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Garber Billings News (Garber, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 31, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 31, 2012 (open access)

Garber Billings News (Garber, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 31, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 31, 2012

Weekly newspaper from Garber, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: Hogan, Vickie Lee
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 31, No. 40, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 31, 2012 (open access)

The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 31, No. 40, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Weekly newspaper from The Colony, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 31, 2012
Creator: Mann, Rick
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 211, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 31, 2012 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 211, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 31, 2012

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 31, 2012
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 110, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 31, 2012 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 110, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 31, 2012
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 66, Ed. 1 Friday, August 31, 2012 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 66, Ed. 1 Friday, August 31, 2012

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 43, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 31, 2012 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 113, No. 43, Ed. 1 Tuesday, July 31, 2012

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 31, 2012
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 294, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 31, 2012 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 294, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 31, 2012

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oral History Interview with Erwin Wilhite, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Erwin Wilhite, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Erwin Wilhite. Wilhite earned his wings in February of 1942. He then conducted anti-submarine patrols off the coast of Louisiana. Later, he served with the 376th Bombardment Group, piloting B-24s out of North Africa and Italy. He describes in vivid detail his first flight to Africa, landing in Khartoum in July of 1942. From there they traveled to Lydda, Palestine where they joined the Halverson Provisional (HALPRO) detachment. He describes running out of fuel over Lebanon, parachuting from the plane, injuring his ankles and his interactions with the Lebanese people. Wilhite returned to the U.S. in January of 1943 for additional treatment of his ankles. In mid-1943 he was sent to Dayton, Ohio to serve as a test pilot, and later served as an engineering officer in Columbus, Ohio through the end of the war. He provides some details of the planes he flew as a test pilot. He was discharged in late 1945.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Wilhite, Erwin
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl Yerian, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Carl Yerian, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Carl Yerian. Yerian joined the Army Air Forces in August of 1942. He completed training as a pilot and received his wings in November of 1943. Yerian served as a B-24 pilot with the 376th Bombardment Group. He completed 51 combat missions over Italy, Austria, southern France and Germany. Yerian continued his service after the war ended, and participated in both the Korean and Vietnam Wars. He completed 32 years of service.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Yerian, Carl
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Holley Midgley, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Holley Midgley, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Holley Midgley. Midgley was born in June 1918. He was drafted into the US Army Air Corps in 1940, and completed the Aviation Cadet Program. Midgley served as a second lieutenant bombardier with the 376th Heavy Bombardment Group. His B-24 Liberator bomber was shot down over Bari, Italy on 16 July 1943. He was confined in a German prisoner-of-war camp in Chieti, Italy for twenty-two months, until liberated by General George Patton’s Third Army. Midgley returned to the US in June of 1945.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Midgley, Holley
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with David Vartanian, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with David Vartanian, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with David Vartanian. Vartanian was born 21 August 1924. He enlisted in the Army Air Forces in December 1942. He served as a B-24 bombardier/navigator, and shares details of his training. He traveled to Marseilles, France in early 1945. He speaks of witnessing animosity between American black troops and American white officers in Marseilles. He traveled to a replacement depot in Naples, Italy, then onto Bari. Vartanian flew all his missions over Austria with the 456th Bomb Group. He was then reassigned briefly to the 376th Bomb Group in Italy, supporting Allied troops in Northern Italy. He then was sent aboard USS West Point (AP-23) and returned to the US around April of 1945. Vartanian served an additional 20 years in the Air Force Reserves.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Vartanian, David
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Wendell Wilkins, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Wendell Wilkins, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Wendell Wilkins. Wilkins joined the Army Air Forces around 1942. He completed radial engine and gunnery schools, and served as an aerial engineer. In 1943, Wilkins deployed to Italy. He completed 50 combat missions over Munich, North Italy, along Brenner Pass, Austria and Romania.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Wilkins, Wendell
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Robert McClean, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Robert McClean, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Robert McClean. McClean joined the Army Air Forces around 1941. He completed gunnery school and training in airplane mechanics. Beginning May of 1944, he served as a flight engineer with the 376th Bombardment Group. McClean completed 36 support and interdiction missions in Austria, Germany, Italy and Croatia.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: McClean, Robert
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Richard Miller, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Richard Miller, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Richard Miller. Miller joined the Army Air Forces in December of 1941, after the war began. He worked in airplane maintenance, and served in Trinidad from early 1942 through mid-1943. He served as a flight engineer on B-24s. In December of 1943, Miller deployed to Naples, Italy and was assigned to the 376th Bombardment Group. He completed support and interdiction missions in Austria, Germany, Italy and Croatia.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Miller, Richard
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Richard Dzwigalski, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Richard Dzwigalski, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Richard Dzwigalski. Dzwigalski was born in River Rouge, Michigan on 25 February 1925. He was drafted into the US Army Air Forces in 1943. He graduated from Armament School at Lowry Field in Denver, Colorado, Gunnery School in Harlingen, Texas, and was assigned to a B-24 crew. The crew was assigned to the 512th Bomb Squadron, 376th Heavy Bombardment Group in Bari, Italy during late summer 1944. He served as a ball turret gunner until the end of the war in Europe and was given an honorable discharge in late 1945. After being discharged, Dzwigalski moved to Sacramento, California and obtained work at an airfield rebuilding engines for military and commercial aircraft.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Dzwigalski, Richard
