fraction for these seven elements ranged from almost 1% for Co and Ni to 50 to 60% for Hg and N. Approximately 20% of the S and 5% of the As and Se are released. The mass balance redistribution during retorting for Al, Fe, Mg, V and Zn was observed to be no greater than .05%. These redistribution figures are generally in agreement with previous mass balance studies made for a limited number of elements on laboratory or smaller scale pilot retorts. 7 tables.

Conceptual design studies have been carried out on an integrated fusion/chemical plant system using a Tandem Mirror Reactor fusion energy source to drive the General Atomic Sulfur-Iodine Water-Splitting Cycle and produce hydrogen as a future feedstock for synthetic fuels. Blanket design studies for the Tandem Mirror Reactor show that several design alternatives are available for providing heat at sufficiently high temperatures to drive the General Atomic Cycle. The concept of a Joule-boosted decomposer is introduced in one of the systems investigated to provide heat electrically for the highest temperature step in the cycle (the SO/sub 3/ decomposition step), and thus lower blanket design requirements and costs. Flowsheeting and conceptual process designs have been developed for a complete fusion-driven hydrogen plant, and the information has been used to develop a plot plan for the plant and to estimate hydrogen production costs. Both public and private utility financing approaches have been used to obtain hydrogen production costs of $12-14/GJ based on July 1980 dollars.

Success of the thermal shield system was demonstrated by the results of acceptance tests performed with the magnet and all its ancillary equipment. During these tests the thermal shield system was: (1) thermally cycled several times from 300/sup 0/K to 77/sup 0/K; (2) pressure cycled several times from 0 to 5 atmospheres; (3) operated for more than 500 hours at 77/sup 0/K and in a vacuum environment of less than 10/sup -5/ torr; (4) operated in a magnetic field up to 6.0 Telsa; (5) exposed to a rapidly collapsing magnetic field of more than 250 gauss per second; (6) drained of all LN/sub 2/ in a few minutes, without any weld failures. The successful (and relatively problem free) operation of the magnet system validates the choice of the welding processes used, as well as their execution in both shop and field environments.

We are reporting EPR results obtained with uranium powder samples fully oxidized in dry air, water vapor, and air/water vapor mixtures. The results reported previously are confirmed and additional paramagnetic centers, associated with chemisorbed species, have been identified. The temperature dependence of the g-value for these centers from room temperature to 10K is also reported.

Determination of invariant-plane strain crystallographic solutions for martensitic transformation between the FCC delta and monoclinic ..cap alpha.. phases in plutonium alloys, using three possible lattice correspondences and 53 possible lattice-invariant shear systems, identifies the most probable delta-..cap alpha.. lattice correspondence. The operative lattice-invariant shear systems are predicted by comparison of both shape strain magnitudes and computed interfacial energies. For delta ..-->.. ..cap alpha.. transformation twinning on (001) (100)/sub ..cap alpha../ is favored, giving a (.817, .538, .208)/sub delta/ habit and a (.947, .269, .174)/sub delta/ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .324. The ..cap alpha.. ..-->.. delta transformation favors slip on (111) (101)/sub delta/, giving a (.255, .844, .471)/sub ..cap alpha../ habit and (.822, .466, .355)/sub ..cap alpha../ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .417.

Heavy atoms and ions offer an interesting opportunity to study atomic physics in a region where the atomic structure is dominated by the interelectronic interactions. One illustration of this is the profound term dependence of atomic orbitals for certain configurations of heavy atoms and ions. The appearance of giant scattering resonances in the cross sections for ionization of heavy atoms by electron impact is a manifestation of resonance behavior. Such resonant structures arise from the double well nature of the scattering potential and have recently been identified in the cross sections for the electron impact ionization of several xenon-like ions. The results of calculations showing effects for a variety of other ions are summarized. 7 refs., 4 figs.

Predictions are presented of total cross sections for charm and bottom quark production in /bar p/p, ..pi../sup /minus//p, and pp interactions at fixed target and collider energies. The calculations are done through next-to-leading order in QCD perturbation theory. The sensitivity is explored of results to the choices of renormalization/evolution scale, parton densities, ..lambda../sub QCD/, and heavy flavor masses. Comparisons with available data show that good agreement is obtained for reasonable values of charm and bottom quark masses and other parameters. Open issues in the interpretation of results are summarized including the large size of the next-to-leading order contributions, proper definition of the gluon density, the nuclear A dependence of charm cross sections, the role of final state interactions, and higher twist effects. 39 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.

A clipping of an article by Susan Shelton for the Denton Record-Chronicle about the new NTIEVA program's reworking of art education in Metroplex schools. Another piece by Shelton that is included covers Dr. Warren Carver's support of the program.

A unique benchmark neutron field has been established at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to study deep penetration neutron transport. At LLNL, a tandem accelerator is used to generate a monoenergetic neutron source that permits investigation of deep neutron penetration under conditions that are virtually ideal to model, namely the transport of mono-energetic neutrons through a single material in a simple geometry. General features of the Lawrence Tandem (LATAN) benchmark field are described with emphasis on neutron source characteristics and room return background. The single material chosen for the first benchmark, LATAN-1, is a steel representative of Light Water Reactor (LWR) Pressure Vessels (PV). Also included is a brief description of the Little Boy replica, a critical reactor assembly designed to mimic the radiation doses from the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, and its us in neutron spectrometry. 18 refs.

We discuss the combined effects of hard scattering processes and intrinsic heavy-quark components in the hadron wavefunction on the x{sub f} dependence of J/{psi} production. The A dependence arises from nuclear absorption, comover interactions, shadowing of parton distributions, and intrinsic heavy quarks. 9 refs., 1 fig.

