A test methodology for measuring temperature, impedance, pH, and electrochemical potential distributions within a sludge-packed tube support plate crevice in a laboratory test is described. The method successfully showed that there were large concentration gradients between the tube and tube support plate sides of the crevice. The testing also showed that strong bases concentrated more effectively than strong acids, and that the crevice pH, when exposed to seawater-based solutions, increased with increasing superheat and decreasing bulk concentration. The large variations in the crevice chemistry observed under heat transfer were eliminated upon shutdown. These new test data suggest that it might be beneficial to evaluate the variation in the extent of stress corrosion cracking with tube support plate elevation found in some steam generators in light of local chemistry changes, as well as the variation in tubing temperature. Because of the large crevice chemistry gradients during boiling heat transfer and their subsequent homogenization upon test shutdown, the results suggest reassessing the use of hideout return measurements and tube deposit analyses in industry to infer the crevice chemistry under heat transfer conditions.

This study estimated energy, environmental and consumer economic impacts of U.S. Federal residential energy efficiency standards that became effective in the 1988-2006 period, and of energy efficiency standards for fluorescent lamp ballasts and distribution transformers. These standards have been the subject of in-depth analyses conducted as part of DOE's standards rulemaking process. This study drew on those analyses, but updated certain data and developed a common framework and assumptions for all of the products in order to estimate realized impacts and to update projected impacts. It also performed new analysis for the first (1990) fluorescent ballast standards, which had been introduced in the NAECA legislation without a rulemaking. We estimate that the considered standards will reduce residential/ commercial primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in 2030 by 4percent compared to the levels expected without any standards. The reduction for the residential sector is larger, at 8percent. The estimated cumulative energy savings from the standards amount to 39 quads by 2020, and 63 quads by 2030. The standards will also reduce emissions of carbon dioxide by considerable amounts.The estimated cumulative net present value of consumer benefit amounts to $241 billion by 2030, and grows to $269 billion by 2045. The …

This report discusses the Production Test 105-2-P (Supplement A) -- Activity of Pile Discharge Water. Previous studies of pile discharge water have shown that one of two processes is responsible for the large but variable amount of Mn{sup 56} activity present in the water. One process is the production of Mn{sup 56} by the reaction Mn{sup 55} on manganese impurity in the water. The amount of such impurity has been shown to be too small to produce the observed amount of Mn{sup 56} unless the mean irradiation time is increased by a large factor due to temporary sticking of manganese on the surfaces in the tubes. The other process is the production by the reaction Fe{sup 56} on iron in the film. The present production test was designed to determine which of these processes is responsible for the troublesome Mn{sup 56} activity and to what extent the activity is increased due to sticking of manganese or iron in the tubes. 4 figs.

A plasma simulation code is used to study the resonant interactions between streaming ions and Alfven waves. The medium which supports the Alfven waves is treated as a single, one-dimensional, ideal MHD fluid, while the ions are treated as kinetic particles. The code is used to study three ion distributions: a cold beam; a monoenergetic shell; and a drifting distribution with a power-law dependence on momentum. These distributions represent: the field-aligned beams upstream of the earth's bow shock; the diffuse ions upstream of the bow shock; and the cosmic ray distribution function near a supernova remnant shock. 92 refs., 31 figs., 12 tabs.

The laboratory development of an improved insulation material has led to the development of three types of low density silicone foam (Type IA, IB and II) and a composite foam (Type IA silicone foam/rigid polyurethane foam) that could be used in a flat plate solar collector. Type IA and IB foam are both crosslinked with SiOSi bond, the former being cured at room temperature using a platinum catalyst, whereas the latter being cured at 150/sup 0/C using a rhodium catalyst. Type II foam is a room temperature vulcanized foam, crosslinked with NCOS(CH/sub 2/)/sub 3/Si linkage. The density of Type IA and II foam has been reduced down to 2-3 lbs/ft/sup 3/ range whereas the lowest density of Type IB attained was 6 lbs/ft/sup 3/. Both IA and II low density silicone foam have a thermal insulation property comparable to those of commercially available insulation materials. TGA show that both Type IA and Type II foams gives only 1 to 2% weight loss at 200/sup 0/C. At higher temperature, however, Type IA foam shows less weight loss than Type II foam. A composite foam, where Type IA foam was used to protect a thermally less stable rigid polyurethane foam, was evaluated …

The Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) has been charactered by the Department of Enregy (DOE) - Office of Technology Development (OTD) to investigate vitrification technology for the treatment of Low Level Mixed Wastes (LLMW). In fiscal year 1995, LLW streams containing mercury and organics were targeted. This report will present the results of studies with mercury contaminated waste. In order to successfully apply vitrification technology to LLMW, the types and quantities of glass forming additives necessary for producing homogeneous glasses from the wastes had to be determined, and the treatment for the mercury portion had to also be determined. The selected additives had to ensure that a durable and leach resistant waste form was produced, while the mercury treatment had to ensure that hazardous amounts of mercury were not released into the environment.