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Stanley Bysiewicz, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Stanley Bysiewicz, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Stanley Bysiewicz. Bysiewicz joined the Army Air Forces and attended gunnery school and bombardier school in Texas. Upon completion, he was assigned to the 15th Air Force as a replacement bombardier. He flew 50 missions out of San Pancrazio, Italy, disabling oil transportation between Romania and Munich, and damaging oil facilities in Romania. He also occasionally targeted military hardware facilities in Germany and ports in France. Bysiewicz received the Purple Heart for a shrapnel wound, but his B-24 never suffered any serious damage, thanks to excellent support from P-51 fighter escorts.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Bysiewicz, Stanley
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Donald Buck, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Donald Buck, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Donald Buck. Buck joined the Army Air Forces in 1942 and was assigned to a B-24 crew as a nose turret gunner. He flew his first mission with the 376th Bomb Group, 514th Bomb Squadron, in the fall of 1944 while stationed in San Pancrazio. On 7 February 1945 his plane was hit hard over Vienna after bombing an oil refinery. The pilot made a crash landing in a corn field in Yugoslavia, where Tito’s Partisans looked after them for 23 days. When a South African pilot came to evacuate the crew, it took everyone including villagers and oxen to help the plane out of the mud. After returning to his squadron, Buck flew seven more missions and was then sent to train with a B-29 crew in anticipation of going to the Pacific. He returned home and was discharged in November 1945. He attended Iowa State University on the GI Bill, majoring in agriculture. Buck inherited his grandfather’s farm; when he retired, he passed it on to his son.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Buck, Donald
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Martin Goldfarb, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Martin Goldfarb, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Martin Goldfarb. Goldfarb joined the Army Air Forces in December 1942 and learned to fly at Xavier University. Although he had experienced anti-Semitism during basic training at Fort Pickett, he was impressed with the respectful tone amongst the airmen, including their fair treatment of the Tuskegee Airmen, who saved Goldfarb’s life during a mission over Vienna. Flying with the 376th Bombardment Group (H) as a navigator, Goldfarb’s plane was forced to leave formation after losing two engines to flak. As they descended, they saw four German fighters waiting for them. Seemingly out of nowhere, the Tuskegee Airmen came to their rescue and brought them back safely to their base in Italy. Goldfarb returned home and served as a financial officer at Harvard Army Airfield until his discharge in October 1945, at which time he enrolled in college on the GI Bill.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Goldfarb, Martin
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Frank Kuehn, August 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Frank Kuehn, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Frank Kuehn. Kuehn joined the Army Air Forces in 1942 and joined the 376th Bomb Group (H), 515th Bomber Squadron, based in San Pancrazio, Italy. Although he was an aviation mechanic, on 24 February 1944 he flew a mission as a substitute flight engineer. He was shot down over Austria, bailed out, and landed atop a snowy mountain near the border of Yugoslavia. He was picked up by Tito’s Partisans and spent four months hiking to their headquarters. There Kuehn hitched a ride back to Italy on a Russian plane. He returned to the States and was discharged in 1945. Kuehn bought a home in Austria, halfway up a mountain, for vacationing during winter months.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Kuehn, Frank
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Richard O’Shaughnessy, May 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Richard O’Shaughnessy, May 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Richard O'Shaughnessy. O'Shaughnessy joined the Navy in 1942 and received basic training at Great Lakes. Upon completion of aviation radio and gunnery school, he was assigned to VPB-117, alternating between the top turret and radio of a PBY4-1 Catalina. In early 1944, he deployed to the Pacific in a secret operation that was somehow known to Tokyo Rose, who nicknamed them the Blue Raiders. Being one of the first squadrons equipped with radar, they performed classified patrol missions and bombed opportunistically. On one mission, the crew became lost; running low on fuel, they unloaded their plane by throwing out oxygen system and guns. They landed at their base just as the engines cut out. O'Shaughnessy was administered Dramamine to help him through 24-hour-long missions out of Mindoro, tracking the Japanese fleet. Near the end of the war, his crew faced their first enemy fire and shot down six aircraft. O'Shaughnessy was transferred to Corpus Christi but found he could not advance due to nepotism. He was discharged into the Reserves and retired as a master chief.
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: O'Shaughnessy, Richard
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Martin Mehron, May 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Martin Mehron, May 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Martin Mehron. Mehron joined the Navy in February 1941 after spending a year working for Western Electric while attending night school at the Newark College of Engineering. Upon completion of boot camp at Newport, he attended radio school in Jacksonville, which ended with a secret two-week course in radar. After learning to operate radar in PBYs, he stayed on at Jacksonville as an instructor until being sent to a more rigorous radar school at Corpus Christi. From there, he was assigned to a PB4Y unit, VPB-117, flying 12-hour patrols in search of ships and ground targets. One night, after a patrol off of Leyte Gulf, his crew returned to a darkened base and was told to continue to reconnoiter until it was safe to return. After they were given the okay, they came in for the landing but ran out of fuel and crashed 10 seconds before hitting the strip. They hit the water, several of the crew sustaining serious injuries, some fatal. Mehron was rescued and treated for a head injury at a converted hospital. Upon his recovery, he returned to the States as a radar maintenance …
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: Mehron, Martin
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Robert Owens, May 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Robert Owens, May 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Owens. Owens joined the Navy in 1943, aspiring to be a fighter pilot. He enrolled in the V-12 program but by 1944 there was declining interest in pilots with as little experience as he would have had, so he volunteered for gunnery school. He joined a PBY4-2 Privateer crew in Florida as a turret gunner and deployed to the Philippines. Flying over the South China Sea and along the coastline of Indochina, his crew was often accompanied in the air by nonconfrontational Japanese fighters. On one mission over a targeted ship, however, Owens's crew flew too closely to the lead plane and struck a column of water splashing up from their bomb. This caused engine trouble and made them an easy target for nine aggressive enemy fighters. The crew escaped after shooting down three Oscars and diverted to Palawan for an emergency landing. In their haste to lighten the load on the damaged plane, they tossed out their life rafts before crossing the sea. Fortunately, they arrived without incident. After 23 combat missions in both the PBY4-1 and 4-2, Owens returned home and became an engineer for …
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: Owens, Robert
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Harold Priddy, May 31, 2012 transcript

