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30,206 Matching Results
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PTOLEMY, a Program for Heavy-Ion Direction-Reaction Calculations
Ptolemy is an IBM/360 program for the computation of nuclear elastic and direct-reaction cross sections. It carries out both optical-model fits to elastic-scattering data at one or more energies, and DWBA calculations for nucleon-transfer reactions. Ptolemy has been specifically designed for heavy-ion calculations. It is fast and does not require large amounts of core. The input is exceptionally flexible and easy to use. This report outlines the types of calculation that Ptolemy can carry out, summarizes the formulas used, and gives a detailed description of its input.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Gloeckner, D. H.; Macfarlane, M. H. & Pieper, Steven C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
PTOLEMY : a Program for Heavy-Ion Direction-Reaction Calculations
Many important additions and improvements have been made to Ptolemy since the previously-documented version of February 1976. An indication of this is that the list of keywords has been expanded by thirty. Collective-model inelastic excitement has been added. The computation of the transfer DWBA amplitudes has been significantly improved by the use of interpolation in the Ri +Ro variable. Elastic scattering and reactions involving identical particles may now be computed. Simultaneous optical model fits to several different elastic channels are possible. Significant changes to this manual are marked with a vertical bar in the left margin and should be carefully reviewed. In addition the contents of the manual have been extensively re-ordered.
Date:
1978
Creator:
Macfarlane, M. H. & Pieper, Steven C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coal Supply and Air Quality Limitations on Fossil-Fueled Energy Centers
The coterminous United States is screened on a county-by-county basis to identify areas most likely to provide sites for fossil energy centers (FECs) utilizing local coals and having capacities between 5,000 and 20,000 MWe. Areas eliminated as potential sites include national public lands excluded by legislation, urbanized areas, Air Quality Maintenance Areas for particulates and SO2, and counties where air quality data indicate violations of particulate or SO2 ambient standards. The remaining counties are further screened for suitable coal reserves. The quality of coal required for an FEC to meet emissions and ambient standards is determined for sulfur content and heating value. Based on Bureau of Mines coal reserve data, counties in areas with not enough quality reserves to support an FEC are eliminated. Areas most likely to provide sites for FECs of 5,000, 10,000, and 20,000 MWe, in two different spatial configurations, each with and without flue gas desulfurization are determined and mapped. The possible impacts of regulations for the prevention of significant deterioration are illustrated.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Smith, Albert E.; Wolsko, Thomas D. & Cirillo, Richard R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cost Estimate for the Commercial Manufacture of Lithium/Iron Sulfide Cells for Load-Leveling
An estimate was made of the cost of commercial manufacture of batteries for load-leveling in utility networks, based on the lithium-aluminum/iron sulfide system. The battery design chosen is the 0.92-kWh cell proposed for the BEST Facility. The manufacturing plant was sized to produce 5000 of such cells per day. These cells are assembled for sale in battery cases or sub-modules, 24 cells to a case. The plant investment is estimated to be $12,500,000. A selling price of $29.16 per kWh is projected; this price yields a 25 percent return on invested capital. An allowance for recycle lithium yields a net price of $27.33 per kWh.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Towle, W. L.; Graae, Johan E. A.; Chilenskas, A. A. & Ivins, R. O.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physics of Reactor Safety, Quarterly Report: October-December 1975
Quarterly progress report summarizing work done in Argonne National Laboratory's Applied Physics Division including: reactor safety research and technical coordination of the RSR safety analysis program by members of the Reactor Safety Appraisals Group, Monte Carlo analysis of safety-related critical assembly experiments by members of the Theoretical Fast Reactor Physics Group, and planning of DEMO safety-related critical experiments by members of the Zero Power Reactor (ZPR) Planning and Experiments Group.
Date:
197X
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory. Applied Physics Division.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SYNBURN : a Fast-Reactor Fuel-Cycle Program
The SYNBURN computer program for fast reactors will calculate all the neutronics necessary to completely characterize the equilibrium cycle as well as the startup to equilibrium cycles. The program's run time is very short and this makes the program suitable for survey of parametric studies. It can search on the cycle time for a specified burnup, for the shim control necessary for criticality as well as feed enrichments and the enrichment ratio among core zones. SYNBURN synthesizes in a very simple fashion the one-dimensional fluxes in radial and axial geometry to achieve an approximate two-dimensional solution which agrees very well with the exact two-dimensional solution when measuring regional integrated quantities.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Pizzica, P. A. & Meneley, D. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Pollution and the Siting of Fossil Fuel Power Plants
The decision to locate a fossil-fueled electrical power plant on a particular site involves trade-offs among the costs of: (1) land acquisition, (2) plant construction, operation, and maintenance, (3) power transmission, and (4) air pollution damage to humans, animals, plants and materials. The fourth of these, pollution costs, has been of great concern in recent years. But seldom, if ever, are the specific dollar trade-offs between the environmental and the other costs associated with site selection taken into account. The sum of the costs of power generation (land, construction, operation, maintenance), power transmission, and air pollution damages (from sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates) is the total social cost of a fossil-fuel plant; this total cost will generally vary by site. This paper presents an analysis of the total social cost, and the trade-offs between generation/transmission and air pollution costs, for various types of fossil plants at different sites in northern Illinois. The analysis identifies the combinations of site, fossil fuel, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) control technology that minimize total social costs.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Fishelson, Gideon; Rausser, Gordon C. & Cohen, Alan S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Light-Water-Reactor Safety Research Program, Quarterly Progress Report: October-December 1975
Quarterly report summarizing work by Argonne National Laboratory on water-reactor-safety heat-transfer and flow problems. "The following research and development areas are covered: (1) Loss-of-coolant Accident Research: Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics; (2) Transient Fuel Response and Fission-product Release Program; and (3) Mechanical Properties of Zircaloy Containing Oxygen" (p. x).
