AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-scale, fixed-bed reactor. Durability may be defined as the ability of the sorbent to maintain important physical characteristics such As size, strength, and specific surface area during 10 cycles of sulfidation and oxidation.

Progress made on accomplishing research objectives is reported. The objectives of this project are: (1) to increase the biomass production of Eucalyptus; (2) to determine the optimum requirements to maximize yield; (3) to assess planting, cultivation, harvesting, and transportation equipment requirements; (4) to determine the optimum mixture of biomass (eucalyptus and bagasse) at the generator for the production of electricity; and (5) to evaluate a complete production/conversion system which utilized optimum management conditions in relationship to costs. (DMC)

This discussion will consider a number of points relevant to limitations, advantages and disadvantages of various arrangements of bunches in the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider. The considerations discussed here will be limited to: (a) bunch spacing symmetry and relation to the relative luminosity at B0 and D0 and the beam-beam interaction with separated beams; (b) bunch spacing constraints imposed by Main Ring RF coalescing and the optics of beam separation at B0 and D0; and (c) bunch spacing constraints imposed by injection and abort kicker timing requirements, and by the Antiproton Source RF unstacking process. 20 figs., 17 tabs.

Preparation of CdS films by evaporation from a single graphite source, as generally used by the Institute of Energy Conversion (IEC) group at the University of Delaware, has been implemented. Previously at Westinghouse, four evaporation sources were used to permit uniform coverage of large area substrates. The graphite source used in this period is somewhat smaller than the IEC design to permit accommodation to the heater geometry currently available. Initial efforts with the single source evaporation have been on characterizing the thickness profiles of the deposited films. This is needed to permit selection of conditions for obtaining films of about 30..mu..m thickness over the central 4 cm x 4 cm area of the substrate. Barrier processing according to the details of IEC method has been used on four-source CdS films. To date the best cells have only been about 1% efficient. Low short circuit current density values (approx. 5 mA/cm/sub 2/) have been the biggest problem. Annealing in 6% H/sub 2//Ar mixtures at 170/sup 0/C after electrode grid evaporation generally has resulted in reduced values of J/sub sc/. Plans for the next period include the use of single source films for cell processing and the use of small area diode …

Real Property Systems Inc., (RPS) owns two parcels in the vicinity of Harney Lake, Oregon. One parcel is 120 acres in size, the other is 200 acres. A study concludes that the 200 acre parcel has the greater potential for geothermal development. RPS is interested in an aquaculture operation that produces fresh water prawns, (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) for the market. To supply the heat necessary to maintain the ideal temperature of 82/sup 0/F desired for these prawns, a geothermal resource having a 150/sup 0/F temperature or higher, is needed. The best estimate is that 150/sup 0/F water can be found from a minimum 1090 feet depth to 2625 feet, with no absolute assurances that sufficient quantities of geothermal waters exist without drilling for the same. This study undertakes the preliminary determination of project economics so that a decision can be made whether or not to proceed with exploratory drilling. The study is based on 10 acres of ponds, with a peak requirement of 2500 gpm of 150/sup 0/F geothermal water.

A quantitative study of mixing, which utilized the exit age distribution theory, has been completed for bench-scale annular and raschig ring filled tanks, in addition to a pilot-scale annular tank. A study of mixing and fluid flow in a full-scale, single-entry, raschig ring filled tank also was initiated. Results showed the bench-scale raschig ring filled tank approached plug-flow (no mixing) behavior. In a bench-scale annular tank, regardless of whether fluid entered tangentially or nontangentially, the vessel approached continuously stirred tank reactor behavior (perfect mixing). The pilot-scale annular tank approached continuously stirred tank reactor behavior only when tangential entry was used. Mixing in the full-scale raschig ring filled tank he tank did not approach eithr the perfect or the no mixing situations. Instead, the tank had a flow pattern in which solution channeled through a small volume of the tank, leaving the regions outside the channel effectively inactive.

Experiments at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of California, in conjunction with the University of California at Davis have shown induction linear accelerators (linacs) to be suitable for radiation processing of food. Here we describe how it might be possible to optimize this technology developded for the Department of Defense to serve in radiation processing. The possible advantages of accelerator-produced radiation over the use of radioisotopes include a tailor-made energy spectrum that can provide much deeper penetration and thereby better dose uniformity.

