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Consolidation and compaction as a means to prevent settlement of bentonite/sandy silt mixes for use in waste disposal sites. [Low permeability mixture for caps and lining of waste disposal sites]
The texture of the local Los Alamos tuff is that of a sandy silt with a high hydraulic conductivity. The permeability is dramatically decreased by addition of small amounts of bentonite. The coefficient of consolidation for bentonite/sandy silt ratios decreases inversely proportional with the square of that ratio, whereas the compression index, the swelling index, and the permeability change index increase with increasing bentonite ratio. A strong relationship also exists between the void ratio and the logarithm of the applied stress for any given bentonite ratio. The empirical linear relationship between the void ratio and the logarithm of the applied stress, developed by Taylor, is excellent and enables us to limit the evaluation of conductivity at any void ratio to the measurement of the initial and the desired void ratio, the initial conductivity, and the permeability change index. The decrease in void ratio caused by consolidation or natural compaction of the mixes are scrutinized. Examples of expected settlement and subsidence are calculated based on the known geotechnical characteristics of bentonite/sandy silt mixes. Remedial actions, i.e., means to limit the amount of settlement, are considered. We finally discuss our field experiment, which studies the influence of subsidence on layered systems in …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Abeele, W.V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Subsidence and settlement and their effect on shallow land burial
Subsidence and settlement are phenomena that are much more destructive than generally thought. In shallow land burials they may lead to cracking of the overburden and eventual exposure and escape of waste material. The primary causes are consolidation and cave-ins. Laboratory studies performed at Los Alamos permit us to predict settlement caused by consolidation or natural compaction of the crushed tuff overburden. Examples of expected settlement and subsidence are calculated based on the known geotechnical characteristics of crushed tuff. The same thing is done for bentonite/tuff mixes because some field experiments were performed using this additive (bentonite) to reduce the hydraulic conductivity of the crushed tuff. Remedial actions, i.e., means to limit the amount of settlement, are discussed. Finally, we briefly comment on our current field experiment, which studies the influence of subsidence on layered systems, in general, and on biobarriers, in particular. 16 references, 7 figures, 5 tables.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Abeele, W.V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of corrective measures technology for shallow land burial at arid sites
The field research program involving corrective measure technologies for arid shallow land burial sites is described. Soil erosion and infiltration of water into a simulated trench cap with various surface treatments was measured and compared with similar data from agricultural systems across the United States. Report of field testing of biointrusion barriers continues at a closed-out waste disposal site at Los Alamos. Final results of an experiment designed to determine the effects of subsidence on the performance of a cobble-gravel biobarrier system are reported, as well as the results of hydrologic modeling activities involving biobarrier systems. 11 refs., 10 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Abeele, Willy V.; Nyhan, John W.; Drennon, Barry J.; Lopez, Edward A.; Herrera, Wilfred J. & Langhorst, Gary J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Abilene City Council Minutes: 1985]
Ledger containing minutes of the City Council in Abilene, Texas documenting the group's discussions and activities from January to December 1985.
Date:
1985-01-08/1985-12-19
Creator:
Abilene (Tex.)
Object Type:
Book
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Abilene Philharmonic Playbill: January 26-March 2, 1985
Program for an Abilene Philharmonic concert that ran from January 26th to March 2nd (Series A fifth and sixth concert) during the 35th season. It includes information about the pieces performed, artists and musicians, and advertising from local companies.
Date:
January 1985
Creator:
Abilene Philharmonic
Object Type:
Pamphlet
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Micelle-derived catalysts for extended Schulz-Flory
Our objective is to develop a catalyst for making gasoline or diesel range fuel selectively from synthesis gas. Our catalyst development approach is to provide a cut-off for the higher end of the hydrocarbon distribution by limiting the size of the active metal particle. We are using a micelle technique for preparing specific size ruthenium particles supported on [gamma]-alumina. Hydrocarbon cut-off was not observed with 40--60 [Angstrom] ruthenium particles on [gamma]-alumina. We could not determine whether smaller ruthenium particles would provide cut-off since they agglomerated during the test, apparently through the formation of ruthenium carbonyl. In order to determine whether ruthenium migration can be eliminated under a new set of testing conditions, we evaluated the effect of H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio and the effect of total pressure on ruthenium migration. Ruthenium migration was significantly suppressed but not totally eliminated by increasing the H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio from 0.9 to 3.0. At the same H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio, lowering the total pressure from 500 psig to 150 psig enhanced ruthenium migration. During the next quarter, the use of high pressure in conjunction with high H[sub 2]:CO feed gas ratio will be evaluated to eliminate ruthenium migration. In case …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Abrevaya, H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Solubility of Phenylacetic Acid in Binary Solvent Mixtures
Article on the solubility of phenylacetic acid in binary solvent mixtures.
