The prediction of future CO/sub 2/ content in the atmosphere is not completely credible because the oceanographers and terrestrial ecologists do not agree on the global CO/sub 2/ balance. Very precise measurements of O/sub 2//N/sub 2/ ratio using Raman scattering over a few years' period could provide important information and lead to the explanation of the disparity in the atmospheric CO/sub 2/ balance. An optical discriminator-counter has been developed to count closely spaced optical events in the few photon level. Simulated optical events as close as 2.5 ns apart had been positively detected by using selected photomultipliers and optimized discriminators. Testing of the optical discriminator-counter was done by using an electrical pulse pair spaced 3 ns apart and also by a similar optical pulse pair generated by fast light-emitting diode. The photomultiplier is capable of counting an average single photoelectron pulse frequency of 50 MHz and has a sensitive detecting area of 50 mm in diameter. The discriminator performance is discussed.

Newspaper from Oscar Rose Junior College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.

Monthly publication containing information related to Chambers County, Texas, including current events of the Chambers County Historical Commission, the Wallisville Heritage Park, and the Chambers County historical and genealogical societies; reprinted newspaper articles about county events and citizens; and historical news and records.

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

To assist the Department of Energy in its investigation of methods for recycling used motor oil, Market Facts conducted a telephone survey of individuals who change their own motor oil. The study examined the amount of oil used, oil change practices, oil disposal methods, and perceptions and attitudes toward used motor oil disposal and oil recycling. The results of this survey are presented in this report. The findings of this study confirm the generally held view that about half the vehicle households in the United States now do their own oil changes and additions. These do-it-yourselfers (DIY) households account for almost two-thirds of the motor oil consumed by all US households and produce about one-third of one billion gallons of used motor oil annually. At least half of this used motor oil, more than 170 million gallons, is returned to the environment in a form that pollutes the ground and endangers the water supply. Measures such as requiring information about proper disposal and the need for recycling used oil to be printed on motor oil containers have been taken in many states. The need for reminder advertising and reinforcement education and information and practical measures to ease the burden of …

Three standard reference materials, flyash, soil, and ASI 4340 steel, were analyzed by a method of absolute instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Two different light water pool-type reactors were used to produce equivalent analytical results even though the epithermal to thermal flux ratio in one reactor was higher than that in the other by a factor of two.

This report evaluates the risks involved with shipping uranium ore concentrates by truck in an attempt to provide some perspective on the system safety issues. The basic probabilistic risk evaluation methodology used in this study is similar to that employed by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) in a series of risk analyses on the transportation of potentially hazardous energy materials. The risk model has been constructed as a series of separate analysis steps to allow the system risk to be readily reevaluated as additional data become available or as postulated system characteristics change. The reslts of this analysis show that the risks to the public health and safety from yellowcake releases during a transportation accident are insignificant. Accidents involving truck shipments of yellowcake are expected to occur at a rate of about ten a year. However, only one-fifth of these accidents, or about two a year, are expected to cause a release of yellowcake to the environment. None of these accidents was estimated to produce any potential fatalities. The low concentration of radioactivity distributed throughout the material resulted in no significant increase in radiation doses above normal background levels to members of the general public.

The case is considered in which the blanket product stream has been purified to the point where only protium, tritium, and a small quantity of deuterium remain. A cryogenic distillation cascade concept developed specifically to handle this enrichment problem is shown. The concept is based on a series of distillation columns and equilibrators capable of producing a protium-rich stream containing less than 1000 appm T and a tritium-rich stream containing less than 2000 appm H. It is envisioned that both of these streams could be blended with streams of comparable composition in the mainstream position of the fuel cycle without further processing. The computational analysis of the cascade was based on a fixed arrangement of columns and equilibrators and a fixed number of theoretical plates per columns, since these features are less easily varied in an actual system than reflux ratios and flow rates. In order to test the flexibility of this conceptual enruchment system to adjust to variations of the H/T ratio in the feed, H/T values of 0.333, 1.00, and 3.00 were investigated.

A technique for performing calculationally assisted evaluations of shift-register coincidence counter data is discussed. An example of a typical application for some high mass PuO/sub 2/ samples is presented. Methods for applying the technique to general coincidence counter use are described.

The local stability of the EBT plasma is analyzed for the long wavelength perturbations in the frequency regime, ..omega.. approx. less than or equal to ..cap omega../sub i/(..cap omega../sub i/ is ion cyclotron frequency). In addition to the low frequency interchange instability, the plasma can be unstable to the compressional Alfven wave. Contrary to the previously obtained quadratic dispersion relation in ..omega.. for the interchange mode, our dispersion relations for both types of instabilities are cubic in ..omega... New stability boundaries are found, for the hot electron interchange mode, to relate to the enhanced compressibility of the core plasma in the presence of hot electrons. The compressional Alfven instability is driven due to the coupling of hot electron magnetic drifts and diamagnetic drift with the compressional Alfven wave. The stability conditions of these two types of instabilities are opposite to each other.

