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Issues for trigger processing at high luminosity colliders
A number of issues for the design of trigger processors at future high-luminosity, high-energy colliders such as the Superconducting Super Collider and the Large Hadron Collider are discussed.
Date:
November 1, 1989
Creator:
Lankford, A.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project Monthly Report
This monthly report summarizes the technical progress and project status for the Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project being conducted at Pacific Northwest Laboratory under the direction of a Technical Steering Panel.
Date:
November 1, 1989
Creator:
Dennis, B.S. (comp.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a mathematical model of a packed column for benzene removal from salt solutions
A mathematical model of a packed column was developed to describe the removal of benzene from radioactive salt solutions at the Savannah River Site. The model was developed from existing, generalized mass transfer correlations for randomly dumped packing, and the correlations were adapted for structured packing. Thermophysical data specific to the solutions of interest were incorporated into the model. Verification of the code was completed using operating data from stripping columns at other locations.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Georgeton, G.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Methane oxidation over dual redox catalysts
Review and analysis of the literature data on electron transfer itself and electron transfer oxidation of alkyl radicals was done in order to understand the mechanism by which methyl radical can be oxidized to CH{sub 3}{sup +} and further substituted by OH{sup {minus}} to form methanol. This allowed to compare and classify the various possible reaction patterns, understand the mechanism and circumstances of operation of each of them and select those which can be involved in oxidation of methyl radical. As a result an approach that is complementary to catalytic test studies was proposed. It consists of investigation of a set of partial reactions which reproduce a whole catalytic cycle in order to prove the reaction mechanism. Synthesis of new oxide catalysts of the delafossite type, containing concentrated double redox sites, were designed. Synthesis of hydrozincite as a starting material for the preparation of doubly doped zinc oxide was performed.
Date:
March 1, 1989
Creator:
Klier, Kamil; Herman, Richard G. & Sojka, Zvigniew
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Westinghouse independent safety review of Savannah River production reactors
Westinghouse Electric Corporation has performed a safety assessment of the Savannah River production reactors (K,L, and P) as requested by the US Department of Energy. This assessment was performed between November 1, 1988, and April 1, 1989, under the transition contract for the Westinghouse Savannah River Company's preparations to succeed E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company as the US Department of Energy contractor for the Savannah River Project. The reviewers were drawn from several Westinghouse nuclear energy organizations, embody a combination of commercial and government reactor experience, and have backgrounds covering the range of technologies relevant to assessing nuclear safety. The report presents the rationale from which the overall judgment was drawn and the basis for the committee's opinion on the phased restart strategy proposed by E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company, Westinghouse, and the US Department of Energy-Savannah River. The committee concluded that it could recommend restart of one reactor at partial power upon completion of a list of recommended upgrades both to systems and their supporting analyses and after demonstration that the organization had assimilated the massive changes it will have undergone.
Date:
April 1, 1989
Creator:
Leggett, W. D.; McShane, W. J. (Westinghouse Hanford Co., Richland, WA (USA)); Liparulo, N. J.; McAdoo, J. D.; Strawbridge, L. E. (Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (USA). Nuclear and Advanced Technology Div.); Toto, G. (Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, PA (USA). Nuclear Services Div.) et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The U5. 0 undulator design for the advanced light source at LBL
The U5.0 undulator, currently under design, is the first in a series of insertion devices planned for the Advanced Light Source at LBL. U5.0 parameters include a 5 cm period, 5 m length with a 0.837 T maximum field at a 14 mm gap. A hybrid configuration utilizing Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material and Vanadium Permendur poles is used for the magnetic structure. Construction is modular with many pole assemblies attached to a pole mount, which in turn is fastened onto one of the backing beams. Vertical field integral correction at the ends is with permanent magnet rotators. The supports structure features a 4-post configuration, a rigid base with 3 kinematic floor supports and 2 rigid 5 m long backing beams that fit within the 2.4 m high accelerator enclosure. The drive system is computer controlled utilizing a stepper motor and shaft encode coupled to a roller-screw/nut and chain drive train. Vacuum chamber design is a rigid configuration with a 10 mm vertical by 218 mm horizontal aperture of 5.5 m length. Chamber fabrication features a two-piece welded chamber of 5083 H321 aluminum. Pumping is with ion and titanium sublimation pumps. 5 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
August 1, 1989
Creator:
Hoyer, E.; Chin, J.; Halbach, K.; Hassenzahl, W.; Humphries, D.; Kincaid, B. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The collaborative program of research in engineering sciences
Research programs in the following areas are briefly described: High-Temperature Gas-Particle Reactions; Mathematical Modelling of Plasma Systems; Metal Transfer in Gas Metal-Arc Welding; Multivariable Control of Gas Metal-Arc Welding; Synthesis of Heat and Work Integration Systems for Chemical Process Plants; Parity Simulation of Dynamic Processes; Fundamentals of Elastic-Plastic Fracture: Three-Dimensional and Mechanistic Modelling; and Comminution of Energy Materials. Publications from each program are listed.
