A number of activities have been carried out in the last three months. A list outlining these efforts is presented below followed by brief description of each activity in the subsequent sections of this report: Progress is being made on the development of a black oil three-phase simulator which will allow the use of a generalized Voronoi grid in the plane perpendicular to a horizontal well. The available analytical solutions in the literature for calculating productivity indices (Inflow Performance) of horizontal wells have been reviewed. The pseudo-steady state analytic model of Goode and Kuchuk has been applied to an example problem. A general mechanistic two-phase flow model is under development. The model is capable of predicting flow transition boundaries for a horizontal pipe at any inclination angle. It also has the capability of determining pressure drops and holdups for all the flow regimes. A large code incorporating all the features of the model has been programmed and is currently being tested.

Relations between Russia and Japan are seriously strained. At the heart of the impasse is a territorial dispute over a group of islands seized by the Soviet Union in 1945 and claimed by both countries. The Japanese Government maintains that there can be no normalization of relations between the two countries until Russia agrees to return the islands. Japan may refuse to participate in large-scale economic assistance to Russia until it is satisfied on the territorial question.

Spectral evidence was found for photoionization in spectra of Eu[sup 2+] and Sm[sup 3+] in BaF[sub 2]; Ce[sup 3+] was also studied in BaF[sub 2], CaF[sub 2], and SrF[sub 2]. Two-photon spectroscopy of forbidden transitions (zero-phonon lines) was extended from NaF: Cu[sup +] to Mn[sup 4+] in Cs[sub 2]GeF[sub 6] and to MgO:Ni[sup 2+].

Spectral evidence was found for photoionization in spectra of Eu{sup 2+} and Sm{sup 3+} in BaF{sub 2}; Ce{sup 3+} was also studied in BaF{sub 2}, CaF{sub 2}, and SrF{sub 2}. Two-photon spectroscopy of forbidden transitions (zero-phonon lines) was extended from NaF: Cu{sup +} to Mn{sup 4+} in Cs{sub 2}GeF{sub 6} and to MgO:Ni{sup 2+}.

The University of Michigan reports its progress on this project on a bimonthly or quarterly reporting frequency. As a result, the detailed annual summary of activity is derived from the integration of these progress reports. They are attached here to form a permanent record of the University's contribution to this program.

The University of Michigan reports its progress on this project on a bimonthly or quarterly reporting frequency. As a result, the detailed annual summary of activity is derived from the integration of these progress reports. They are attached here to form a permanent record of the University`s contribution to this program.

The objective of Phase 1 of the Industrial Pulverized Coal Low NO[sub x] Burner'' Program is to develop a novel low NO[sub x], pulverized coal burner, which offers near-term commercialization potential, uses preheated combustion air of up to 1000[degrees]F, and which can be applied to high-temperature industrial heating furnaces, chemical process furnaces, fired heaters, and boilers. The program team is led byArthur D. Little, Inc., and includes the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Hauck Manufacturing Company. During the first quarter of the program the program team developed the overall program management plan; began a market survey to identify coals suitable for modeling the low NO[sub x], burner design and performance, as well as for use in the Phase II burner tests; and defined the preliminary burner design specifications, sized the prototype burner, and produced the first concept schematic. This report is for the second quarter of the program (July 1992 to September 1992). During this period the program team: Completed the study of industrial coal usage and sources; refined the preliminary burner design and confirmed it as the basis for computer modeling; and started definition of the modeling work scope, including the development of fuel and process specifications, description …

The objective of Phase 1 of the ``Industrial Pulverized Coal Low NO{sub x} Burner`` Program is to develop a novel low NO{sub x}, pulverized coal burner, which offers near-term commercialization potential, uses preheated combustion air of up to 1000{degrees}F, and which can be applied to high-temperature industrial heating furnaces, chemical process furnaces, fired heaters, and boilers. The program team is led byArthur D. Little, Inc., and includes the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Hauck Manufacturing Company. During the first quarter of the program the program team developed the overall program management plan; began a market survey to identify coals suitable for modeling the low NO{sub x}, burner design and performance, as well as for use in the Phase II burner tests; and defined the preliminary burner design specifications, sized the prototype burner, and produced the first concept schematic. This report is for the second quarter of the program (July 1992 to September 1992). During this period the program team: Completed the study of industrial coal usage and sources; refined the preliminary burner design and confirmed it as the basis for computer modeling; and started definition of the modeling work scope, including the development of fuel and process specifications, description …

In June of 1992, the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) awarded assistance Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) for the Environmental Hazards Assessment Program, The first year of the program is primarily a planning year. We have aggressively pursued input into the EHAP program to begin to understand where our efforts fit within other efforts underway nationally. We have also begun some direct activities at MUSC to begin the program. Part of this report is devoted to informing DOE of what we have accomplished so far this year. In our efforts to plan, we have identified several changes in emphasis for the program. These changes affect the original plan in terms of projected milestones and budget allocations. Part of this report describes these changes and describes the proposed changes to the budget. We are not requesting additional funds for this year. Simply, we are requesting some change in allocations to budget categories. Therefore, our report to DOE is a combination status report, program plan, and request for reallocation of budget.

