This report presents an historical overview of the federal role in municipal solid waste management from 1965 to approximately 1995. Attention is focuses on the federal role in safeguarding public health, protecting the environment, and wisely using material and energy resources. It is hoped that this report will provide important background for future municipal solid waste research and development initiatives.

As the century advances from the 20th to the 21st, information systems (systems) dependent on date processing may fail. Date functions such as comparisons and calculations and use of coded numbers to direct program logic can cause a system to fail or produce erroneous results. Many systems used a two-digit date to minimize data storage, particularly older equipment and infrastructure items. Historically, systems used the values of ``00`` and ``99`` as indicators such as file headers, end of file markers, or control records. These systems will encounter problems as Fiscal Year 1999, January 1, 2000 and other dates occur. (See Appendix 3) The Project Hanford Management Contract (PHMC) work scope is supported by a multitude of information systems. Each system must be evaluated for Year 2000 compliance and the business risk identified for those found to be Year 2000 non-compliant. Because of the constraints on time, funding and resources to fix Year 2000 problems, the PHMC team approach focuses on those systems considered to be mission essential. Mission essential is defined as: any operational system, item of equipment, or component that processes date information requiring Year 2000 compliance whose failure results in (1) injury to personnel, (2) damage to property …

The Hanford Site Canister Storage Building (CSB Bldg. 212H) will be utilized to interim store Phase 1 HLW products. Project W-464, Immobilized High-Level Waste Interim Storage, will procure an onsite transportation system and retrofit the CSB to accommodate the Phase 1 HLW products. The Conceptual Design Report establishes the Project W-464 technical and cost basis.

There is no new activity or procedure associated with the updating of this reference document. The updating of this system design description maintains an agreed upon documentation program initiated within the test program and carried into operations at time of turnover to maintain configuration control as outlined by design authority practicing guidelines. Any changes made to controlled components in the field will be updated after the time of implementation to support the engineers and operators understand, maintain, train to and operate the system. There are no new credible failure modes associated with the updating of information in a support description document. The failure analysis of each change was reviewed at the time of implementation of the Systems Change Request for all the processes changed. This document simply provides a history of implementation and current system status. The incorporation of the two documents, Computer Systems Design Description (HNF-SD-WMCSDD-008) and the Input/Output Channel List (HNF-SD-WM-EL-001), as appendices allow for fewer errors in changes. Because the documents are all together, they will be approved as one document, not three separate entities which could be updated at different times, creating a situation which does not accurately depict field conditions.

The PHMC Year 2000 Project approach is designed to ensure consistent and comprehensive implementation and reporting across the site. The emphasis of the project is on mission essential systems, prioritized to systems whose failure results in (1) injury to personnel, (2) damage to property (public or private), or (3) cessation, or delays in the performance of mission essential activities. These systems will be reported to DOE HQ and have the highest priority for resources. The same approach will be used on the remaining mission essential systems and these will be reported to DOE-RL. Non-mission essential systems can be addressed as determined by the owner. The scope of the PHMC Year 2000 Project encompasses applications, equipment, infrastructure, and external and internal interfaces and services.

This report describes the fundamentals of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), which was enacted in 1952 and significantly amended since, most recently by the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996.

Married couples filing joint tax returns are liable individually and as a couple for all taxes due on the return with a limited exemption for innocent spouses. This report discusses joint and several liability, which has been the subject of much criticism and calls for reform or elimination.

Two groups of heavy-ion beam pulses are to be transported from an induction linear accelerator to a target in an inertial fusion power plant. A group of 20 prepulses arrives first, emerging at lower energy upstream from the linac exit; the second group, of forty main pulses, have full energy. For definiteness they use numerical values for these beams developed by Wayne Meier; both beams consist of singly charged ions with mass number 200, having prepulse and main pulse energies of 3 GeV and 4 Gev, respectively.

The PHMC Year 2000 status reporting process is designed to encompass the reporting requirements of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), DOE HQ, RL and the PHMC for mission essential Year 2000 projects. Status reporting is required for all Year 2000 projects. The Year 2000 project list will be maintained current as Year 2000 projects are modified, added or deleted. Reporting is required until a Year 2000 project has completed compliance assurance. Some projects will be identified as DOE HQ reportable. These are projects determined to be the most critical and due the attention of DOE HQ.

The executive overview is intended to provide an understanding of the primary drivers imposed on the PHMC team to achieve compliance with the Year 2000 problems, the process to achieve compliance and the major responsibilities. Revision 3 contains additions for infrastructure and equipment status reporting guidelines.

Sensor Research and Development Corporation (SRD) has been contracted to develop and deliver a prototype instrument capable of the in situ detection and measurement of low levels of gaseous mercury for use in thermal treatment process control applications and continuous emissions monitoring. The goal is to develop a fast, simple, inexpensive and reliable in situ sensor instrument for detecting and monitoring vaporized mercury that should be able to react to extremely low (< 200 ppb) levels of mercury vapor, should be site deployable and provide continuous data on either cumulative mercury exposure or instantaneous concentration. To date, a delivery system for gaseous mercury has been designed and constructed, sensor responses have been measured and analyzed for a wide range of sensing film thicknesses and operating temperatures, a microheater and temperature control circuitry and software have been designed and implemented, and a contract modification, which has received initial approval from DOE, to include measurement of total mercury (both in elemental and reacted forms) has been drafted.

Microstructure Engineering in Hot Strip Mills, Part 2 of 2; Constitutive Behavior Modeling of Steels Under Hot-Rolling Conditions

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This report provides a side-by-side comparison of the reported versions of H.R.2621 and S. 1269, 105th Congress bills that would provide the President with trade negotiating authority and accord certain resulting agreements and implementing bills expedited legislative consideration.

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This report summarizes legislation in Congress that President Clinton suggested concerning trade in Africa. Specifically, President Clinton called on Congress during his State of the Union address to pass the legislation.

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This report is a guide to the annual Foreign Operations appropriations bill, where Congress reviews the U.S. foreign aid budget and influences executive branch foreign policy making generally. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House and Senate Appropriations Subcommittees on Foreign Operations.

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