Honorable discharge certificate for expiration of service presented to Clifford R. Baird.

A certificate promoting Clifford R. Baird to Staff Sergeant.

Membership card issued from the Hasty Pudding Service Club to Edgar Jones.

Document describing the debarkation and approach schedule, air and naval gunfire support, and other plans for the proposed invasion of Iwo Jima, 4th Marine Division.

Certificate of Satisfactory Service issued by the United States Navy and signed by Lieutenant Commander E. W. Holzapfel certifying that Lieutenant junior grade Edgar Jones has completed a period of training and service during World War II in the navy from June 17, 1943 to January 13, 1946 and is released to inactive duty.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with T. G. Crews. Crews was born on 26 February 1917 in Erath County, Texas and enlisted in the Marine Corps in July 1937 after graduating from high school. He was sent to China in 1938 as a member of the North China Marines tasked with guarding the American Embassy in Peking and railroads. He was in China on 8 December 1941 when the Japanese took 204 Marines prisoner. Crews was among the Peking Marines taken prisoner. In March 1942 the prisoners were loaded into boxcars and taken to an internment camp north of Shanghai. Approximately 1100 Marines and civilians previously captured at Wake Island were already there. He soon came down with malaria and dysentery. He spent three years as a POW around Shanghai. On 9 May 1945 approximately 1,000 POWs were taken by rail to Fengtai, China a district near Peking. The conditions there were the worst he had experienced as the POWs lived in large warehouses on dirt or brick floors without bedding. The latrines were open and the water was bad. Crews’ weight fell to less than 100 pounds. On 19 June 1945 the prisoners …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Major General David M. Jones. Jones participated in the Doolittle Raid. He describes the take-off procedures from the USS Hornet (CV-8). He piloted plane number five and recalls clearly seeing a Japanese G4M (Betty) bomber pass by his aircraft an hour after being launched. Jones dropped incendiary bombs over Tokyo and encountering anti-aircraft fire. He explains how the crew bailed out over China and mentions the joyous receptions given to crew members by the people of China.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Kenneth Olsen, J S Gray and Paul Spain. These men were prisoners of war on the Philippines and share anecdotes of their captivity. Olsen also tells stories from his time in captivity in Japan. Paul Spain shares a story about rescuing an American flag and keeping portions of it throughout his captivity. They also discuss their weight upon being liberated.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Leonard W. Tate. Tate was born in Perry, Oklahoma 16 May 1918. He enlisted in the Naval Reserve while attending Oklahoma State College. After graduation he reported to midshipman’s school at Columbia University. After completing the four month course, Tate was commissioned and reported to the Amphibious Force at Little Creek, Virginia, where he trained as a boat officer of landing craft. He volunteered for the scouts and rangers program and received four months of intense training. In December 1943 the unit boarded a freighter for Bizerte, Tunisia and reported to the Special Operations Group of the Mediterranean Fleet. The commanding officer was Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. He describes several of the missions the unit made into Italy and his participation in planning for Operation Dragoon. Prior to Dragoon, Tate was reassigned to the Amphibious Force as a scout officer and describes his participation in the invasion. Tate was ordered back to the US and comments on situations he encountered during his return. In December 1944, Tate reported to the Chief of Naval Operations and received orders to Kunming, China. He gives a detailed account of his experiences in …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Voris Riley. He discusses his time working as a civilian at the POW camp Barkley and the interactions he had with the German prisoners stationed there.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Charles Carpenter. Carpenter served aboard USS South Dakota (BB-57), going aboard in early 1942. He was assigned to a 20mm gun. He shares several anecdotes about his experiences aboard the ship. He discusses the Battle of Santa Crus Islands and night action of Guadalcanal.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Jack Jacobson. Jacobson was born in 1916. In 1940 he was accepted in the aviation cadet program and graduated in December 1941. He was sent to Fiji where he received additional flight training and was then sent to Guadalcanal. He describes being bombarded for over four hours one night by Japanese ships off the coast. He tells of the experiences of dropping bombs, strafing and escorting bombers during his more than 100 missions and three tours on Guadalcanal. He was selected to be Captain John Mitchell’s wingman during Operation Vengeance. He describes the precise flight plotted by Mitchell for intercept of Admiral Yamamoto’s plane over Bougainville. A vivid description is given of the actions taken by the planes involved in the attack.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with John Brush. Brush was assigned to serve as the Chief Engineer of the Philippine Manufacturing Company in Manila, before World War II. He and his wife traveled to Manila in May of 1941 and operated the factory until the end of December. He and his wife were taken prisoner into Santo Tomas Internment Camp in January of 1942. Brush shares details of the accommodations, building structure, atmosphere, food rations, starvation, illnesses, separated living conditions of men, women and children as well as their required daily work. They were later moved to Los Baños Internment Camp. In December of 1943 his wife, along with other women from Santo Tomas, were brought to Los Baños and allowed to live together as a family. Brush provides vivid details of their rescue in February of 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ralph Robinson. Robinson was born in Little Rock, Arkansas 1 September 1919. After graduating from high school in 1937, he began taking evening classes at the University of Houston and continued to do so through 1941. In 1940 he was hired by General Geophysical Company in Houston to work in the laboratory. In 1942 he began working with the Carnegie Institute of Washington, DC in the Terrestrial Magnetism Department. He recalls that the Defense Research Council was established to encourage various universities and scientists to coordinate research and develop devices of war. A special department and section was established for development of the proximity fuze. He tells of the intricacies of proximity sensitive objects and discusses in detail the development and testing of the proximity fuze and delivery mechanism. After the successful tests aboard the USS Cleveland utilizing the fuze against drone aircraft, it was introduced to the Pacific Fleet in 1943. The proximity fuze was first used in the European Theater during the invasion of Sicily. Robinson relates how the fuze was effectively used during the Battle of the Bulge and how the British used the fuze …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Martin Harris. Harris was born in Japan in 1923. He moved to the US to attend college. The war broke out and he joined the Navy. He completed Navy Language School. In April of 1944 he was transferred to the Joint Intelligence Center of Pacific Ocean Area (JICPOA) under the direction of CINCPAC. He worked as a translator of documents. In May of 1944, he was selected for the Naval Civil Affairs Unit and deployed to Saipan. He shares his experience living and working on the island. He returned to Hawaii in May of 1945, and was assigned to the Interrogation Department at Pearl Harbor. After the war ended, and Harris was discharged, he remained in the reserves.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Benjamin Hazard. Hazard joined the Army in December of 1943. He served with the 27th Infantry Division. He participated in combat, and also worked as a language officer. Hazard became proficient in Japanese. After the war, he continued his service as a reserve officer.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Howard L. Patton. He discusses his childhood and education and what led him to join the US Navy. He describes his experiences during bootcamp and the rest of World War Two in the Pacific Theatre.

