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Acoustic and electrical properties of Mexican geothermal rock samples
Acoustic compressional and shear-wave velocities have been measured on a suite of ten sandstone samples obtained from wells in the Cerro Prieto geothermal field and on two rock samples from other Mexican geothermal fields. The samples were tested in both their dry and fully brine-saturated states at uniaxial stresses to 15 MPa. Electrical resistivities and associated phase angles have been measured on the same core samples as a function of frequency in the range 10 Hz to 10/sup 5/ Hz under drained conditions at hydrostatic confining stresses to 10 MPa. The electrical properties were measured on samples tested in their fully saturated state, using brines of two different concentrations.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Contreras, E. A. & King, M. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acoustic resonances in cylinder bundles oscillating in a compressibile fluid
This paper deals with an analytical study on acoustic resonances of elastic oscillations of a group of parallel, circular, thin cylinders in an unbounded volume of barotropic, compressible, inviscid fluid. The perturbed motion of the fluid is assumed due entirely to the flexural oscillations of the cylinders. The motion of the fluid disturbances is first formulated in a three-dimensional wave form and then casted into a two-dimensional Helmholtz equation for the harmonic motion in time and in axial space. The acoustic motion in the fluid and the elastic motion in the cylinders are solved simultaneously. Acoustic resonances were approximately determined from the secular (eigenvalue) equation by the method of successive iteration with the use of digital computers for a given set of the fluid properties and the cylinders' geometry and properties. Effects of the flexural wavenumber and the configuration of and the spacing between the cylinders on the acoustic resonances were thoroughly investigated.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Lin, W. H. & Raptis, A. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of injection tests in liquid-dominated geothermal reservoirs
The objective was to develop procedures for analyzing nonisothermal injection test data during the early phases of injection. In particular, methods for determining the permeability-thickness of the formation, skin factor of the well and tracking the movement of the thermal front have been developed. The techniques developed for interpreting injection pressure transients are closely akin to conventional groundwater and petroleum techniques for evaluating these parameters. The approach taken was to numerically simulate injection with a variety of temperatures, reservoir parameters and flowrates, in order to determine the characteristic responses due to nonisothermal injection. Two characteristic responses were identified: moving front dominated behavior and composite reservoir behavior. Analysis procedures for calculating the permeability-thickness of the formation and the skin factor of the well have been developed for each of these cases. In order to interpret the composite reservior behavior, a new concept has been developed; that of a ''fluid skin factor'', which accounts for the steady-state pressure buildup due to the region inside the thermal front. Based on this same concept, a procedure for tracking the movement of the thermal front has been established. The results also identify the dangers of not accounting the nonisothermal effects when analyzing injection test data. …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Benson, S.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Approved reference and testing materials for use in Nuclear Waste Management Research and Development Programs
This document, addressed to members of the waste management research and development community summarizes reference and testing materials available from the Nuclear Waste Materials Characterization Center (MCC). These materials are furnished under the MCC's charter to distribute reference materials essential for quantitative evaluation of nuclear waste package materials under development in the US. Reference materials with known behavior in various standard waste management related tests are needed to ensure that individual testing programs are correctly performing those tests. Approved testing materials are provided to assist the projects in assembling materials data base of defensible accuracy and precision. This is the second issue of this publication. Eight new Approved Testing Materials are listed, and Spent Fuel is included as a separate section of Standard Materials because of its increasing importance as a potential repository storage form. A summary of current characterization information is provided for each material listed. Future issues will provide updates of the characterization status of the materials presented in this issue, and information about new standard materials as they are acquired. 7 references, 1 figure, 19 tables.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Mellinger, G. B. & Daniel, J. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assembly, operation and disassembly manual for the Battelle Large Volume Water Sampler (BLVWS)