Date:
August 1, 1989
Creator:
White, D.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Results of the radiological survey at 12 Long Valley Road, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ054)
Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extracting process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, 12 Long Valley Road, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ054), was conducted during 1985 and 1986. Results of the survey demonstrated no radionuclide concentrations in excess of the DOE Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program criteria. The radionuclide distributions were not significantly different …
Date:
November 1, 1989
Creator:
Foley, R.D.; Floyd, L.M. & Carrier, R.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Results of the radiological survey at 17 John Street, Lodi, New Jersey
Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, 17 John Street, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ088), was conducted during 1988. 5 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
December 1, 1989
Creator:
Foley, R.D. & Floyd, L.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal energy storage for power generation
Studies strongly indicate that the United States will face widespread electrical power constraints in the 1990s, with most regions of the country experiencing capacity shortages by the year 2000. In many cases, the demand for increased power will occur during intermediate and peak demand periods. Much of this demand is expected to be met by oil- and natural gas-fired Brayton cycle turbines and combined-cycle plants. While natural gas is currently plentiful and reasonably priced, the availability of an economical long-term coal-fired option for peak and intermediate load power generation will give electric power utilities an option in case either the availability or cost of natural gas should deteriorate. 54 refs., 5 figs., 17 tabs.
Date:
October 1, 1989
Creator:
Drost, M. K.; Antoniak, Z. I.; Brown, D. R. & Sathyanarayana, K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transverse spin observables in chromodynamics
Quantum Chromodynamics confronts a harsh series of tests in the attempt to formulate a comprehensive approach to the calculation of transverse spin observables. The basic obstacles to understanding transverse spin can be illustrated by considering the transverse structure function g{sub T}(x, Q{sup 2}) = g{sub 1}(x, Q{sup 2}) + g{sub 2}(x, Q{sup 2}), extracted from deep-inelastic scattering using a polarized lepton and a polarized proton. The inadequacy of the transverse-spin basis for quarks and gluons found there suggests a new approach to the problems of single-spin observables in large-transverse-momentum processes. This approach, presented earlier for single spin production asymmetries, is discussed here. It is shown that the mechanism can also lead to baryon polarization effects at large P{sub T}. 14 refs.
