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Achieving Consensus in Environmental Programs
In this paper, we describe a new research effort on consensus tied to the Environmental Restoration Program (ERP) within the US Department of Energy's Office of Defense Waste and Transportation Management (DWTM). We define consensus and explain why consensus decisions are not merely desirable but necessary in furthering ERP activities. As examples of our planned applied research, we first discuss Nominal Group Technique as a representative consensus-generating tool, and we conclude by describing the consensus-related mission of the Waste Management Review Group, established at Virginia Tech to conduct independent, third-party review of DWTM/ERP plans and activities. 10 refs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Kurstedt, Jr., H. A.; Jones, R. M.; Walker, J. A. & Middleman, L. I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Beta Particle Measurement and Dosimetry Requirements at NRC-Licensed Facilities
Researchers from Pacific Northwest Laboratroy (PNL) have conducted beta radiation measurements under laboratory and field conditions to assess the degree of the measurement problem and offer suggestions for possible remedies. The primary measurement systems selected for use in this study were the silicon (Si) surface barrier spectrometer system and the multielement beta dosimeter. Three boiling water reactors (BWRs), two pressurized water reactors (PWRs), and one fuel fabrication facility were visited during the course of the study. Although beta fields from cobalt-60 were the most common type found at commercial reactor facilities, higher energy beta fields were found at locations associated with spent fuel handling, liquid radioactive waste, and BWR turbine components. Commercially-available dosimeters and survey instruments were used to measure the same laboratory and licensee facility beta fields characterized with PNL's active and passive spectrometers. A prototype spectrometer was also used in the laboratory measurements. The commercial instruments and dosimeters used in this study typically responded low to the beta fields measured, especially where maximum beta energies were less than approximately 500 keV.
Date:
August 1, 1984
Creator:
Rathbun, L. A.; Endres, G. W. R.; Fox, R. A.; Roberson, P. L. & Scherpelz, R. I.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Archaeological survey of the 200 East and 200 West Areas, Hanford Site, Washington
Responding to a heavy demand for cultural resource reviews of excavation sites, the Westinghouse Hanford Company contracted with Pacific Northwest Laboratory to conduct a comprehensive archaeological resource review for the 200 Areas of the Hanford Site, Washington. This was accomplished through literature and records review and an intensive pedestrian survey of all undisturbed portions of the 200 East Area and a stratified random sample of the 200 West Area. The survey, followed the Secretary of the Interior's guidelines for the identification of historic properties. The result of the survey is a model of cultural resource distributions that has been used to create cultural resource zones with differing degrees of sensitivity. 11 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
March 1, 1990
Creator:
Chatters, J. C. & Cadoret, N. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Breckinridge Project: Initial Effort
