process and fluidized bed reactor is reported. Work done on cleanup of mercury from the Metallex process is also described. (J.R.D.)

ABS>A study was performed to determine the corrosion product and water impurity activities in the CETR Chemical Process System. These activities were calculated as functions of the reactor operating time, primary loop blowdown purification rate, and decay time following removal from the primary loop. For the design blowdown purification rate chosen, isotopes that are important to the design of radiation shielding include Co/sup 60/ and Co/sup 58/ Fe/sup 55/, Cr/ sup 51/, and Mn/sup 56/. A simplified mathematical model is used to represent the physical situation; however, the magnitude of the activities, taken at the end of core life to represent the most conservative case, is considered sufficiently accurate for engineering calculations. (auth)

BS>The initial rate constants were obtained for zirconium and Zircaloy-2 dissolution at reflux temperatures in nltric--hydrofluoric acid mlxtures. Variation of the nitric acid concentration in these solutions had very little effect on the initial dissolution rate, except for the change in the reflux temperature. The nitric acid concentration exhibited an appreciable effect on the average dissolution rate over longer periods of time. An empirical treatment of the rates over extended periods is presented. The maximum attainable rates for zirconium dissolution, adjusted to an initial lM hydrofluoric acid concentration, were determined at lower temperatures. Stability of resultant Zircaloy-2 dissolver solutions is reported for both nitric--hydrofluoric acid mixtures and nitric--oxalic--hydrofluoric acid mixtures. Possible reactions and some analyses of off-gases from these dissolutions are given. (auth)

Absorption spectrophotometric methods were used in a study of complex ion formation and acid-base reactions in fused chloride and nitrate systems. Several methods for the treatment of spectrophotometric data were investigated. The spectra of various chromium salts were determined in three nitrate melts and in fused lithium chloride-pothssium chloride. In low solute concentrations in LiNO/sub 3/-KNO/sub 3/, NaNC/sub 3/-KNO/sub 3/, and LiCl-KCl melts, the species found was the chromate ion, while in molten AgNO/sub 3/, the species found was the dichromate ion. An explanation of these observations is put forward, and their significance discussed. Formation constants for leadchloro and lead-bromo complexes were evaluated. The values obtained for the first two lead-chloro and leadbromo complexes are 11.3, 3.6 and 13.3 and 6.0, respectively. Mass spectral studies of the gaseous products of the reaction between dichromate ion and nitrate ion in fused NaNO/sub 3/-KNO/sub 3/ showed that the reaction is of an acidbase type, involving formation of a nitronium ion which then reacts with nitrate ion to evolve dinitrogen pentoxide decomposition products. A number of qualitative experiments in fused salts involving acid-base reactions were performed, and their relation to oxidation-reduction processes in the fused salts is discussed. An analogy is drawn to …

The applicability of the gas centrifuge to the separation of the isotopes of the elements from Ti through U was examined. The suitable elsments were determined, and their effects on required centrifuge characteristics were surveyed. The performance of cascades of various aires with different gages was explored, and the cost of a pilot plant program to develop basic separation data was estimated. (F.S.)

Plutonium, thermally cycled through the low-temperature allotropic transformations, exhibited extensive physical damage. The physical damage was greater than that reported for any other metal or alloy. The extent of physical damage was determined by measurements of fluid displacement and the dimensional changes. The internal porosity was examined metallographically. Physical damage varied considerably, depending on the cycling conditions and the characteristics of the metal (particularly inclusions and casting imperfections). Observations showed that increasing the specimen size produced a greater decrease in density as a function of the number of cycles. The degree of void formation was directly proportional to volume change associated with the phase transformation. Other variables such as the length-diameter ratio (constant diameter) had little or no influence on the amount of physical damage. The dimensional growth was both radial and longitudinal. The tensile strength and the yield strength of tensile specimens cycled ten times between the gamnna and alpha phases were decreased to an average of 30,000 and 26,000 psi, respectively. (auth)

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Process flow diagrams, process-equipment descriptions, and a preliminary economic evaluation of the Fluorox Process are presented. (See also CF-55-5-176.). (C.W.H.)

Progress is reported in the following studies: carbohydrate metabolism in human erythrocytes; the development of a system of electron therapy employing a linear electron accelerator and an electromagnetic beann deflector; the capacity of progesterone to inhibit the sodium-retaining influence of aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone; use of tritium-labeled cholesterol in measuring the lability of cholesterol in human atherosclerotic plaques; the capacity of a number of steroid hormone metabelites to provoke fever in man; the failure of human placental tissue homogenates to convent progesterone to estrogens; and tracer studies on enzyme requirements for the incorporation of cytidine triphosphate into ribonucleic acid in a mammalian system. (L.H.)