Bent cylindrical mirrors are considered as substitutes for paraboloidal and ellipsoidal mirrors in x-ray beamlines. Analytic and raytracing studies are used to compare their optical performance with the corresponding ideal elements. Particular emphasis is placed on obtaining the practical limitations in the application of bent cylinders to typical beamline configurations.

Activities of the Los Alamos Nuclear Data Group for January 1 through March 31, 1981, are described. Topics include: (1) peripheral effects in R-matrix theory; (2) Coulomb corrections in light nuclei; (3) new R-matrix analysis of reactions in the /sup 7/Li system; (4) variance-covariance analysis of n + Li reactions; (5) calculated charged-particle emission in the mass-90 region; (6) determination of deformed optical model parameters for neutron reactions on /sup 235/U and /sup 239/Pu; (7) calculation of excited state cross sections for actinide nuclei; (8) calculation of the prompt neutron spectrum and ..nu../sub p/ for the spontaneous fission of /sup 252/Cf; (9) international nuclear model codes comparison study; (10) an improved calculation of heating and radiation damage from neutron capture; (11) LMFBR cross-section production with MAX; (12) TRANSX development; (13) THOR calculations; (14) covariance processing; (15) analysis of charges for use of central computing facility; (16) S/sub n/ calculations for D/sub 2/O sphere; (17) integral data testing of ENDF/B fission-product data; (18) decay power comparisons using ENDF/B-IV and -V data in CINDER-10; (19) ENDF/B-V data testing and summary data; (20) SPEC5: code to produce multigroup spectra; and (21) calculation of H. B. Robinson-2 fuel isotopics and comparison with measurements. (WHK)

Verification of the regional wind energy resource assessments produced by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory addresses the question: Is the magnitude of the resource given in the assessments truly representative of the area of interest. Approaches using qualitative indicators of wind speed (tree deformation, eolian features), old and new data of opportunity not at sites specifically chosen for their exposure to the wind, and data by design from locations specifically selected to be good wind sites are described. Data requirements and evaluation procedures for verifying the resource are discussed.

Reconstruction of the radial two-dimensional distributions of fission products using projections obtained by nondestructive gamma scanning was evaluated. The filtered backprojection algorithm provided the best reconstruction for simulated gamma-ray sources, as well as for actual irradiated fuel material. Both a low-burnup (11.5 GWd/tU) light-water reactor fuel rod and a high-burnup (179.1 GWd/tU) fast breeder reactor fuel rod were examined using this technique.

The actinide concentrations of the defense transuranic (TRU) wastes were analyzed and the potential effects of the radiation on the properties of the wastes after conversion to immobile forms were assessed. The study focused on the contact-handled retrievably-stored wastes. The major components of the current inventory are defense plutonium-contaminated wastes containing various amounts of /sup 241/Am. The wastes stored at Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) are typical of the wastes in this category. There is also a substantial amount of wastes contaminated with plutonium enriched in /sup 238/Pu arising from the Department of Energy's isotopic heat-source programs. Most of these wastes are stored at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and the Savannah River Plant (SRP) sites. Four reference wastes were selected representing a credible range of actinide activities and were used for estimating radiation doses to the final waste forms based on: INEL first stage sludge, a composite of all wastes at INEL, a composite of all wastes at LANL including both defense and heat source plutonium wastes, and a composite of all heat-source plutonium wastes at SRP free from defense plutonium. From integrated alpha and beta-gamma doses over a 10/sup 5/y storage period, it is concluded that: accumulated …

The COBRA/CFTL code has been developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for thermal-hydraulic analysis of simulated gas-cooled fast breeder reactor (GCFR) core assemblies to be tested in the core flow test loop (CFTL). The COBRA/CFTL code was obtained by modifying the General Atomic code COBRA*GCFR. This report discusses these modifications, compares the two code results for three cases which represent conditions from fully rough turbulent flow to laminar flow. Case 1 represented fully rough turbulent flow in the bundle. Cases 2 and 3 represented laminar and transition flow regimes. The required input for the COBRA/CFTL code, a sample problem input/output and the code listing are included in the Appendices.