Date:
January 1985
Creator:
Acree, William E. (William Eugene)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tracer Stability and Chemical Changes in an Injected Geothermal Fluid During Injection-Backflow Testing at the East Mesa Geothermal Field
The stabilities of several tracers were tested under geothermal conditions while injection-backflow tests were conducted at East Mesa. The tracers I and Br were injected continuously while SCN (thiocyanate), B, and disodium fluorescein were each injected as a point source (slug). The tracers were shown to be stable, except where the high concentrations used during slug injection induced adsorption of the slug tracers. However, adsorption of the slug tracers appeared to ''armor'' the formation against adsorption during subsequent tests. Precipitation behavior of calcite and silica as well as Na/K shifts during injection are also discussed.
Date:
January 22, 1985
Creator:
Adams, M. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of the ORNL Aerosol Release and Transport Project
The behavior of aerosols assumed to be characteristic of those generated during light water reactor (LWR) accident sequences and released into containment is being studied. Recent activities in the ORNL Aerosol Release and Transport Project include studies of (1) the thermal hydraulic conditions existing during Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant (NSPP) aerosol tests in steam-air environments, (2) the thermal output and aerosol mass generation rates for plasma torch aerosol generators, and (3) the influence of humidity on the shape of agglomerated aerosols of various materials. A new Aerosol-Moisture Interaction Test (AMIT) facility was prepared at the NSPP site to accommodate the aerosol shape studies; several tests with Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ aerosol have been conducted. In addition to the above activities a special study was conducted to determine the suitability of the technique of aerosol production by plasma torch under the operating conditions of future tests of the LWR Aerosol Containment Experiments (LACE) at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory. 3 refs., 2 figs., 7 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Adams, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Behavior of Aerosols in a Steam-Air Environment
The behavior of aerosols assumed to be characteristic of those generated during light water reactor (LWR) accident sequences and released into containment is being studied in the Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant (NSPP) which is located at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The program plan for the NSPP aerosol project provides for the study of the behavior, within containment, of simulated LWR accident aerosols emanating from fuel, reactor core structural materials, and from concrete-molten core materials interactions. The aerodynamic behavior of each of these aerosols was studied individually to establish its characteristics; current experiments involve mixtures of these aerosols to establish their interaction and collective behavior within containment. Tests have been conducted with U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ aerosols, Fe/sub 2/O/sub 3/ aerosols, and concrete aerosols in an environment of either dry air (relative humidity (RH) less than 20%) or steam-air (relative humidity (RH) approximately 100%) with aerosol mass concentration being the primary experimental variable.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Adams, R. E.; Tobias, M. L. & Longest, A. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Late biological effects from internal and external exposure
Information on late biological effects of radiation was obtained from the long-term medical followup of a small population of Marshallese accidentally exposed to radioactive fallout from a thermonuclear test in 1954. Endocrine data are compatible with a sequence of nonstochastic radiation effects. The ingestion of radioisotopes of iodine produced clinical thyroid hypofunction in children, biochemical evidence of thyroid dysfunction in some adults, thyroid adenomatous module formation, and, as a possible indirect effect of thyroid damage, at least two cases of pituitary adenoma. In contrast, the only evidence of a stochastic effect has been a real increase in thyroid cancers among the more highly exposed people of Rongelap, none of whom have evidence of residual disease. While three nonthyroidal cancers which are known to be inducible in humans by external irradiation have been documented in the exposed population, three similar cancers have occurred in an unexposed comparison population of Marshallese. Nonstochastic effects of radiation exposure may be common but subtle. In the Marshallese experience the morbidity of delayed nonstochastic effects far exceeds that of the stochastic. 20 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Adams, W.H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ACTVE News, Volume 16, Number 1, January 1985
Newsletter issued by the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas discussing news, events, and other relevant information related to technical and vocational education for adults in Texas.