Report IV, Volume 5, provides descriptions, data, and drawings pertaining to Cryogenic Hydrogen Purification (Plant 8), Sour Water Treating (Plant 9), and the Sulfur Plant (Plant 10). Cryogenic Hydrogen Purification (Plant 8) purifies the purge gas stream from the Gas Plant (Plant 7, described in Report IV, Volume 4) to a 93% purity hydrogen product. Sour Water Treating (Plant 9) removes free ammonia and acid gases from sour water and separates them to recover a high quality anhydrous ammonia product. The Sulfur Plant (Plant 10) recovers, as a saleable liquid product, approximately 95% of the sulfur in feed streams from the Gas Plant (Plant 7, described in Report IV, Volume 4), Sour Water Treating (Plant 9), Gasification and Purification (Plant 12, described in Report IV, Volume 6), and Stack Gas Scrubbing (Plant 35, described in Report V, Volume 3). The following information is included for each of the three plants described in this volume: a description of the plant's process design, including the utility balance, catalysts and chemicals usage, and a process flow diagram; an equipment list, including item numbers and descriptions; data sheets and sketches for major plant components; and pertinent engineering drawings. An appendix contains: an overall site …
Date:
unknown
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Uranium Urinalysis and in Vivo Measurement Results From Eleven Participating Uranium Mills
Uranium urinalysis and in vivo examination results obtained from workers at eleven uranium mills between 1978 and 1980 were evaluated. The main purpose was to determine the degree of the mills' compliance with bioassay monitoring recommendations given in the draft NRC Regulatory Guide 8.22 (USNRC 1978). The effect of anticipated changes in the draft regulatory guidance, as expressed to PNL in May 1982, was also studied. Statistical analyses of the data showed that the bioassay results did not reliably meet the limited performance criteria given in the draft regulatory guide. Furthermore, quality control measurements of uranium in urine indicated that detection limits at ..cap alpha.. = ..beta.. = 0.05 ranged from 13 ..mu..g/l to 29 ..mu..g/l, whereas the draft regulatory guidance suggests 5 ..mu..g/l as the detection limit. Recommendations for monitoring frequencies given in the draft guide were not followed consistently from mill to mill. The results of these statistical analyses indicate a need to include performance criteria for accuracy, precision, and confidence in revisions of the draft Regulatory Guide 8.22. Revised guidance should also emphasize the need for each mill to continually test the laboratory performing urinalyses by submitting quality control samples (i.e., blank and spiked urine samples as …
Date:
May 1, 1984
Creator:
Spitz, H. B.; Simpson, J. C. & Aldridge, T. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Archaeological and Chemical Analysis of Tell El Yahudiyeh Ware
Typological and geographic analyses indicate that Tell el Yahudiyeh ware (found in Cyprus, Egypt, Nubia, and the Levant during the Middle Bronze period, c. 1750-1550 B.C.) were probably manufactured in two areas, the Nile Valley and the Levant. Activation analysis was carried out and correlated with the archaeological analyses. Results confirm the two "families" of the ware, one Egyptian and one Levantine. Speculations are offered on the social interaction of the period. 11 figures, 2 tables. (DLC)
Date:
January 1, 1978
Creator:
Kaplan, M. F.; Harbottle, G. & Sayre, E. V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Benchmark Script and Evaluation Criteria
The Department of Energy's Office of Energy Emergency Management Information System requires time-sharing and remote-job-entry services for their state Energy Emergency Management Information System (EEMIS-S). The Office is soliciting time-sharing services through use of GSA's Teleprocessing Service Program - Multiple Award Schedule Contracts (TSP-MASC) process. The functional mandatory and desirable requirements that candidate vendors should provide are described in the Functional Requirements Document (DOE/EIA/11581-T1). This document, DOE/EIA/11581-T2, describes the Benchmark Scenario and Vendor Evaluation Criteria. Section 1.0 describes the Benchmark, the Benchmark Evaluation, and the Workload Definition. The Vendor Evaluation Criteria and mandatory and desirable hardware and service checklists are described in Section 2.0. To provide compliance with these requirements, a benchmark test will be performed using the vendor';s system.