In June of 1992, the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) awarded assistance Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) for the Environmental Hazards Assessment Program, The first year of the program is primarily a planning year. We have aggressively pursued input into the EHAP program to begin to understand where our efforts fit within other efforts underway nationally. We have also begun some direct activities at MUSC to begin the program. Part of this report is devoted to informing DOE of what we have accomplished so far this year. In our efforts to plan, we have identified several changes in emphasis for the program. These changes affect the original plan in terms of projected milestones and budget allocations. Part of this report describes these changes and describes the proposed changes to the budget. We are not requesting additional funds for this year. Simply, we are requesting some change in allocations to budget categories. Therefore, our report to DOE is a combination status report, program plan, and request for reallocation of budget.

During the present reporting period, the solubilities of hydrogen in benzene were measured at temperatures from 323.2 to 423.2 K (122.0 to 302.0[degrees]F) and pressures to 15.7 MPa (2281 psia). These data are described with root-mean-square errors typically less than 0.001 in mole fraction by the Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson equations of state when a single interaction parameter, C[sub ij], is used for each isotherm

During the present reporting period, the solubilities of hydrogen in benzene were measured at temperatures from 323.2 to 423.2 K (122.0 to 302.0{degrees}F) and pressures to 15.7 MPa (2281 psia). These data are described with root-mean-square errors typically less than 0.001 in mole fraction by the Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson equations of state when a single interaction parameter, C{sub ij}, is used for each isotherm

Coal gasification by steam is of critical importance in converting coal to gaseous products (CO, H[sub 2], CO[sub 2], CH[sub 4]) that can then be further converted to synthetic natural gas and higher hydrocarbon fuels. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (present as oxides) catalyze coal gasification reactions and cause them to occur at significantly lower temperatures. A more fundamental understanding of the mechanism of the steam gasification reaction and catalyst utilization may well lead to better production techniques, increased gasification rates, greater yields, and less waste. We are studying the gasification of carbon by steam in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth oxides, using carbonates as the starting materials. Carbon dioxide gasification (CO[sub 2] + C --> 2CO) has been studied in some detail recently, but much less has been done on the actual steam gasification reaction, which is the main thrust of our work. In particular, the form of the active catalyst compound during reaction is still questioned and the dependence of the concentration of active sites on reaction parameters is not known. Until recently, no measurements of active site concentrations during reaction had been made. We have recently used transient isotope tracing to determine active site concentration …

Coal gasification by steam is of critical importance in converting coal to gaseous products (CO, H{sub 2}, CO{sub 2}, CH{sub 4}) that can then be further converted to synthetic natural gas and higher hydrocarbon fuels. Alkali and alkaline earth metals (present as oxides) catalyze coal gasification reactions and cause them to occur at significantly lower temperatures. A more fundamental understanding of the mechanism of the steam gasification reaction and catalyst utilization may well lead to better production techniques, increased gasification rates, greater yields, and less waste. We are studying the gasification of carbon by steam in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth oxides, using carbonates as the starting materials. Carbon dioxide gasification (CO{sub 2} + C --> 2CO) has been studied in some detail recently, but much less has been done on the actual steam gasification reaction, which is the main thrust of our work. In particular, the form of the active catalyst compound during reaction is still questioned and the dependence of the concentration of active sites on reaction parameters is not known. Until recently, no measurements of active site concentrations during reaction had been made. We have recently used transient isotope tracing to determine active site concentration …

The effect of exposing coal sample no. 31 which was pretreated in steam to air was tested this month. Significant differences from yields obtained with the previously used sample is observed. Consequently, averaging yields from the two samples is not appropriate and the pattern of behavior of each set must be determined separately. Further work will be done using new Illinois No.6 coal sample. Analysis of the products of aquathermolysis of {beta}benzylnaphthyl ether in presence of liquid water were completed. Major product is naphthol. Minor fraction was determined to be unreacted starting material. The purity check of the sample of a-naphthylmethyl phenyl ether was completed. Studies of this model compound will be performed next month.