Oral History Interview with Harold Priddy, May 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Harold Priddy. Priddy joined the Army Air Corps around 1938. He completed Officer Candidate School in mid-1942. He deployed to England, and served as chief of Materials Section, Air Transport Service. Priddy was able to commandeer sufficient resources within the European Theater to assist Patton’s 3rd Army in their drive into Germany in late 1944. For his contribution, General Charles de Gaulle awarded Priddy the French War Cross with Silver Star. He was discharged in 1946.
Date: May 31, 2012
Creator: Priddy, Harold
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Erwin Wilhite, August 31, 2012 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Erwin Wilhite, August 31, 2012

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Erwin Wilhite. Wilhite earned his wings in February of 1942. He then conducted anti-submarine patrols off the coast of Louisiana. Later, he served with the 376th Bombardment Group, piloting B-24s out of North Africa and Italy. He describes in vivid detail his first flight to Africa, landing in Khartoum in July of 1942. From there they traveled to Lydda, Palestine where they joined the Halverson Provisional (HALPRO) detachment. He describes running out of fuel over Lebanon, parachuting from the plane, injuring his ankles and his interactions with the Lebanese people. Wilhite returned to the U.S. in January of 1943 for additional treatment of his ankles. In mid-1943 he was sent to Dayton, Ohio to serve as a test pilot, and later served as an engineering officer in Columbus, Ohio through the end of the war. He provides some details of the planes he flew as a test pilot. He was discharged in late 1945.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Wilhite, Erwin
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History