A computer model is described for predicting ductile fracture initiation and propagation. The computer fracture model is calibrated by simple and notched round-bar tension tests and a precracked compact tension test. The model is used to predict fracture initiation and propagation in a Charpy specimen and compare the results with experiments. The calibrated model provides a correlation between Charpy V-notch (CVN) fracture energy and any measure of fracture toughness, such as J/sub Ic/. A second simpler empirical correlation was obtained using the energy to initiate fracture in the Charpy specimen rather than total energy CVN, and compared the results with the empirical correlation of Rolfe and Novak.

This report provides an overview of many of the key arms control and nonproliferation agreements and endeavors of the past 40 years, divided into three sections. The first describes arms control efforts between the United States and the states of the former Soviet Union. The second section describes multilateral nuclear nonproliferation efforts. The final section reviews treaties and agreements that address chemical, biological, and conventional weapons.

This report provides links to selected authoritative resources related to cybersecurity issues, including: legislation, hearings in the 112th Congress, data and statistics, and cybersecurity glossaries.

The storage ring quadrupoles, sextupoles, and correction magnets will be mounted on a common girder approximately 4.0 m long. The rigid girder, in turn, is mounted on three five-ton jacks, each of which is mounted on a pedestal that is grouted and bolted to the floor. For this preliminary analysis, we will assume that the girder has a weight per unit length of 100 lb/ft and a bending stiffness that is significantly greater than the vertical stiffness provided by the pedestal (jack-screw) supports. This allows us to approximate the magnet/support system as a rigid beam (girder) on spring supports (jack-screws) carrying distributed masses (magnets). These approximations permit us to study the rigid body translational and rotational (rocking) modes of the system. It should be noted that the preliminary design has two jack-screw supports at the left end and one at the right end. It should be noted that the magnet/support system studied is only a conceptual design. In actuality, there are five different magnet/support configurations comprising each of the 40 sectors of the storage ring. Also, it is expected that the details of the final design, in particular with respect to the positioning of the pedestal supports, will somewhat different. …

This report discusses research and engineering work on the purex and redox processes at the Hanford Engineering Works in May, 1959. (JL)

A series of tests have been conducted using the 2.2 ft{sup 2} Norton filter to solve the fouling problems observed with the ETF Norton system. The objective of these tests was to determine filter efficiency as a function of backpulse strength and feed velocity. Based on experimental results, it is recommend that the filters should be operated at the following conditions: (1) Backpulse Transmembrane Pressure/FeedTransmembrane Pressure (BP/FP) > 1.5, preferably 2 or 3. (2) Feed crossflow velocity = 6--8 f/s. It is expected that operation at these conditions should improve performance by 30--60%.

The objectives of the test described in this report are to evaluate the integrity of I & E MINT fuel elements canned by the ``C`` process to determine the conversion ratio of I & E geometry E-N ``striped loadings,`` and to provide a demonstration loading for a full reactor loading incorporating a ``striped`` center loading and a fringe ``blanket`` loading. This test will involve two portions a 26 tube block loading of I & E enriched uranium and MINT fuel elements arranged in a striped array, and a 10 tube fringe blanket loading of MINT fuel elements supported by the required enriched uranium fuel columns, and accompanied by controls. Either portion may be charged independently.

This document consists of information about the cooling systems of Hanford Production Reactors. It is the purpose of this letter, written May 8, 1961, to update recommendations of high-tank temperatures required to insure acceptable high-tank backup support. It does not appear practicable to relate the somewhat arbitrary standards of reference for backup support to process operating limits, i.e., reactor power levels, particularly as a mandatory requirement. For this reason, we have chosen at this time not to include these limits as a process standards` requirement. Considerable emphasis should be placed on insuring that the high-tank backup support be maintained in the maximum practical manner. Tables are attached showing high-tank temperature versus reactor power level relationships to satisfy the intent of our backup criteria and, through compliance, will insure that high-tank flow rates will be adequate during a reactor emergency following the loss of electrical power and steam.

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This report discusses the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that has a mandate to increase the competitiveness of U.S. companies.

No plant and animal species protected under the ESA, candidates for such protection, or species listed by the Washington state government were observed in the vicinity of the proposed sites. Piper's daisy may still occur in some of the burial grounds. This is a Washington State Sensitive plant species, and as such is a Level III resource under the Hanford Site Biological Resources Management Plan. Compensatory mitigation is appropriate for this species when adverse impacts cannot be avoided. The Ecological Compliance Assessment Project (ECAP) staff should consulted prior to the initiation of major work activities within areas where this species has been identified (218-E-12, 218-E-10). The stalked-pod and crouching milkvetch are relatively common throughout 200 West area, therefore even if the few individuals within the active burial grounds are disturbed, it is not likely that the overall local population will be adversely affected. The Watch List is the lowest level of listing for plant species of concern in the State of Washington. No adverse impacts to species or habitats of concern are expected to occur from routine maintenance within the active portions of the 218-W-4C, 218-W-4B, 218-W-3, 218-W-3A, and 218-W-5 burial grounds, as well as the portion of 218-E-12B currently …

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