Date:
1976?
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Environmental Costs of Landfills and Incinerators
After an introductory statement describing the characteristics of landfills and incinerators, these two devices for municipal waste disposal are compared in terms of economic and environmental costs. Cost data for the Chicago area is used. It is concluded that landfills have lower investment, operating and environmental costs.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Hockman, Oded; Hwang, Eui-Gak & Rudzitis, Gundars
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Summary Report of Fuel-Dynamics Tests H2 and E4
Results of two failure experiments using LMFBR-type fuel during simulated unprotected transient overpower accidents are reported and analyzed. In both experiments, a single fresh fuel pin in a Mark0IIA loop was subjected to a temperature-limited, step-reactivity irradiation in the TREAT reactor. Total energy was 490 MJ in Test H2 and in Test E4.
Date:
February 1976
Creator:
Doerner, R. C.; Rothman, A. B.; De Volpi, A.; Dickerman, Charles Edward; Deitrich, L. W.; Stahl, D. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Noise Pollution from Expressways
This paper provides an economic analysis of three noise abatement strategies designed to interrupt the path of noise between highways and residential areas, and makes some abatement policy suggestions.
Date:
June 1976
Creator:
Vaughan, Roger J. & Huckins, Larry
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computer-Code Formulation for Three-Dimensional HEXCAN Response Coupled with Internal Hydrodynamics
A procedure is described for the dynamic analysis of a fast-reactor hexagonal subassembly. The internals of the fuel subassembly are treated by an axisymmetric hydrodynamic code REXCO-HT which, among other properties, possesses a model of an MFCI pressure source. The housing of the fuel subassembly is handled by the SADCAT code, which is based on a triangular finite element in three-dimensional space. The code is used to illustrate the discrepancies involved if the hexcan is modeled by a cylinder of the same thickness. A study is also made of the reduction of cylinder thickness such that the same final cylindrical deformation can be predicted. A discussion in arriving at such an equivalence is offered.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Marchertas, A. H. & Julke, R. T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analytical Investigation of Certain Aspects of LMFBR Subassembly-Failure Propagation
An analytical investigation of certain problems in the area of subassembly-to-subassembly failure propagation in LMFBR's is described. Existing analyses of the response of the adjacent subassembly duct to mechanical loads are reviewed and summarized, and major uncertainties are identified. Additional analyses of the response of the adjacent subassembly to certain thermal loads are presented in two parts. In the first part, the effect of an external heat flux on duct melting and thermal stresses is considered. The external heat fluxes required to produce duct melting or excessive thermal stresses are compared with the heat fluxes that might be expected from the molten fuel deposited on the duct wall. In the second part, a thermal-hydraulic study is performed to investigate the effect of the external heat flux on the coolant temperature distribution in the adjacent subassembly. Both normal subassembly geometry and distorted subassembly geometry are considered. A detailed model of the coolant region formed by the heated duct wall and the displaced fuel pins is also analyzed to determine whether there are severe temperature gradients.
Date:
February 1976
Creator:
Marr, William W.; Wang, P. Y.; Misra, B.; Padilla, A. & Crawford, R. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Simulation Test Approach to the Evaluation and Comparison of Unconstrained Nonlinear Optimization Algorithms
A simulation test technique was developed to evaluate and compare unconstrained nonlinear optimization computer algorithms. Descriptions of the test technique, test problems, computer algorithms tested, and test results are provided.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Hillstrom, Kenneth E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SYN3D: a Single-Channel, Spatial Flux Synthesis Code for Diffusion Theory Calculations
This report is a user's manual for SYN3D, a computer code which uses single-channel, spatial flux synthesis to calculate approximate solutions to two- and three-dimensional, finite-difference, multi-group neutron diffusion theory equations. SYN3D is designed to run in conjunction with any one of several one- and two-dimensional, finite-difference codes (required to generate the synthesis expansion functions) currently being used in the fast reactor community. The report describes the theory and equations, the use of the code, and the implementation on the IBM 370/195 and CDC 7600 of the version of SYN3D available through the Argonne Code Center.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Adams, C. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Materials Science Division Coal Technology Quarterly Report: October-December 1975
Quarterly report of the Argonne National Laboratory Materials Science Division regarding coal technology research and development.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Weeks, R. W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Urban Design and Public Exposure to Carbon Monoxide
In protecting the public from the risk of exposure to damaging levels of carbon monoxide, two approaches are possible; the pollutant's concentration may be lowered by traffic management measures or the public's rate of exposure may be reduced through urban design features. The present emphasis on traffic management stresses improving the flow and reducing the level of traffic, goals that are extremely costly to achieve in downtown areas. This paper examines ways to reduce risk of exposure by the physical design of new downtown residential developments. The concept is not a novel one, having been successfully implemented in industry to provide occupational health and safety.