Assembly, operation and disassembly of the Battelle Large Volume Water Sampler (BLVWS) are described in detail. Step by step instructions of assembly, general operation and disassembly are provided to allow an operator completely unfamiliar with the sampler to successfully apply the BLVWS to his research sampling needs. The sampler permits concentration of both particulate and dissolved radionuclides from large volumes of ocean and fresh water. The water sample passes through a filtration section for particle removal then through sorption or ion exchange beds where species of interest are removed. The sampler components which contact the water being sampled are constructed of polyvinylchloride (PVC). The sampler has been successfully applied to many sampling needs over the past fifteen years. 9 references, 8 figures.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Thomas, V.W. & Campbell, R.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Axion mass limits from pulsar x rays
Axions thermally emitted by a neutron star would be converted into x rays in the strong magnetic field surrounding the star. An improvement in the observational upper limit of pulsed x rays from the Vela pulsar (PSR 0833-45) by a factor of 12 would constrain the axion mass M/sub a/ < 2 x 10/sup -3/eV if the core is non-superfluid and at temperature T/sub c/ greater than or equal to 2 x 10/sup 8/K. If the core is superfluid throughout, an improvement factor of 240 would be needed to provide the same constraint on the axion mass, while in the absence of superfluidity, an improvement factor of 200 could constrain M/sub a/ < 6 x 10/sup -4/eV. A search for modulated hard x rays from PSR 1509-58 or other young pulsars at presently attainable sensitivities may enable the setting of an upper limit for the axion mass. Observation of hard x rays from a very young hot pulsar with T/sub c/ greater than or equal to 7 x 10/sup 8/K could set a firm bound on the axion mass, since neutron superfluidity is not expected above this temperature. The remaining axion mass range 6 x 10/sup -4/eV > M/sub a/ …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Morris, Donald E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Barometric pressure transient testing applications at the Nevada Test Site: formation permeability analysis. Final report
The report evaluates previous investigations of the gas permeability of the rock surrounding emplacement holes at the Nevada Test Site. The discussion sets the framework from which the present uncertainty in gas permeability can be overcome. The usefulness of the barometric pressure testing method has been established. Flow models were used to evaluate barometric pressure transients taken at NTS holes U2fe, U19ac and U20ai. 31 refs., 103 figs., 18 tabs. (ACR)
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Hanson, J.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CaF/sub 2/:Mn thermoluminescence: a single glow peak not described by 1st or 2nd order kinetics
The thermoluminescence (TL) of CaF/sub 2/:Mn has been studied using photon counting and digital recording. For doses of 10 rad or less the TL glow curves appear to consist of a single glow peak. However, there are indications - which are pronounced at larger doses - that one additional low intensity peak (area less than or equal to one percent) is superimposed on each side of the central peak. The intense peak is not described by 1st or 2nd order kinetics but is well described by the more general kinetics from which these kinetics are derived. These observations, and the results of additional kinetic analysis, demonstrate that retrapping is not negligible and may include all three peaks. In such systems, which are likely to include other dosimeter materials and minerals, peak height will not increase linearly with dose; an important factor for dosimetry and dating applications.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Hornyak, W.F.; Levy, P.W. & Kierstead, J.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of chemical waste site contamination and its extent using bioassays
Bioassays were used in a three-phase research project to assess the comparative sensitivity of test organisms to known chemicals, determine if the chemical components in field soil and water samples containing unknown contaminants could be inferred from our laboratory studies using known chemicals, and to investigate kriging (a relatively new statistical mapping technique) and bioassays as methods to define the areal extent of chemical contamination. The algal assay generally was most sensitive to samples of pure chemicals, soil elutriates and water from eight sites with known chemical contamination. Bioassays of nine samples of unknown chemical composition from the Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) site showed that a lettuce seed soil contact phytoassay was most sensitive. In general, our bioassays can be used to broadly identify toxic components of contaminated soil. Nearly pure compounds of insecticides and herbicides were less toxic in the sensitive bioassays than were the counterpart commercial formulations. This finding indicates that chemical analysis alone may fail to correctly rate the severity of environmental toxicity. Finally, we used the lettuce seed phytoassay and kriging techniques in a field study at RMA to demonstrate the feasibility of mapping contamination to aid in cleanup decisions. 25 references, 9 figures, 9 tables.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Thomas, J. M.; Callahan, C. A.; Cline, J. F.; Greene, J. C.; McShane, M. C.; Miller, W. E. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Charge exchange recombination spectroscopy as a plasma diagnostic tool