Date:
October 31, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of the Impact of Safeguards Criteria
As part of the US Program of Technical Assistance to IAEA Safeguards, the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) was asked to assist in developing and demonstrating a model for assessing the impact of setting criteria for the application of IAEA safeguards. This report presents the results of PNL's work on the task. The report is in three parts. The first explains the technical approach and methodology. The second contains an example application of the methodology. The third presents the conclusions of the study. PNL used the model and computer programs developed as part of Task C.5 (Estimation of Inspection Efforts) of the Program of Technical Assistance. The example application of the methodology involves low-enriched uranium conversion and fuel fabrication facilities. The effects of variations in seven parameters are considered: false alarm probability, goal probability of detection, detection goal quantity, the plant operator's measurement capability, the inspector's variables measurement capability, the inspector's attributes measurement capability, and annual plant throughput. Among the key results and conclusions of the analysis are the following: the variables with the greatest impact on the probability of detection are the inspector's measurement capability, the goal quantity, and the throughput; the variables with the greatest impact on inspection costs …
Date:
January 1, 1981
Creator:
Mullen, M. F. & Reardon, P. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Activities of the Department of Energy in Education. Annual Status Report, FY 1978
The Department of Energy's responsibilities in implementing President Carter's National Energy Plan include identifying the appropriate role of educational activities and institutions in that work. This study describes educational activities as they existed one year after the creation of the Department of Energy. Educational activities of educational institutions are included in the study, with the deliberate exception of the very substantial research activity conducted by universities. This report is intended to assist DOE program managers in the utilization of educational process in their operations and to provide guidance and information to the public about the Department's educational activities. For additional historical information, please consult DOE, IR-0008. (RWR)
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein Supergravity Theories: Their Compact and Non-Compact Gaugings and Jordan Algebras
In this talk we give a review of our work on the construction and classification of N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein Supergravity theories (MESGT), study of the underlying algebraical and geometrical structure of these theories, and their compact and non-compact gaugings. We begin by summarizing our construction of the N = 2 MESGT's in five dimensions and give a geometrical interpretation to various scalar dependent quantities in the Lagrangian, based on the constraiants implied by supersymmetry. This is followed by a complete classification of the N = 2 MESGT's whose target manifolds parametrized by the scalar fields are symmetric spaces. 39 refs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Guenaydin, M.; Sierra, G. & Townsend, P.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Mining-induced seismicity at the Lucky Friday Mine: Seismic events of magnitude >2.5, 1989--1994
An understanding of the types of seismic events that occur in a deep mine provides a foundation for assessing the seismic characteristics of these events and the degree to which initiation of these events can be anticipated or controlled. This study is a first step toward developing such an understanding of seismic events generated by mining in the Coeur d`Alene Mining District of northern Idaho. It is based on information developed in the course of a long-standing rock burst research effort undertaken by the U. S. Bureau of Mines in cooperation with Coeur d`Alene Mining District mines and regional universities. This information was collected for 39 seismic events with local magnitudes greater than 2.5 that occurred between 1989 and 1994. One of these events occurred, on average, every 8 weeks during the study period. Five major types of characteristic events were developed from the data; these five types describe all but two of the 39 events that were studied. The most common types of events occurred, on average, once every 30 weeks. The characteristic mechanisms, first-motion patterns, damage patterns, and relationships to mining and major geologic structures were defined for each type of event. These five types of events need …
Date:
September 1, 1996
Creator:
Whyatt, J. K.; Williams, T. J.; Blake, W.; Sprenke, K. & Wideman, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual design report - sludge receiving station project A.13
This document describes the conceptual design for the Sludge Receipt Subproject that meets the functional design criteria. Also included in this document are the cost estimate and schedule.
Date:
September 5, 1996
Creator:
Wellner, A. F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Frequency converter development for the National Ignition Facility
The design of the National Ignition Facility (NIF) incorporates a type I/type II third harmonic generator to convert the 1.053-{micro}m fundamental wavelength of the laser amplifier to a wavelength of 0.351 {micro}m for target irradiation. To understand and control the tolerances in the converter design, we have developed a comprehensive error budget that accounts for effects that are known to influence conversion efficiency, including variations in amplitude and phase of the incident laser pulse, temporal bandwidth of the incident laser pulse, crystal surface figure and bulk non-uniformities, angular alignment errors, Fresnel losses, polarization errors and crystal temperature variations. The error budget provides specifications for the detailed design of the NIF final optics assembly (FOA) and the fabrication of optical components. Validation is accomplished through both modeling and measurement, including full-scale Beamlet tests of a 37-cm aperture frequency converter in a NIF prototype final optics cell. The prototype cell incorporates full-perimeter clamping to support the crystals, and resides in a vacuum environment as per the NIF design.