Transcript of an oral monologue by John A. Hugghins. Hugghins finished high school in Bryan, Texas in May, 1041, and went to Baylor University that fall on a football scholarship. He joined the Navy and was called to active duty in July, 1943. In the meantime, he stayed in school. Once he received the call, he reported to stations in Mississippi and New York for training. When he finished midshipman school in Plattsburgh, New York, he was commissioned an ensign in June, 1944. He immediately reported to Charleston, South Carolina, where LSM-152 was under construciton. Before long, he was made gunnery and supply officer assigned to USS LSM-201, which became his home for the duration of the war. Aboard USS LSM-201, Hugghins passed through the Panama Canal on the way to Pearl Harbor, where tanks were loaded aboard the vessel for transport to Iwo Jima. Hugghins speaks about his first impression of Iwo Jima, the naval bombardment prior to the invasion and making a landing there. He also discusses the flag-raising and what it felt like to witness that. Hugghins visited the island one day and got a tour from a Marine in a jeep. He also visited the Marine …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with B C Peters. Peters joined the Navy in September of 1942. He served with the 31st Seabee Battalion. From 1942 to 1943 he worked in Bermuda, building a refueling station as well as working with a survey crew. He worked on surveys for the construction of a submarine dock at St. Georges and a military highway near Hamilton. He was transferred to Camp Endicott, Rhode Island, where he was trained as Crew Chief of an 81mm mortar squad and his survey party made a topographic map of the area. They were later assigned to the mountains of Hawaii and he describes his living conditions there, and the scenery. They completed physical training and trained aboard an LCM as well. They traveled to Eniwetok and Iwo Jima. He provides great detail of landing at Iwo Jima and the battle that ensued. Peters’ group was there to repair the airfield closest to Mt. Suribachi, and then set up shop in foxholes on the island. He provides great detail of his experiences there. He assisted with the surveying and engineering of another airfield and describes his involvement. After Iwo Jima he returned …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ruth Bennett. Bennett grew up in Texas. She worked in Big Spring as a personnel secretary and married an officer in the Air Force.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Ray Kuhlow. Kuhlow provides a history monologue during the 60th Anniversary of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Kuhlow served 21 years on active duty in the Navy, through World War II and the Korean War. He worked aboard the USS California (BB-44) in forward turret two, and they traveled to the Hawaiian Islands. He describes the maneuvers of the Japanese carriers and planes prior to and on the day of December 7, 1941. His ship pulled into Pearl Harbor on Saturday evening, December 6. Kuhlow explains in detail the events that unfolded that night and into the next day. He provides a description of how the Battleship Oklahoma and the Battleship Arizona were attacked. He also details his crew’s actions aboard the California in response to the Japanese attack on the island. His crew worked for months cleaning and repairing the ship, and in December of 1942 brought the ship back to the States for modernization and repairs. In February of 1943 Kuhlow went back out to the South Pacific aboard the California, participating in many engagements including the Marshalls, the Marianas, and the Philippines. He details their interaction …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Warren Deciores. Deciores was born in1909 and joined the Navy in 1928. He completed Hospital Corpsman School, graduating in June of 1929. He worked in the operating room of a hospital on Mare Island for his basic training duty. He later moved into administration. From 1935 through 1937, Deciores completed two years of medical work on Guam, including providing care to the island natives. He would pick up supplies in China for his work on the island. In 1941, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, Deciores was stationed at the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, in Virginia. He additionally served aboard the hospital ships, USS Refuge (AH-11) and USS Relief (AH-1). He traveled through both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. He continued his service after the war ended and retired in February of 1959.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Maurice Horine. Horine joined the Navy in August of 1942. He completed Yeoman schooling. He served as Yeoman Second-Class with a Carrier Aircraft Service Unit in Seattle through April of 1944. In January of 1945, Horine was assigned to the USS General M. L. Hersey (AP-148). They transported troops to the Philippines and the Mariana Islands during the final amphibious offensive against Japan. After the war, he returned to the US and was discharged in October of 1945.

Transcript of an oral interview with Ruth Fowler. Fowler was teaching in Big Spring, Texas, when she went out for the Civilian Pilot Training Program in 1939. She was accepted and was trained to fly. She evetually became an instructor. She also discusses rationing.