Date:
January 1985
Creator:
Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Dynamics of random spin systems
We present inelastic neutron scattering experiments on three prototypical random magnets. For the dilute, insulating antiferromagnet Rb/sub 2/Co/sub c/Mg/sub 1-c/F/sub 4/, the randomness has purely geometrical consequences, and the anomalous dynamical behavior which we observe for c close to the magnetic percolation threshold is due to the fractal nature of percolating networks. Comparison of inelastic and quasielastic scattering data demonstrate the dynamical nature of the spin glass transition in amorphous, metallic MnSi. Finally, we show the coexistence of spin waves and static spin fluctuations near the crossover from ferromagnetic to spin glass behaviors in amorphous (Fe/sub x/Mn/sub 1-x/)/sub 75/P/sub 16/B/sub 6/Al/sub 3/.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Aeppli, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spin dynamics on percolating networks
We have used inelastic neutron scattering to measure the order parameter relaxation rate GAMMA in the dilute, two-dimensional Ising antiferromagnet Rb/sub 2/CoMg/sub 1-c/F/sub 4/ with c very close to the magnetic percolation threshold. Where kappa is the inverse magnetic correlation length, GAMMA approx. kappa/sup z/ with z = 2.4/sub -0.1//sup +0.2/. Our results are discussed in terms of current ideas about spin relaxation on fractals. 13 refs., 1 fig.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Aeppli, G.; Guggenheim, H. & Uemura, Y.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spectroscopic studies of carbon disulfide at high pressure
The authors have identified the pressure for the onset of CS/sub 2/ chemistry at ambient temperature and have correlated it with the several other indicators of increasing electronic interaction. They further explained the rather small shift of v/sub 1/ and v/sub 3/ with pressure as due to compensating effects of intermolecular repulsion and electronic ground-state mixing. Their measurement of the uv absorption edge with pressure matches that measured in an isothermal ramp shock and they have been able to estimate the temperature of a step shock at 2.4 GPa as well. There are further indications of various molecular and polymer species present as a result of their infrared work and the relative amounts of these species are affected by the temperature, pressure, and physical state of the CS/sub 2/. 14 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Agnew, S.F.; Swanson, B.I. & Eckhart, D.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast electric dipole transitions in Ra-Ac nuclei
Lifetime of levels in /sup 225/Ra, /sup 225/Ac, and /sup 227/Ac have been measured by delayed coincidence techniques and these have been used to determine the E1 gamma-ray transition probabilities. The reduced E1 transition probabilities. The reduced E1 transition probabilities in /sup 225/Ra and /sup 225/Ac are about two orders of magnitude larger than the values in mid-actinide nuclei. On the other hand, the E1 rate in /sup 227/Ac is similar to those measured in heavier actinides. Previous studies suggest the presence of octupole deformation in all the three nuclei. The present investigation indicates that fast E1 transitions occur for nuclei with octupole deformation. However, the studies also show that there is no one-to-one correspondence between E1 rate and octupole deformation. 13 refs., 4 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Ahmad, I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiation-induced alkali formation and its effect on the corrosion of Grade-12 titanium in rock salt nuclear waste repositories
Natural rock salt was gamma irradiated at a dose rate of 8 x 10/sup 6/ rad/h for times up to 1338 h. Subsequent dissolution in water produced high pH solutions. The corrosion properties of ASTM Grade-12 titanium were evaluated in simulated alkaline rock salt brines. The uniform corrosion rates were enhanced compared to those for neutral solutions, but crevice corrosion rates were retarded because of difficulties in obtaining high acidity in the crevice region. Hydrogen uptake was enhanced because of the chemical dissolution of the oxide layer. Upon hydrogenation, tensile samples showed slow-strain-rate embrittlement. Stress corrosion cracking, however, was not detected in the alkaline brines. 23 references, 8 figures, 6 tables.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Ahn, T. M. & Panno, S. V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Brief Report on a New Limit on the Strength of Mixing Between nu/sub. mu. /. -->. nu/sub e/
Measurements have been made of the reactions nu/sub e/n ..-->.. e/sup -/p and nu/sub ..mu../n ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/p in a detector located 96 meters from the A.G.S. neutrino source. A direct measurement is made of the energy dependent flux ratio for the two neutrino species. After comparison to calculated energy dependence of this same ratio, an improved new limit of sin/sup 2/2..cap alpha.. < 3.4 x 10/sup -3/ (90% CL) at large ..delta..m/sup 2/ is obtained. Possible systematic errors are estimated to be less than 20%. 5 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Ahrens, L. A.; Aronson, S. H.; Connolly, P. L.; Gibbard, B. G.; Murtagh, M. J.; Murtagh, S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New Determination of Sin/Sup 2/Theta/Sub W/ From Ratio of Neutrino and Anti-Neutrino Elastic Scattering by Electrons
Measurements are made of the purely leptonic weak neutral current processes ..nu../sub ..mu../ + e/sup -/ ..-->.. ..nu../sub ..mu../ + e/sup -/ and anti ..nu../sub ..mu../ + e/sup -/ ..-->.. anti ..nu../sub ..mu../ + e/sup -/. Cross sections, the vector and axial vector couplings, and the Standard Model parameters sin/sup 2/theta/sub w/ and rho are determined. Results are: sigma/sub 0//..nu../sub ..mu../) = 1.60 +- 0.29 +- 0.26, sigma/sub 0/(anti ..nu../sub ..mu../) = 1.16 +- 0.20 +- 0.14 (both in units of 10/sup -42/cm/sup 2//GeV), g/sub v//sup e/ = -0.079 +- 0.060, g/sub A//sup e/= -0.483 +- 0.042, rho = 0.967 +- 0.082, sin/sup 2/theta/sub w/ = 0.209 +- 0.029 +- 0.013.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Ahrens, L. A.; Aronson, S. H.; Connolly, P. L.; Gibbard, B. G.; Murtagh, M. J.; Murtagh, S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Grazing incidence beam expander
