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Multi-Scale Multi-Dimensional Model for Better Cell Design and Management
Describes NREL's R&D to develop a multi-scale model to assist in designing better, more reliable lithium-ion battery cells for advanced vehicles.
Date:
September 1, 2008
Creator:
Kim, G.-H. & Smith, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Infrastructure Analysis Tools: A Focus on Cash Flow Analysis
NREL has developed and maintains a variety of infrastructure analysis models for the U.S. Department of Energy. Business case analysis has recently been added to this tool set. This presentation focuses on cash flow analysis. Cash flows depend upon infrastructure costs, optimized spatially and temporally, and assumptions about financing and revenue. NREL has incorporated detailed metrics on financing and incentives into the models. Next steps in modeling include continuing to collect feedback on regional/local infrastructure development activities and 'roadmap' dynamics, and incorporating consumer preference assumptions on infrastructure to provide direct feedback between vehicles and station rollout.
Date:
September 1, 2012
Creator:
Melaina, M. & Penev, M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NREL/CCSE PEV Battery Second Use Project
This presentation describes the Battery Second Use Project. Preliminary analysis results show (1) the impact of competing technologies, (2) potential revenue generation, and (3) supply and demand of the second use of plug-in electric vehicle batteries. The impact of competing technologies are: maximum salve value of a used battery will be limited by future battery prices, under favorable conditions, second use can only discount today's battery prices by 12% or less, however, second use will offer batteries to second applications at reduced cost (typically < $170/kWh). Revenue streams are highly variable, allowable battery costs are highly sensitive to balance-of-system costs, and batteries need to be very cheap for these applications to be viable. Supply and demand show that high-value applications have both competition and small markets, and supply from plug-in electric vehicles has the potential to overwhelm many second use markets.
Date:
September 1, 2011
Creator:
Neubauer, J. & Pesaran, A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Western Wind and Solar Integration Study: Phase 2 [Presentation]
This presentation summarizes the scope and results of the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study Phase 2, which examined operational impacts of high penetrations of variable renewable generation in the West.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Lew, D.; Brinkman, G.; Ibanez, E.; Lefton, S.; Kumar, N.; Venkataraman, S. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alternative Fuels Market and Policy Trends
Market forces and policies are increasing opportunities for alternative fuels. There is no one-size-fits-all, catch-all, silver-bullet fuel. States play a critical role in the alternative fuel market and are taking a leading role.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Schroeder, A. N.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lifetime Prediction for Degradation of Solar Mirrors using Step-Stress Accelerated Testing
This research is to illustrate the use of statistical inference techniques in order to quantify the uncertainty surrounding reliability estimates in a step-stress accelerated degradation testing (SSADT) scenario. SSADT can be used when a researcher is faced with a resource-constrained environment, e.g., limits on chamber time or on the number of units to test. We apply the SSADT methodology to a degradation experiment involving concentrated solar power (CSP) mirrors and compare the results to a more traditional multiple accelerated testing paradigm. Specifically, our work includes: (1) designing a durability testing plan for solar mirrors (3M's new improved silvered acrylic "Solar Reflector Film (SFM) 1100") through the ultra-accelerated weathering system (UAWS), (2) defining degradation paths of optical performance based on the SSADT model which is accelerated by high UV-radiant exposure, and (3) developing service lifetime prediction models for solar mirrors using advanced statistical inference. We use the method of least squares to estimate the model parameters and this serves as the basis for the statistical inference in SSADT. Several quantities of interest can be estimated from this procedure, e.g., mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) and warranty time. The methods allow for the estimation of quantities that may be of interest to the domain scientists.
Date:
September 1, 2011
Creator:
Lee, J.; Elmore, R.; Kennedy, C.; Gray, M. & Jones, W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Group 3: Humidity, Temperature and Voltage
This is a summary of the work of Group 3 of the International PV QA Task Force. Group 3 is chartered to develop accelerated stress tests that can be used as comparative predictors of module lifetime versus stresses associated with humidity, temperature and voltage.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Wohlgemuth, J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Thermal Control Enabling Cost Reduction for Automotive Power Electronics
Describes NREL's work on next-generation vehicle cooling technologies (jets, sprays, microchannels) and novel packaging topologies to reduce costs and increase performance and reliability.
Date:
September 1, 2008
Creator:
Abraham, T.; Kelly, K.; Bennion, K. & Vlahinos, A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Impacts of Renewable Generation on Fossil Fuel Unit Cycling: Costs and Emissions
Prepared for the Clean Energy Regulatory Forum III, this presentation looks at the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study and reexamines the cost and emissions impacts of fossil fuel unit cycling.
Date:
September 1, 2012
Creator:
Brinkman, G.; Lew, D. & Denholm, P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Estimate of the Geothermal Energy Resource in the Major Sedimentary Basins in the United States
Because most sedimentary basins have been explored for oil and gas, well logs, temperatures at depth, and reservoir properties such as depth to basement and formation thickness are well known. The availability of this data reduces exploration risk and allows development of geologic exploration models for each basin. This study estimates the magnitude of recoverable geothermal energy from 15 major known U.S. sedimentary basins and ranks these basins relative to their potential. The total available thermal resource for each basin was estimated using the volumetric heat-in-place method originally proposed by (Muffler, 1979). A qualitative recovery factor was determined for each basin based on data on flow volume, hydrothermal recharge, and vertical and horizontal permeability. Total sedimentary thickness maps, stratigraphic columns, cross sections, and temperature gradient information was gathered for each basin from published articles, USGS reports, and state geological survey reports. When published data were insufficient, thermal gradients and reservoir properties were derived from oil and gas well logs obtained on oil and gas commission databases. Basin stratigraphy, structural history, and groundwater circulation patterns were studied in order to develop a model that estimates resource size, temperature distribution, and a probable quantitative recovery factor.