Date:
December 1, 1989
Creator:
Sivers, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Performance of a coincidence based blood activity monitor
A new device has been constructed that measures the positron emitting radio-tracer concentration in arterial blood by extracting blood with a peristaltic pump, then measuring the activity concentration by detecting coincident pairs of 511 keV photons with a pair of heavy inorganic scintillators attached to photomultiplier tubes. The sensitivity of this device is experimentally determined to be 610 counts/second per {mu}Ci/ml, and has a paralyzing dead time of 1.2 {mu}s, so is capable of measuring blood activity concentration as high as 1 mCi/ml. Its performance is compared to two other blood monitoring methods: discrete blood samples counted with a well counter and device that uses a plastic scintillator to directly detect positrons. The positron detection efficiency of this device for {sup 18}F is greater than the plastic scintillation counter, and also eliminates the radioisotope dependent correction factors necessary to convert count rate to absolute concentration. Coincident photon detection also has the potential of reducing the background compared to direct positron detection, thereby increasing the minimum detectable isotope concentration. 10 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1989
Creator:
Moses, W. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Advanced Neutron Source
The Advanced Neutron Source (ANS) is a new user experimental facility planned to be operational at Oak Ridge in the late 1990's. The centerpiece of the ANS will be a steady-state research reactor of unprecedented thermal neutron flux ({phi}{sub th} {approx} 9{center dot}10{sup 19} m{sup -2}{center dot}s{sup -1}) accompanied by extensive and comprehensive equipment and facilities for neutron-based research. 5 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Hayter, J. B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced tritium transport and release by solids modification
To improve the tritium release characteristics of lithium ceramics, we are investigating the effects of dopants on tritium transport and release. Prior work has suggested a correlation between tritium and lithium diffusion in lithium-containing ceramics. This correlation has led us to propose a mechanism for tritium diffusion in which the tritium diffuses in the form of a lithium vacancy-triton complex. If this is the case, one should be able to increase the tritium diffusivity by increasing the number of lithium vacancies and thereby increasing the number of vacancy-triton complexes. The size of the increase in the diffusivity, however, will be dependent upon several parameters, including the binding energy of the vacancy-triton complex. Our calculations indicate that, under conditions comparable to those in some in-pile irradiation experiments, a binding energy of around 84 kJ/mol should increase the diffusivity and lead to a decrease in the steady-state tritium inventory by about a factor of six. 21 refs., 2 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Kopasz, J. P.; Tam, S. W. & Johnson, C. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proof of concept testing of an integrated dry injection system for SO sub x /NO sub x control
The objectives of the subscale test program were designed to provide sorbent and additive selection guidance, and, in so doing, supply answers to the questions posed in the preceding section. The objectives are: Identify the best commercial hydrate sorbent and the best enhanced hydrate sorbent from a list of nine types, based upon S0{sub 2} removal at Ca/S=2. Determine the relative effectiveness of sodium sesquicarbonate versus sodium bicarbonate for S0{sub 2} and NO{sub x} control over the temperature range of 200{degrees}F--400{degrees}F. Identify the best NO{sub 2} suppressing additive among the group of ammonia, urea, and activated carbon.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Helfritch, D.J.; Bortz, S.J. (Research-Cottrell, Inc., Somerville, NJ (United States). Environmental Services and Technologies Div.) & Beittel, R. (Riley Stoker Corp., Worcester, MA (United States))
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (PAFBC)). [Comparing PAFBC vs. AFBC]
The fourth Quarterly Technical Progress Report presents the results of work accomplished during the period February 6 through April 30, 1989. the overall objective of the program is the development of a pulsed atmospheric, fluidized bed combustion (PAFBC) technology to burn coal and to provide heat and steam to commercial, institutional, and small industrial applications at a reasonable price in an environmentally acceptable manner. During this past quarter, a baseline for comparing PAFBC vs. AFBC performance was established and the initial series of PAFBC coal-fired combustion tests was completed. The AFBC baseline was representative of bubbling bed units with the exception of emissions which were somewhat higher and attributable to the size constraints of the AFBC unit. However, it still provided a valid baseline for referencing and optimizing PAFBC performance. Initial coal combustion tests in the pulsed fluid-bed verified enhanced performance in comparison to the non-pulsed beds, providing reduced NO{sub x}, CO, and SO{sub 2} emissions as well as higher steam generation rates and considerably lower entrainment losses. 9 figs., 4 tabs.
Date:
May 1, 1989
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State of the art in semiconductor detectors
The state of the art in semiconductor detectors for elementary particle physics and x-ray astronomy is briefly reviewed. Semiconductor detectors are divided into two groups; classical semiconductor diode detectors; and semiconductor memory detectors. Principles of signal formation for both groups of detectors are described and their performance is compared. New developments of silicon detectors are reported here. 13 refs., 8 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Rehak, P. (Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY (USA)) & Gatti, E. (Politecnico di Milano, Milan (Italy))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(The fate of nuclides in natural water systems)
Our research at Yale on the fate of nuclides in natural water systems has three components to it: the study of the atmospheric precipitation of radionuclides and other chemical species; the study of the behavior of natural radionuclides in groundwater and hydrothermal systems; and understanding the controls on the distribution of radionuclides and stable nuclides in the marine realm. In this section a review of our progress in each of these areas is presented.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Turekian, K.K. (Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (USA). Dept. of Geology and Geophysics)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of the theory and hypotheses of the acidification of watersheds
This report documents and critically assesses the evolution and status of the scientific understanding of the effects of acidic deposition on surface waters. The main conclusion is that the dominant theory of surface-water acidification fails to adequately incorporate many important factors and processes that influence surface water acidity. Some of these factors and processes are not well researched or recognized as being important by most scientists in the aquatic effects research area. 258 refs., 14 figs., 23 tabs.