A Grazing Incidence Beam Expander (GIBE) telescope is being designed and fabricated to be used as an equivalent end mirror in a long laser resonator cavity. The design requirements for this GIBE flow down from a generic Free Electron Laser (FEL) resonator. The nature of the FEL gain volume (a thin, pencil-like, on-axis region) dictates that the output beam be very small. Such a thin beam with the high power levels characteristic of FELs would have to travel perhaps hundreds of meters or more before expanding enough to allow reflection from cooled mirrors. A GIBE, on the other hand, would allow placing these optics closer to the gain region and thus reduces the cavity lengths substantially. Results are presented relating to optical and mechanical design, alignment sensitivity analysis, radius of curvature analysis, laser cavity stability analysis of a linear stable concentric laser cavity with a GIBE. Fabrication details of the GIBE are also given.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Akkapeddi, P.R.; Glenn, P.; Fuschetto, A.; Appert, Q. & Viswanathan, V.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Intermolecular explosives. [TNT, EDD, EAK, EARL, Amatol, EA, and Comp B 64 RDK]
The steady-state detonation characteristics of a few intermolecular explosives are examined along with results of wedge experiments on initiation and reaction growth in one system (EAK), toward a better understanding of this class of explosives. The importance of factors such as products and their states, and temperature, to performance of these systems and explosives in general is discussed. Hydrogen compounds may be superior enough to carbon and its compounds as fuels and products for quick metal-accelerating explosives that the effect of the generally lower density is offset. High temperatures and condensation of solid products are probably the main causes of late appearance of energy in metal motion. The unusual shock sensitiveness and explosiveness of EAK are indicated by wedge results including pseudo-Pop-plots of overtaking waves, and by plots of shock velocity versus transit distance in the wedges. 20 refs., 10 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Akst, I.B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic properties and electronic structure of the actinide systems UAl/sub 2/, NpAl/sub 2/, and PuAl/sub 2/
The electronic ground states of UAl/sub 2/, NpAl/sub 2/ and PuAl/sub 2/ have been determined by band theory techniques. These calculations indicate that both actinide d-f hybridization and spin-orbit coupling are important in these systems. Using a new scheme for obtaining the paramagnon parameters for UAl/sub 2/ it is shown that calculated and experimentally derived 5f band width are consistent. The fact that orbital angular momentum may not be quenched in these systems is suggested as a possible mechanism for damping spin-fluctuations in NpAl/sub 2/ and PuAl/sub 2/.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Albers, R. C.; Boring, A. M. & Koelling, D. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pattern recognition and tomography using crosswell acoustic data
Measurements of the travel time of acoustic signals transmitted between wells at the Department of Energy Multi-Well Experiment site (MWX) near Rifle, Colorado, are processed and analyzed. Interpretations relevant to sand geometry and continuity have proved possible through inspection of the signal travel time plotted against the coordinates of transmitter and receiver wellbore positions, or against the depth of receiver and ray path inclination. The continuity of several sands between wells is corroborated. A major lenticular sand terminating between wells could be inferred. To explore the possible distortions in tomographic images derived from crosswell data, synthetic tomographs are constructed from computed travel times of signals transmitted through idealized models from stratigraphy thought to be present at the MWX site. The synthetic tomographs, although preserving the general character of the model stratigraphy, are distorted enough that detailed interpretations are not possible. Horizontal distortions predominate in reconstructions of flat-lying stratigraphy. 7 refs., 9 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Albright, James N.; Terry, Darrell A. & Bradley, Christopher R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First collision source method for coupling Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates for localized source problems
A difficult class of problems for the discrete-ordinates neutral particle transport method is to accurately compute the flux due to a spatially localized source. Because the transport equation is solved for discrete directions, the so-called ray effect causes the flux at space points far from the source to be inaccurate. Thus, in general, discrete ordinates would not be the method of choice to solve such problems. It is better suited for calculating problems with significant scattering. The Monte Carlo method is suited to localized source problems, particularly if the amount of collisional interactions in minimal. However, if there are many scattering collisions and the flux at all space points is desired, then the Monte Carlo method becomes expensive. To take advantage of the attributes of both approaches, we have devised a first collision source method to combine the Monte Carlo and discrete-ordinates solutions. That is, particles are tracked from the source to their first scattering collision and tallied to produce a source for the discrete-ordinates calculation. A scattered flux is then computed by discrete ordinates, and the total flux is the sum of the Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates calculated fluxes. In this paper, we present calculational results using the …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Alcouffe, R.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library