Date:
September 1, 2012
Creator:
Esposito, A.; Porro, C.; Augustine, C. & Roberts, B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Improving the Accuracy of Software-Based Energy Analysis for Residential Buildings
This presentation describes the basic components of software-based energy analysis for residential buildings, explores the concepts of 'error' and 'accuracy' when analysis predictions are compared to measured data, and explains how NREL is working to continuously improve the accuracy of energy analysis methods.
Date:
September 1, 2011
Creator:
Polly, B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Renewable Electricity Futures
This presentation summarizes findings of NREL's Renewable Electricity Futures study, published in June 2012. RE Futures investigated the challenges and impacts of achieving very high renewable electricity generation levels in the contiguous United States by 2050.
Date:
September 1, 2012
Creator:
Hand, M. Maureen
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Microstructural Stability of 9-12 Cr Steels at Elevated Temperatures
The objective of this report is to explore new substitutional solute solution (Cu, Co) and precipitate (TiC) hardening mechanisms for improved strength of 9-12 Cr martensitic steels.
Date:
September 1, 2005
Creator:
Dogan, Omer N. & Hawk, Jeffrey A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project: Project Overview and Fall 2006 Results
This presentation on NREL's Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project was given by Keith Wipke at the ZEV Technology Symposium on September 15, 2006.
Date:
September 1, 2006
Creator:
Wipke, K.; Welch, C.; Thomas, H.; Sprik, S.; Gronich, S.; Garbak, J. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Storage System Considerations for Grid-Charged Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Provides an overview of a study regarding energy storage system considerations for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
Date:
September 1, 2005
Creator:
Markel, T. & Simpson, A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High temperature oxidation resistance of welded ferritic, austenitic and nickel alloys for balance of plant (BOP) in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems
None
Date:
September 1, 2005
Creator:
Wilson, Rick D.; Hawk, Jeffrey A. & Alman, David E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Room and Elevated Temperature Mechanical Behavior of 9-12% Cr Steels with Mn and Si Additions for Oxidation Resistance
None
Date:
September 1, 2005
Creator:
Hawk, Jeffrey A.; Dogan, Omer N.; Alman, David E. & Jablonski, Paul D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent and Current Research & Roadmapping Activities: Overview
December 2008 DOE Algal Biofuels Technology Roadmap Workshop plenary presentation: summarizes past and current algal biofuels activity, status of research funding, and recent roadmapping activities.
Date:
September 1, 2008
Creator:
Darzins, A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Junction Evolution During Fabrication of CdS/CdTe Thin-film PV Solar Cells
Discussion of the formation of CdTe thin-film PV junctions and optimization of CdTe thin-film PV solar cells.
Date:
September 1, 2010
Creator:
Gessert, T. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uncertainty in Pyranometer and Pyrheliometer Calibrations Using GUM for NREL's ISO-17025 Accreditation Effort
2010 International Pyrheliometer Comparisons, IPC-XI Conference presentation titled: Uncertainty in Pyranometer and Pyrheliometer Calibrations Using GUM for NREL's ISO-17025 Accreditation Effort.
Date:
September 1, 2010
Creator:
Reda, I.; Myers, D. & Stoffel, T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Photovoltaic System Pricing Trends: Historical, Recent, and Near-Term Projections 2013 Edition
This briefing provides a high-level overview of historical, recent, and projected near-term PV system pricing trends in the United States, drawing on several ongoing research activities from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It also discusses the different methodologies and factors that impact the estimated price of a PV system, such as system size, location, technology, and reporting methods. These factors, including timing, can have a significant impact on system pricing.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Feldman, D.; Margolis, R.; James, T.; Goodrich, A.; Barbose, G.; Dargouth, N. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Current State of the Voluntary Renewable Energy Market
This presentation highlights the status of the voluntary green power market in 2012. The voluntary green power market totaled more than 48 million MWh in 2012, with about 1.9 million customers participating. The supply continues to be dominated by wind, though solar is increasing its share of utility green pricing programs. Prices for voluntary renewable energy certificates (RECs) increased to above $1/MWh.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Heeter, J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Results of IEC 62804 Draft Round Robin Testing
Three crystalline silicon module designs were distributed in five replicas each to five laboratories for testing according to the IEC 62804 (Committee Draft) system voltage durability qualification test for crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) modules. The stress tests were performed in environmental chambers at 60 degrees C, 85% relative humidity, 96 h, and with module nameplate system voltage applied.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Hacke, P.; Terwilliger, K.; Koch, S.; Weber, T.; Berghold, J.; Hoffmann, S. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Building Toward a Small Wind Turbine Site Assessor Credential
Proper site assessment is integral to the development of a successful small wind project. Without a small wind site assessor certification program, consumers, including state incentive program managers, lack a benchmark for differentiating between qualified and nonqualified site assessors. A small wind site assessor best practice manual is being developed as a resource for consumers until a credential program becomes available. This presentation describes the purpose, proposed content, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's approach to the development of such a manual.
Date:
September 1, 2013
Creator:
Sinclair, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library