Date:
April 1, 1989
Creator:
Krug, E.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary of HTGR (high-temperature gas-cooled reactor) benchmark data from the high temperature lattice test reactor
The High Temperature Lattice Test Reactor (HTLTR) was a unique critical facility specifically built and operated to measure variations in neutronic characteristics of high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) lattices at temperatures up to 1000{degree}C. The Los Alamos National Laboratory commissioned Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) to prepare this summary reference report on the HTLTR benchmark data and its associated documentation. In the initial stages of the program, the principle of the measurement of k{sub {infinity}} using the unpoisoned technique (developed by R.E. Heineman of PNL) was subjected to extensive peer review within PNL and the General Atomic Company. A number of experiments were conducted at PNL in the Physical Constants Testing Reactor (PCTR) using both the unpoisoned technique and the well-established null reactivity technique that substantiated the equivalence of the measurements by direct comparison. Records of all data from fuel fabrication, the reactor experiments, and the analytical results were compiled and maintained to meet applicable quality assurance standards in place at PNL. Sensitivity of comparisons between measured and calculated k{sub {infinity}}(T) data for various HTGR lattices to changes in neutron cross section data, graphite scattering kernel models, and fuel block loading variations, were analyzed by PNL for the Electric Power …
Date:
October 1, 1989
Creator:
Newman, D.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarks and gluons in hadrons and nuclei
These lectures discuss the particle-nuclear interface -- a general introduction to the ideas and application of colored quarks in nuclear physics, color, the Pauli principle, and spin flavor correlations -- this lecture shows how the magnetic moments of hadrons relate to the underlying color degree of freedom, and the proton's spin -- a quark model perspective. This lecture reviews recent excitement which has led some to claim that in deep inelastic polarized lepton scattering very little of the spin of a polarized proton is due to its quarks. This lecture discusses the distribution functions of quarks and gluons in nucleons and nuclei, and how knowledge of these is necessary before some quark-gluon plasma searches can be analyzed. 56 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1989
Creator:
Close, F. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measuring the mass and width of the Z sup 0 : The status of the energy spectrometers
The Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) collides electrons and positrons produced in the linear accelerator pulse by pulse. The object is to produce collisions energetic enough to produce the heavy intermediate vector boson, the Z{sup 0}. An essential component of the SLC physics program is the precise knowledge of the center-of-mass energy of each interaction. We measure the energy of each collision by using two energy spectrometers. The spectrometers are located in extraction lines of each beam. We will measure the energy of each beam to 20 MeV or 5 parts in 10{sup 4}. We report here on the status of the energy spectrometer system. 13 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
May 1, 1989
Creator:
Rouse, F.; Levi, M. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States)); Kent, J.; King, M.; Von Zanthier, C.; Watson, S. (California Univ., Santa Cruz, CA (United States)) et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Northern Arizona Basin Study (NABS), 1989
An experiment was conducted to better understand a frequent layer of northwest winds found in the Northern Arizona region. This layer has been observed most often in winter near the surface at Page, Arizona, and often opposes larger scale upper level west winds. The results of this experiment improved both the temporal and the down-valley spatial resolution of the flow structure in this region during winter. 11 refs., 9 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Porch, W.M.; Clements, W.E. & Grant, T.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surface footprint from initial Chernobyl release as indicated by the meso-alpha MLAM (Multi-Layer Air Mass) model
This document reports the results of dose calculations from the Chernobyl reactor accident in April 1986. The calculations were completed in 1987. The results are now being published to disseminate the information to an audience of potential users. This study's objective was to model the transport path of materials released during April 26 and 27, the first 48 hours of the accident. 5 refs., 15 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1989
Creator:
Davis, W. E.; Olsen, A. R.; Didier, B. T.; Tucker, P. E. & Damschen, D. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library