Date:
1976
Creator:
Santini, Danilo J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study on Flow Instabilities in Two-Phase Mixtures
Various mechanisms that can induce flow instabilities in two-phase flow systems are reviewed and their relative importance discussed. In view of their practical importance, the density-wave instabilities have been analyzed in detail based on the one-dimensional two-phase flow formulation. The dynamic response of the system to the inlet flow perturbations has been derived from the model; thus the characteristic equation that predicts the onset of instabilities has been obtained. The effects of various system parameters, such as the heat flux, sub-cooling, pressure, inlet velocity, inlet orificing, and exit orificing on the stability boundary have been analyzed. In addition to numerical solutions, some simple stability criteria under particular conditions have been obtained. Both results have been compared with various experimental data, and a satisfactory agreement has been demonstrated.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Ishii, M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Explosive Interaction of Molten UO2 and Liquid Sodium
The interim report presented describes a continuation of the work reported in ANL-7890, Interaction of Sodium with Molten Uranium dioxide and Stainless Steel Using a Dropping Mode of Contact. In the current study, sodium was injected into a pool of molten uranium dioxide. The experiment consistently produced vapor explosions, both with the injection nozzle above and beneath the surface of the uranium dioxide. Although the efficiency of the conversion of thermal to mechanical energy was small (due in part to very conservative data analysis and an inefficient geometry), the results did demonstrate that there is no intrinsic reason why reactor materials cannot produce a vapor explosion.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Armstrong, D. R.; Goldfuss, G. T. & Gebner, R. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Possible Compression Loading of EBR-II Subassemblies Due to Irradiation-Induced Swelling and Changes in Reactor Environment
A condition of compression loading could possibly occur to a subassembly as a result of large length changes to irradiation-induced swelling and thermal expansion. The effects of axial compression loading on EBR-II experimental and driver-fuel subassemblies were evaluated. Compression tests that were performed on the slotted top fixture of a subassembly showed that a force of 2100 lb at 900 degrees F would close the slot enough so that the core-gripper blade would not fit into the slot. Such a slot closure would prevent the subassembly from being removed from the reactor with the core gripper.
Date:
August 1975
Creator:
Longua, K. J.; Flinn, J. E.; Koenig, J. F. & Walters, L. C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Xenon-Tagging in Production of EBR-II Mark II Driven-Fuel Elements
About 1200 Mark II driver-fuel elements were xenon-tagged to facilitate qualification for irradiation of Mark II fuel manufactured at ANL-West. Tagging equipment was designed and developed. In this equipment, the plenum in a fuel-element jacket was evacuated then filled with xenon to a predetermined pressure. The equipment design allows tagging and element fabrication to proceed normal rates for production of fuel elements. A Kr-85 tracer in the xenon-tag gas verified by gamma counting the adequate tagging of each element.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Wilkes, C. W.; Ryan, M. J.; Laug, M. T. & Fryer, R. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Investigation of Reactivity Anomalies in EBR-II
A data-collection and advisory team was formed to investigate observations of power reactivity decrement (PRD) and reactivity loss rate (RLR) obtained during EBR-II reactor run 74, because both the PRD and RLR were judged to be high during that run. This report describes the efforts to develop a realistic model explaining the reactivity observations for run 74 and presents recommendations for additional diagnostic information in the event of a recurrence of off-normal behavior of reactivity.
Date:
June 1976
Creator:
Walters, L. C.; Cutforth, D. C.; Forehand, H. M.; Hudman, G. D.; Larson, H. A.; MacFarlane, H. F. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U-Pu-Zr Metal Alloy: a Potential Fuel for LMFBR's
This report critically reviews the available information pertinent to the potential use of uranium-plutonium-zirconium alloy fuels clad with stainless steel in LMFBR's. The areas considered include breeding potential, burnup potential, thermal performance, fuel fabricability, fuel reprocessing, and safety considerations. Because information on uranium-plutonium-zirconium alloys is limited, wide use is made of experience with EBR-II metallic driver fuel to infer advantages and limitations of uranium-plutonium-zirconium fuels. It is concluded that sufficient potential exists for the applicability of uranium-plutonium-zirconium fuels to LMBFR's to warrant additional analytical and experimental studies.
Date:
November 1975
Creator:
Walter, C. M.; Golden, G. H. & Olson, N. J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Monitoring at Argonne National Laboratory, Annual Report: 1975
Annual report of the environmental monitoring program at Argonne National Laboratory, discussing activities and findings of the group.
Date:
March 1976
Creator:
Golchert, N. W.; Duffy, T. L. & Sedlet, J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library