A simple model is adopted to study the hose instability of an intense relativistic electron beam in a partially neutralized, low density ion channel (ion focused regime). Equations of motion for the beam and the channel are derived and linearized to obtain an approximate dispersion relation. The non-linear equations of motion are then solved numerically and the results compared to linearized data.

The progress which has been made in 1978/1979 to evolve systems designs for growth stations which produce multiple silicon ribbons by the EFG process is reported. This progress culminated in the demonstration of five ribbon multiple growth in May 1979 and in recent advances toward improved electronic quality of ribbons grown from these machines. These advances were made in large measure by studies in which the composition of the gas environment around the meniscus area was varied. By introducing gases such as CO/sub 2/, CO, and CH/sub 4/ into this region, reproducible increases in diffusion length and cell performance have been realized, with the best large area (5 cm x 10 cm) cells exceeding 11% (AM1) efficiency.

The GSL/LBL plastic ball/wall detector system was used to gain insight into the fragment production mechanism in Au + Au and Au + Fe reactions. Full azimuthal coverage for light particles (p,d,t,/sup 3/He,/sup 4/He) and intermediate mass fragments (z greater than 10) is achieved in the forward hemisphere in the center of mass system. The complete measurement of light particles allowed a global analysis of the events and a search for collective effects in fragment emission by comparing to flow effects seen in the light particles. The large acceptance for intermediate mass fragments allowed a measurements of their multiplicities event-by-event.

Vortex-excited oscillations of marine structures result in reduced fatigue life, large hydrodynamic forces and induced stresses, and sometimes lead to structural damage and to diestructive failures. The cold water pipe of an OTEC plant is nominally a bluff, flexible cylinder with a large aspect ratio (L/D = length/diameter), and is likely to be susceptible to resonant vortex-excited oscillations. The objective of this report is to survey recent results pertaining to the vortex-excited oscillations of structures in general and to consider the application of these findings to the design of the OTEC cold water pipe. Practical design calculations are given as examples throughout the various sections of the report. This report is limited in scope to the problems of vortex shedding from bluff, flexible structures in steady currents and the resulting vortex-excited oscillations. The effects of flow non-uniformities, surface roughness of the cylinder, and inclination to the incident flow are considered in addition to the case of a smooth cyliner in a uniform stream. Emphasis is placed upon design procedures, hydrodynamic coefficients applicable in practice, and the specification of structural response parameters relevant to the OTEC cold water pipe. There are important problems associated with in shedding of vortices from cylinders …

Attempts to measure high electron beam brightness at low values of beam energy are plagued by the effects of space charge forces. These forces can substantially lower the phase space acceptance of various brightness measuring devices. This report considers several models for the effects of space charge upon the acceptance of both the field free, double aperture system and the magnetic ''emittance selector'' and compares them for some recent experiments on ATA and the High Brightness Test Stand. Reasonably conservative correction factors for the acceptances of these devices are derived.

Initial studies of p-n heterojunctions formed between undoped trans-(CH)/sub x/ and n-CdS are reported. The junctions were characterized by measurements of current vs voltage (I-V), capacitance vs voltage (C-V), and photovoltaic response spectra. The results are analyzed in terms of the standard heterojunction equations. It is concluded that undoped as-grown films of trans-(CH)/sub x/ are p-type with a residual acceptor concentration of 2 x 10/sup 18/ cm/sup -3/, and that in spite of the complex fibril morphology the semiconductor properties can be inferred by treating (CH)/sub x/ as an effective homogeneous medium. Detailed studies of the photovoltaic response at energies below the energy gap for (CH)/sub x/ imply the existence of a well-defined deep trapping state in polyacetylene with an energy near the center of the gap.