Intensity and line profile measurements of the spectra of light hydrogenic ion which are excited by charge exchange reactions with fast neutral atoms are being widely used as diagnostics for fusion plasma research. This technique, which is referred to as charge exchange recombination spectroscopy, allows measurements of the densities of fully stripped impurity ions and particle transport coefficients with only minor uncertainties arising from atomic processes. The excitation of long wavelength transitions in light ions such as He/sup +/, C/sup 5 +/, and O/sup 7 +/ allows relatively easy measurements of ion velocity distributions to determine ion temperatures and plasma rotation velocities. Among its advantages for such measurements are the facts that fiber optic coupling between a remote spectrometer and the immediate reactor environment is possible in many cases. The measurement is localized by the intersection region of a neutral beamline and viewing sightline, and intrinsic ions can be used so that injection of potentially perturbing impurities can be avoided. A particularly challenging application of this technique lies in the diagnosis of alpha particles expected to be produced in the present generation of Q approx. = 1 tokamak experiments.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Fonck, R.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chern-Simons terms and cocycles in physics and mathematics
Contemporary topological research in Yang-Mills theory is reviewed, emphasizing the Chern-Simons terms and their relatives. Three applications of the Chern-Simons terms in physical theory are described: to help understanding gauge theories in even dimensional space-time; gauge field dynamics in odd dimensional space-time; and mathematically coherent description of even-dimensional gauge theories with chiral fermions that are apparently inconsistent due to chiral anomalies. Discussion of these applications is preceded by explanation of the mathematical preliminaries and examples in simple quantum mechanical settings. 24 refs. (LEW)
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Jackiw, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coherent x-rays and vacuum-ultraviolet radiation from storage-ring-based undulators and free electron lasers
High-brightness electron storage rings and permanent-magnet technology provide a basis for the development of coherent radiation in the 10- to 1000-A (xuv) spectral range. The most assured route to the production of coherent x-rays and vuv is the simple interaction between properly constrained relativistic electrons and permanent-magnet undulators, a subject that is already well understood and where technology is well advanced. Other techniques are less well developed, but with increasing degrees of technical challenge they will provide additional coherence properties. Transverse optical klystrons (TOKs) provide an opportunity for additional coherence at certain harmonics of longer-wavelength lasers. Free electron lasers (FELs) extend coherence capabilities substantially through two possible routes: one is the development of suitable mirror coatings. Both FEL techniques would provide vuv radiation and soft x rays with extremely narrow spectral content. Research on all of these techniques (undulators, TOKs, and FELs) is possible in a single facility based on a high-brightness electron storage ring, referred to herein as a Coherent xuv Facility (CXF). Individual items from the report were prepared separately for the data base.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Kim, K.J. (ed.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Columbia River White Sturgeon (Acipenser Transmontanus) Enhancement, May 1-December 31, 1983 Final Report.
Studies were undertaken to examine and define the early life history characteristics of Columbia River white sturgeon as a working base from which enhancement measures could be developed. Adult sturgeon were captured and held for spawning at Covert's Landing, the site of the hatchery facilities below Bonneville Dam. Pituitary hormones stimulated ovulation; ripe females were live spawned surgically and the eggs incubated in hatching jars. Larvae were either reared at the hatchery site after incubation to advanced fingerling stages or transferred to the University laboratory for more detailed study. Displacement downstream occurs as a means of distribution and can last several days before a strong substrate preference is manifested. Once bottom contact is sought by the larvae, displacement is abated, and a general preference for sandy surface appears to predominate. Since potentially extensive displacement downstream could result in the distribution of larvae in saltwater, the tolerance of young sturgeon to saltwater was examined. The responsiveness of young sturgeon to artificial feed was positive. With these results, the original concern for identifying an adequate diet and food source that would be readily accepted by fry was greatly attenuated. The readiness of young fry to initiate feeding on the artificial diet made …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Brannon, E. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comments on "Locality, Bell's Theorem, and Quantum Mechanics"
Two different ideas of locality are described. Both are due essentially to Einstein. Quantum theory is compatible with the first but not the second. The problems encountered in the article cited in the title arise from trying to use only the first idea of locality, whereas Bell's-theorem considerations pertain to the second.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Stapp, H. P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computational Physics Program of the National MFE Computer Center