Hydrostatic pressing was investigated as a method of fabricating long preforms made from uranium powder. A laboratory scale pressure vessel was constructed to evaluate the feasibility of this process. Various metal powders were loaded into flexible molds and subjected to pressure in an enclosed liquid. The high density of uranium caused the flexible molds to distort during filling and after pressing there was a tendency for the compact to adhere to the mold. Methods of minimizing these difficulties are suggested. Uranium powder, compacted in a plastic mold at 21 tsi had a density of 12.5 g/cc. During the course of the investigation, it was found that hydrostatic pressing of other metal powders presented advantages over conventional steel die methods, especially in the ability to press experimental shapes using economical equipment. Recommendations were made for further development work on both cold and hot hydrostatic pressing. (auth)

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A compilation is given of analytical procedures used in the laboratory- scale separation of radium from sulfateinsoluble residues from African pitchblende processing. Included in five alternate procedures are quantitative analyses for silica, lead, copper, molybdenum, barium, nickel, calcium, magnesium, radium, moisture, water-solubles, nitrate, silver, manganese, zinc, carbon dioxide, sulfate, and chromium. (auth)

The distribution of H/sub 2/ among feed materials and products in the thermite reaction producing dingot U was studied. The H/sub 2/ content of Mg, molten U, and molten and solid MgF/sub 2/ density oxide to 98 to 99% for the high specific surface, ow bulk density oxides. The observed values for properties of the U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ samples correlated better with conversion of U/ sub 3/O/sub to UF/sub 4/ than did the observed values for properties of the corresponding UO/sub 2/ intermediates. (auth)

The creep strength and tensile properties-were determined in vacuum for beta-quenched, derby uranium. The stresses to produce a secondary creep rate of- 0.0001 per cent per hr at 100, 250, 400, and 500 deg C were 48,000, sile strengths were 114,500, 35,100, 11,100, and 8,500 psi at temperatares of 28, 300, 500, and 700 deg C, respectively. The creep and tensile strengths decrease quite rapidly with increasing temperature in the temperatare range 250 to 400 deg C. (auth)

Experimental data regarding the biologic consequences of exposure to several environmental variations associated with actual and simulated explosive detonations were reviewed. Blast biology is discussed relative to primary, secondary, tentiary, and miscellaneous blast effects as those attributable, respectively, to variations in environmental pressure, trauma from blast-produced missiles (both penetrating and nonpenetrating), the consequences of physical displacement of biological targets by blast-produced winds, and hazards due to ground shock, dust, and thermal phenomena not caused by thermal radiation per se. Primary blast effects were considered, noting physical-biophysical factors contributing to the observed pathophysiology. A simple hydrostatic model was utilized diagrammatically in pointing out possible etiologic mechanisms. The gross biologic response to single. "fast"-rising overpressures were described as was the tolerance of mice, rats, guinea pigs. and rabbits to "long"-duration pressure pulses rising "rapidly" in single and double steps. Data regarding biological response to "slowly" rising over-pressures of "long" duration are discussed. Attention was called to the similarities under certain circumstances between thoracic trauma from nonpenetrating missiles and that noted from air blast. The association between air emboli, increase in lung weight (hemorrhage and edema), and mortality was discussed. Data relevant to the clinical symptoms and therapy of blast injury are presented. …

An automatic reader was developed for scanning 4 x 9in. filter papers from systems that monitor particulate airborne activity. Paper tape shows alpha and betagamma activities, together with counting times and identifying data, for any samples exceeding a predetermined value a special indicator mark is added. (auth)

The feasibility of using the KEWB reactor as a pulsed neutron radiation source for use in studies of fuel element transient heating was studied. UC fuel rod samples were heated in the reactor. It was found that flux distribution in fuel samples could be mapped and thermal conductivity measurements for UC could be made by using fast response thermocouples distributed radially in the sample. (J. R.D.)

On July 3, 1959, an incident occurred in the Hilac Building when the turning of the wrong valve resulted in pressurizing a helium cooling box, with a resultant blowout of a thin foil. The burst of He gas disintegrated experimental foils made up with 10/sup 11/ dpm of Cm/sup 244/. The resultant activity was quickly dispersed as airborne particulates throughout the building. The 27 people in the building were evacuated within 10 minutes under surveillance of the Health Chemistry personnel; wherever clothing proved to be contaminated it was removed, and in cases where nose swipes were pertinent they were taken. Although an assumption of a combination of the worst conditions could conceivably have resulted in 1 man's inhsling between 2 and 4 times the (alculated allowable inhalation for shont bursts,. evaluation from air analysis and medical tests indicate that it is unlikely that anyone actually did receive this amount. The bullding was closed during decontamination procedures, which required about 30 people for 3 weeks in direct decontamination work and 30 people for 3 weeks in indirect work. The cost of labor, material, and other charges related to the spill amounted to about 0,500 without overhead; equipment loss was held to …

The research and development program pertinent to the conceptual design and ultimate construction at ANL of an advanced research reactor with a peak thermal flux of 5 x 10/sup 15/ n/cm/sup 2//sec is documented. The basic reactor complex, the problems involved, the various approaches pursued, the present status and estimated cost of the project, along with recommendations for future research and development essential to the successful culmination of the project are described. The reactor is moderated with D,Oand has a core life of 120 hours at 250 Mw, (W.D.M.)

ABS>A method for determination of submicrogram quantities of Al in reactor cooling water by neutron activation analysis is described. Data obtained in analyses of samples from the OKR and the Bulk Shielding Reactor are included. (J.R.0.)

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Neutron multiplication measurements and theoretical calculations were made on cylindrical assemblies of graphite and plutonium disks. (auth)

In the exposure to a 7 0 0-MeV/c negative particle beam, 35 antiproton stars have been found. Of these antiprotons, 21 annihilate in flight and three give large-angle scatters ( {Theta} > 15 , T{sub P-} > 50 Mev), while 14 annihilate at rest. From the interactions in flight we obtain the total c r o s s section for antiproton interaction