This document reports all available dissolved gas concentration data for groundwaters from the Hanford Site as of June 1985. Details of the computational procedures required to reduce data obtained from the field measurements made by the Basalt Waste Isolation Project are provided in the appendix. Most measured values for methane concentration from reference repository boreholes are in the range of from 350 to 700 mg/L for the Cohassett flow top. Because of the uncertainties associated with these measurements, it is currently recommended that a conservative methane concentration of 1200 mg/L (methane saturated) in groundwater be considered the most reasonable upper-bounding value. 16 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

The interaction of the electron beam in the Advanced Test Accelerator with an azimuthally symmetric mode of the accelerating cells is investigated theoretically. The interaction possibly could cause modulation of the beam current at the resonant frequency of the mode. Values of the shunt impedance and Q value of the mode were obtained from previous measurement and analysis. Lagranian hydrodynamics is employed and a WKB solution to the equation of motion is obtained. Results indicate that the interaction will not be a problem in the accelerator.

The following work is reviewed: accelerated ultraviolet exposure of glazing and housing materials, the evaluation of ultraviolet protective coatings and films, and investigation of antireflective coatings.

The permitting process is reviewed. The environmental data requirements are presented for: air resources; vegetation and wildlife; geotechnical environment; surface waters; cultural resources; public health, industrial hygiene, and noise; land use and socio-economic factors; and scheduling and budgets. (MHR)

The following disciplines are covered: air resources; land use, vegetation, and wildlife, geotechnical environment; surface water, ground water, and waste disposal; cultural resources; health, industrial hygiene and noise; and socio-economics. The following are presented for each discipline: general comments; regulations, ordinances, statutes, and guidelines; bibliography with abstracts; and sensitive environmental issues. (MHR)

Eleven binary and ternary alloys of uranium and very low concentrations of iron, silicon, and aluminum were prepared and tested for room-temperature tensile properties after various heat treatments. A yield strength approximately double that of high-purity derby uranium was obtained from a U-400 ppM Si-200 ppM Fe alloy after beta solution treatment and alpha aging. Higher silicon plus iron alloy contents resulted in increased yield strength, but showed an unacceptable loss of ductility.

The following is a report on the findings of a documentary literature search on the ahupuaa of Kahauale'a in the Puna District of the island of Hawaii. Attention is given to the entirety of the ahupuaa, though the emphasis is on the mauka portions from about 1,500 to 3,800-feet elevation, or roughly three miles inland to the northern terminus of the ahupuaa, just below Kilauea. The report was commissioned by The Estate of James Campbell for purposes of ascertaining what the extent of early Hawaiian activities and/or habitation occurred in the mauka regions of Kahauale'a--specifically to see if proposed geothermal drilling activities in these areas would disturb any archaeological sites.

Our experimental approach focuses on the use of enzymes which catalyze the addition of oxygen to organic compounds., In tailoring the application of these enzymes to coal processing, we are particularly interested in ensuring that oxidation occurs at sulfur and not at carbon-carbon bonds. Previous studies with DBT have shown that the reaction most frequently observed in microbial oxidative pathways is one in which DBT is oxidized at ring carbons. These reactions, as we have said, are accompanied by a considerable decrease in the energy content of the compound. In addition, microbial pathways have been identified in which the sulfur atom is sequentially oxidized to sulfoxide, to sulfone, to sulfonate, and finally to sulfuric acid. In this case, the fuel value of the desulfurized compounds is largely retained. We are evaluating the potential of commercially available enzymes to perform this function.

The halow recycler is a mechanical device on the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) that is designed to increase the density at the plasma edge providing enhanced shielding of the core plasma from background neutrals. Each recycler body, which consists of coaxial annular cylinders and a adjacent plenum closely follows the magnetic flux tubes in the transition region of TMX-U. Each plenum is provided with gas feed and pressure measurement systems as well as Langmuir probes. This paper describes the design, fabrication, installation, and operation of these devices.

A test plan is given which describes the tests to be conducted on several typical solar receiver heat pipes. The hardware to be used, test fixtures and rationale of the test program are discussed. The program objective is to perform life testing under simulated receiver conditions, and to conduct performance tests with selected heat pipes to further map their performance, particularly with regard to their transient behavior. Performance requirements are defined. Test fixtures designed for the program are described in detail, and their capabilities for simulating the receiver conditions and their limitations are discussed. The heat pipe design is given. (LEW)

A preliminary estimate is made of the effect of the centrifugal space charge forces on SLC assuming that the space-charge effect is a highly nonlinear force whose important term is the second derivative at the beam center. A scaling law is used to get the horizontal chromaticity for the arcs of SLC, and the space-charge effect on the beam is calculated on that basis. (LEW)