None
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Mirin, A. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Consequence analysis of a hypothetical contained criticality accident in the Hanford Critical Mass Laboratory
The original hazards summary report (i.e., SAR) for the CML addressed the consequences of a hypothetical accidential critical excursion occurring with the experimental assembly room open. That report indicated that the public would receive insignificant radiation exposure regardless of the type of atmospheric condition, while plant personnel could possibly receive exposures greater than the annual exposure limits for radiation workers, when a strong inversion existed. This analysis investigates the consequencs of a hypothetical accident criticality occurring with the experimental assembly room sealed. Due to the containment capabilities designed and built into the critical assembly room, the consequences are greatly reduced below those presented in HW-66266. Despite the incorporation of many extremely conservative assumptions to simplify the analysis, the radiation doses predicted for personnel 100 meters or more distant from the CML are found to be smaller than the annual radiation dose limit for members of the public in uncontrolled areas during routine, nonaccident operations. Therefore, the results of this analysis demonstrate that the occurrence of a hypothetical critical excursion within the sealed experimental assembly room at the Hanford Critical Mass Laboratory presents only a small, acceptable risk to personnel and facilities in the area and no additional safety systems or …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Gore, B. F.; Strenge, D. L. & Mishima, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Control of a pulse height analyzer using an RDX workstation
The Nuclear Chemistry Division of Lawrence Livermore National laboratory is in the midst of upgrading its radiation counting facilities to automate data acquisition and quality control. This upgrade requires control of a pulse height analyzer (PHA) from an interactive LSI-11/23 workstation running RSX-11M. The PHA is a micro-computer based multichannel analyzer system providing data acquisition, storage, display, manipulation and input/output from up to four independent acquisition interfaces. Control of the analyzer includes reading and writing energy spectra, issuing commands, and servicing device interrupts. The analyzer communicates to the host system over a 9600-baud serial line using the Digital Data Communications link level Protocol (DDCMP). We relieved the RSX workstation CPU from the DDCMP overhead by implementing a DEC compatible in-house designed DMA serial line board (the ISL-11) to communicate with the analyzer. An RSX I/O device driver was written to complete the path between the analyzer and the RSX system by providing the link between the communication board and an application task. The I/O driver is written to handle several ISL-11 cards all operating in parallel thus providing support for control of multiple analyzers from a single workstation. The RSX device driver, its design and use by application code controlling …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Montelongo, S. & Hunt, D.N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conversion of transuranic waste to low level waste by decontamination: a technical and economic evaluation
A study was conducted to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of using in-situ decontamination techniques to convert glove boxes and other large TRU-contaminated components directly into LLW. The results of the technical evaluation indicate that in-situ decontamination of these types of components to non-TRU levels is technically feasible. Applicable decontamination techniques include electropolishing, hand scrubbing, chemical washes/sprays, strippable coatings and Freon spray-cleaning. The removal of contamination from crevices and other holdup areas remains a problem, but may be solved through further advances in decontamination technology. Also, the increase in the allowable maximum TRU level from 10 nCi/g to 100 nCi/g as defined in DOE Order 5820.2 reduces the removal requirement and facilitates measurement of the remaining quantities. The major emphasis of the study was on a cost/benefit evaluation that included a review and update of previous analyses and evaluations of TRU-waste volume reduction and conversion options. The results of the economic evaluation show, for the assumptions used, that there is a definite cost incentive to size reduce large components, and that decontamination of sectioned material has become cost competitive with the size reduction options. In-situ decontamination appears to be the lowest cost option when based on routine-type operations conducted …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Allen, R.P. & Hazelton, R.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
D10 experiment: coolability of UO/sub 2/ debris in sodium with downward heat removal. [LMFBR]