Date:
October 30, 1998
Creator:
Auerbach, J. M.; Barker, C. E.; Burkhart, S. C.; Couture, S. A.; DeYoreo, J. J.; Hackel, L. A. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TRANSURANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT AT LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
None
Date:
September 1, 2000
Creator:
Balkey, J. J. & Wieneke, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fermi Large Area Telescope View of the Core of the Radio Galaxy Centaurus A
Abstract Not Provided
Date:
June 20, 2013
Creator:
Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.). Space Science Division.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multiple time scale perturbation for two frequency nonlinear Taylor instability
None
Date:
August 1, 1974
Creator:
White, G. N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cultivation of Fast-Growing Hardwoods
The intensive culture of hybrid poplar has received in-depth study as part of the Fast-Growing Hardwood Program. Research has concentrated on short-rotation intensive culture systems. Specific studies and operations included establishing and maintaining a nursery/cutting orchard, installing clone-site trials in central and southern New York State and initiating studies of no-till site preparation, nutrient utilization efficiency, wood quality and soil solution chemistry. The nursery/cutting orchard was used to provide material for various research plantings and as a genotype repository. Clone- site trials results showed that hybrid poplar growth potential was affected by clone type and was related to inherent soil-site conditions. No-till techniques were shown to be successful in establishing hybrid poplar in terms of survival and growth when compared to conventional clean tillage and/or no competition control, and can be considered for use on sites that are particularly prone to erosion. Nutrient use efficiency was significantly affected by clone type, and should be a consideration when selecting clones for operational planting if fertilization is to be effectively and efficiently used. Wood quality differed among clones with site condition and tree age inferred as important factors. Soil solution chemistry was minimally affected by intensive cultural practices with no measured adverse …
Date:
October 1, 1991
Creator:
White, E. H. & Abrahamson, L.P. (State Univ. of New York, Syracuse, NY (United States). Coll. of Environmental Science and Forestry)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF ACTINIDES AND129I AT LLNL BY ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
The application of ultra-sensitive heavy isotope measurements continues to expand in a variety of fields relevant to the management of nuclear materials, including nuclear isotope forensics and radiobioassay. We have developed a heavy isotope accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) system at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS). The system was designed particularly for the measurement of actinide concentrations and isotopic ratios, but also allows the measurement of other heavy isotopes such as {sup 129}I. The system includes a fast isotope switching capability that allows flexibility in isotope selection and for the quasi-continuous normalization to a reference isotope spike. Current background levels for {sup 239}Pu and {sup 240}Pu are equivalent to <10{sup 6} atoms and measurements of known materials indicate that our {sup 239}Pu and {sup 240}Pu measurements are accurate and precise for samples containing from {approx}10{sup 12} atoms down to the Bq level ({approx}10{sup 6} atoms). Recent exploitation of the fast isotope switching capability has allowed the quasi-simultaneous measurement of several Pu isotopes in individual samples. Our AMS measurement capability has been extended to U isotopes, with particular emphasis on {sup 236}U. Our current {sup 236}U background level is equivalent to {approx}10{sup 6} atoms and the …
Date:
January 13, 2005
Creator:
Brown, T. A.; Marchetti, A. A.; Weyhenmeyer, C. E.; Knezovich, J. P.; Hamilton, T. F. & Nimz, G. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Imaging Detectors for 20-100 ke V X-ray Backlighters in HEDES Petawatt Experiments
We are developing a petawatt laser for use as a high energy backlighter source in the 20{approx} 100 keV range. High energy x-ray backlighters will be essential for radiographing High-Energy- Density Experimental Science (HEDES) targets for NIF projects especially to probe implosions and high areal density planar samples. For these experiments we are employing two types of detectors: a columnar grown CsI scintillator coupled to a 2K x 2K CCD camera and a CdTe crystal with a special ASIC readout electronics in a 508 x 512 format array. We have characterized these sensors using radioactive sources. In addition, we utilized them to measure the Sm K{alpha} source size generated by the short pulse laser, JanUSP, at LLNL. This paper will present the results of our characterizations of these detectors.
Date:
April 16, 2004
Creator:
Wickersham, J. E.; Park, H.; Bell, P. M.; Koch, J. A.; Landen, O. L. & Moody, J. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library