Results are reported of geologic mapping of geothermal anomalies in the Gila Hot Springs KGRA/Mimbres Hot Springs area, Grant County. They suggest that both hot-spring occurrences are structurally controlled by the intersection of a major Basin and Range fault and the disturbed margin of an ash-flow tuff cauldron. Hydrothermal alteration in both areas is related to mid-Tertiary volcanism, not to modern hot springs. At Gila Hot Springs, the geothermal aquifer is a zone at the contact between the unwelded top of a major ash-flow tuff sheet (Bloodgood Canyon Rhyolite Tuff) and a succession of interlayered vesicular basaltic andesite flows and thin sandstone beds (Bearwallow Mountain Formation). Scattered groups of natural hot springs occur at intersections of this zone and the faults bordering the northeastern side of the Gila Hot Springs graben. Hydrothermal alteration of Bloodgood Canyon Rhyolite Tuff near major faults seems to have increased its permeability. At Mimbres Hot Springs, a single group of hot springs is controlled by the intersection of the Mimbres Hot Springs fault and a fractured welded ash-flow tuff that fills the Emory cauldron (Kneeling Nun Tuff). Gila Hot Springs and Mimbres Hot Springs do not seem to be connected by throughgoing faults. At both …

An automated data collection system controlled by a desktop computer has been developed for testing Fresnel concentrators (lenses) intended for solar energy applications. The system maps the two-dimensional irradiance pattern (image) formed in a plane parallel to the lens, whereas the lens and detector assembly track the sun. A point detector silicon diode (0.5-mm-dia active area) measures the irradiance at each point of an operator-defined rectilinear grid of data positions. Comparison with a second detector measuring solar insolation levels results in solar concentration ratios over the image plane. Summation of image plane energies allows calculation of lens efficiencies for various solar cell sizes. Various graphical plots of concentration ratio data help to visualize energy distribution patterns.

The marginal stability condition of ballooning instabilities for toroidal confinement devices is derived for low critical stability ..beta.. (..beta.. less than or equal to 10%). The stability condition derived here should be applicable to EBT and multipoles as well as tokamaks and stellarators. For EBT and multipoles a more compact expression for the stability condition is possible and is given here in the appendix.

The structure of the hydrogen Balmer alpha line emission profiles from three types of neutral beam injector ion source plasmas (filling pressure approx. 10 mTorr, electron density approx. 1 to 2 x 10/sup 12/ cm/sup -3/, electron temperature approx. 2 to 4 eV) is studied with the aid of a simple model for the neutral particle balance and H/sub ..cap alpha../ emission. A large fraction of the H/sub ..cap alpha../ is produced by dissociative excitation of H/sub 2/ and dissociative recombination of H/sub 2//sup +/, while the remainder is produced by excitation of H atoms, most of which have energies that are close to the characteristic H/sub 2/ dissociation energies. The H/sub ..cap alpha../ linewidth is thus insensitive to the discharge operating conditions and equals approx. 0.27 A when only slow (approx. 0.3 eV) dissociatively excited atoms are present or approx. 0.35 A when fast (> 1 eV) atoms, apparently also produced in dissociation reactions, are present as well.

The findings of a feasibility study performed for Basin View Heating District in Klamath Falls, Oregon are reported. The purpose of the study is to determine the physical, economic, and political feasibility of establishing a geothermal heating district to provide space heat to housing units in the Basin View Development of Klamath Falls. Of the several systems considered, all are physically feasible. The project is politically feasible if the owner compiles with governmental requirements. Economic feasibility is based on considerations of money value rates, tax rates and expected rates of return, which are dependent on government and money markets. For analysis a money value rate of 21% and an owner's marginal tax rate of 35% were adopted.

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Objective is to demonstrate the technical efficiency and economics of a commercial scale in-situ combustion project in a shallow heavy oil reservoir. Five elongated inverted nine-spot patterns were developed for this demonstration on Cities Service Company's Bodcau Fee B lease in the Bellevue Field, Bossier Parish, Louisiana. The five patterns comprising the demonstration project enclose 19 productive acres and consist of thirty-eight producing, five injection and five observation wells. This report briefly reviews the history of the project with emphasis on operations from September 1979 through February 1981. Sections on the air system explosion in February 1980 and the results from an evaluation well drilling program in pattern 15 are highlights.

The operating data on the Boise Cascade-INEL solar homes located in Boise and Idaho Falls, Idaho, are summarized for the period from July 1, 1980 through March 31, 1981. All three major system functions are discussed: space heating, domestic hot water heating, and space cooling. In addition, the updated data acquisition system, which allows for simultaneous acquisition and analysis of data, and also the new data reduction and analysis capabilities are discussed. The general performance of the houses during the reporting period is summarized, but it is beyond the scope of this report to present a detailed analysis of the data or to completely address existing data anomalies.