The LMFBR Debris Coolability Program at Sandia National Laboratories investigates the coolability of particle beds which may form following a severe accident involving core disassembly in a nuclear reactor. The D series experiments utilize fission heating of fully enriched UO/sub 2/ particles submerged in sodium to realistically simulate decay heating. The D10 experiment is the first in the series to study the effects of bottom cooling of the debris that could be provided in an actual accident condition by structural materials onto which the debris might settle. Additionally, the D10 experiment was designed to achieve maximum temperatures in the debris approaching the melting point of UO/sub 2/. The experiment was successfully operated for over 50 hours and investigated downward heat removal in a packed bed at specific powers of 0.16 to 0.58 W/g. Dryout in the debris was achieved at powers from 0.42 to 0.58 W/g. Channels were induced in the bed and channeled bed dryout was achieved at powers of 1.06 to 1.77 W/g. Maximum temperatures in excess of 2500/sup 0/C were attained.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Mitchell, G.W.; Ottinger, C.A. & Meister, H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and fabrication of a unique electromechanical machine for long-term fatigue testing
An electromechanical machine has been designed and fabricated for performing long-term fatigue tests under conditions that simulate those in modern plants. The machine is now commercially available. Its advantages over current electrohydraulic machines are lower initial cost, minimum maintenance requirements, and greater reliability especially when performing long tests. The machine operates in closed-loop fashion by utilizing continuous feedback signals from the specimen extensometer or load cell, it is programmable for testing in strain or load control. The maximum ram rate is 0.056 mm/s (0.134 in./min), maximum ram travel is 102 mm (4 in.) and load capacity is +-44 (+-10 kips). Induction heating controls speciment temperatures to 1000/sup 0/C.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Boling, K.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a cleaning process for uranium chips machined with a glycol-water-borax coolant
A chip-cleaning process has been developed to remove the new glycol-water-borax coolant from oralloy chips. The process involves storing the freshly cut chips in Freon-TDF until they are cleaned, washing with water, and displacing the water with Freon-TDF. The wash water can be reused many times and still yield clean chips and then be added to the coolant to make up for evaporative losses. The Freon-TDF will be cycled by evaporation. The cleaning facility is currently being designed and should be operational by April 1985.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Taylor, P. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Draft environmental assessment: Richton Dome site, Mississippi. Nuclear Waste Policy Act (Section 112). [Contains Glossary]
In February 1983, the US Department of Energy identified the Richton dome site as one of the nine potentially acceptable sites for a mined geo
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of gamma-ray irradiation on dislocations in sodium nitrate single crystals
The topography of the etch pits formed on the (100) cleavage surfaces of unirradiated and irradiated NaNO/sub 3/ single crystals has been studied. The principal etch pit alignments are consistent with dislocation families of the type (100) (011), (211) (011), and (111) (011). The pit density increases from 1.4 (+-0.2) x 10/sup 4//cm/sup 2/ at zero dose to 7.3 (+-0.2) x 10/sup 5//cm/sup 2/ at 5.0 x 10/sup 8/ rad. With increasing dose the pit density distribution narrows and clusters at 1.0 x 10/sup 6/ pits/cm/sup 2/ at doses above 5.0 x 10/sup 8/ rad. Above this dose radiolytic-induced micro bumps or structures are observed that precede the onset of radiolytic decomposition that is visible at 2.5 x 0/sup 9/ rad. These asymmetric structures appear to nucleate at the same sites as the chemically created etch pits and are aligned in the same principal directions. These observations indicate that dislocations are important sites for nucleating radiation induced decomposition and internal radiolytic gas generation. 12 references, 9 figures, 1 table.
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
Solnick-Legg, H.; Herley, P. J. & Levy, P. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of interactive transport and scavenging of smoke on the calculated temperature change resulting from large amounts of smoke
Several theoretical studies with numerical models have shown that substantial land-surface cooling can occur if very large amounts (approx. 100 x 10/sup 12/ = 100 Tg) of highly absorbing sooty-particles are injected high into the troposphere and spread instantaneously around the hemisphere (Turco et al., 1983; Covey et al. 1984; MacCracken, 1983). A preliminary step beyond these initial calculations has been made by interactively coupling the two-layer, three-dimensional Oregon State University general circulation model (GCM) to the three-dimensional GRANTOUR trace species model developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The GCM simulation includes treatment of tropospheric dynamics and thermodynamics and the effect of soot on solar radiation. The GRANTOUR simulation includes treatment of particle transport and scavenging by precipitation, although no satisfactory verification of the scavenging algorithm has yet been possible. We have considered the climatic effects of 150 Tg (i.e., the 100 Mt urban war scenario from Turco et al., 1983) and of 15 Tg of smoke from urban fires over North America and Eurasia. Starting with a perpetual July atmospheric situation, calculation of the climatic effects as 150 Tg of smoke are spread slowly by the winds, rather than instantaneously dispersed as in previous calculations, leads to some …
Date:
December 1, 1984
Creator:
MacCracken, M.C. & Walton, J.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library