In this paper we describe a solution strategy to determine the natural frequencies of piezoelectric crystals subject to moderate changes in temperature and a variety of boundary constraints. The finite element equations governing piezoelectricity are derived based upon a Galerkin formulation of the problem. Suitable assumptions are made to linearize the steady-state (static) problem leading to an iteration scheme that can be used to refine the solution and include non-linear geometric effects caused by deformation. The eigenvalue problem is cast in this perturbed state to allow more accurate prediction of resonant frequencies.

In this paper we describe a solution strategy to determine the natural frequencies of piezoelectric crystals subject to moderate changes in temperature and a variety of boundary constraints. The finite element equations governing piezoelectricity are derived based upon a Galerkin formulation of the problem. Suitable assumptions are made to linearize the steady-state (static) problem leading to an iteration scheme that can be used to refine the solution and include non-linear geometric effects caused by deformation. The eigenvalue problem is cast in this perturbed state to allow more accurate prediction of resonant frequencies.

Longitudinal space-charge waves develop on heavy-ion inertial-fusion pulse from initial mismatches or from inappropriately timed or shaped accelerating voltages. Without correction, waves moving backward along the beam can grow due to the interaction with their resistively retarded image fields, eventually degrading the longitudinal emittance. A simple correction algorithm is presented here that uses a time-dependent axial electric field to reverse the direction of backward-moving waves. The image fields then damp these forward-moving waves. The method is demonstrated by fluid simulations of an idealized inertial-fusion driver, and practical problems in implementing the algorithm are discussed.

In this study, we limited our questions to ORNL, discussing their models with almost a dozen staff members from four divisions. We collected some low-level data about the models, and also tried to gain a sense of the philosophy of the modeler, and how each model fit into the larger perspective of ORNL`s and the scientific community`s efforts. Time and budget prevented us from conducting any larger study, but we have no reason to suppose that conclusions about ORNL`s models and modelers could not be extended to the larger scientific community.

Computerized alarm and access control systems must be treated as special entities rather than as generic automated information systems. This distinction arises due to the real-time control and monitoring functions performed by these systems at classified facilities and the degree of centralization of a site`s safeguards system information in the associated databases. As an added requirement for these systems, DOE safeguards and security classification policy is to protect information whose dissemination has the potential for significantly increasing the probability of successful adversary action against the facility, or lowering adversary resources needed for a successful attack. Thus at issue is just how valuable would specific alarm system information be to an adversary with a higher order objective. We have developed and applied a technical approach for determining the importance of information contained in computerized alarm and access control systems. The methodology is based on vulnerability assessment rather than blanket classification rules. This method uses a system architecture diagram to guide the analysis and to develop adversary defeat methods for each node and link. These defeat methods are evaluated with respect to required adversary resources, technical difficulty, and detection capability. Then they are incorporated into site vulnerability assessments to determine the significance …

Client/server systems have been touted as the next step in the advance of the computer into modern, computer-aided drafting (CAD), computer-aided engineering (CAE), geographical information systems (GIS), engineering information (EI) technology, and information technology (IT) society, but they are not a solution to every organizations problems when it comes to advanced computer technology. Some of the ideas that are presented here are {open_quotes}old hat.{close_quotes} Then I ask you, why don`t we follow there {open_quotes}old hat{close_quotes} principles? This paper attempts and explores the advantages and disadvantages of these popular systems. The client/server architecture, apart from its ability to manage CAD/CAE/GIS and EI/IT and deliver it to decision makers in a timely fashion, offers many compelling advantages. There is, however, a downside to the widespread acceptance of the client/server environment. Users who expect to save money may be very disappointed. This paper provides a set of guidelines to help senior managers determine whether client/server computing is right for their CAD/CAE/GIS and IT organizations. From this point on, the abbreviations, CAD/CAE/GIS and EI/IT will be jointly referred to as {open_quotes}EI/IT{close_quotes} systems.

Image processing can be a great asset to business process reengineering. This paper examines image processing`s impact on workflow and attempts to list the questions that should be addressed before imaging technology is introduced.

Change is the norm of the 1990s, and it will continue to be a major factor in running a company and/or organization as the coming decades unfold. The former cycle of change followed by stability is gone; change as a continuous reality is the new cycle. The necessity to be customer-driven implies a fundamental transformation of the way organizations and their managers choose to do business. Much has been learned about the way people interact with information systems/engineering information (IS/EI) systems technologies. The cultures of the Department of Energy`s (DOE) National Laboratories are built on a research and development (R and D) mentality that greatly increases the difficulty of building an effective IS/EI systems cross-functional group for various organizations. Classical planning approaches ignore cultural and organizational factors. These factors, however, are crucial in devising meaningful and relevant plans. Also, as more and more organizations strive to become competitive, the philosophy and concepts of total quality management (TQM) are receiving increased attention. This paper: discusses the possibility of applying manufacturing reengineering techniques to other industries to help them overcome the risk of failure; provides a comprehensive look at the changes that have occurred in the business environment since the advent of …

An engineering information (EI) and information technology (IT) organization that must improve its productivity should work to further its business goals. This paper explores a comprehensive model for increasing EI/IT productivity by supporting organizational objectives.

The symmetry of the ALS magnetic lattice is crucial in suppressing nonlinear structural resonances. Breaking the symmetry of the lattice can lead to a reduction in the dynamic aperture. The degree of symmetry breaking can be determined by fitting a magnetic lattice model to the measured orbit response matrix. This reveals a large beating of the vertical beta-function caused mainly by gradient errors in the QD quadrupole magnets. When the quadrupole field strengths are adjusted to compensate for the gradient errors, the symmetry of the lattice is restored. The new lattice has a larger dynamic aperture and an improved injection efficiency.