Regional and National Estimates of the PotentialEnergy Use, Energy Cost, and CO{sub 2} Emissions Associated with Radon Mitigation by Sub-slab Depressurization (open access)

Regional and National Estimates of the PotentialEnergy Use, Energy Cost, and CO{sub 2} Emissions Associated with Radon Mitigation by Sub-slab Depressurization

Active sub-slab depressurization (SSD) systems are an effective means of reducing indoor radon concentrations in residential buildings. However, energy is required to operate the system fan and to heat or cool the resulting increased building ventilation. We present regional and national estimates of the energy requirements, operating expenses, and CO{sub 2} emissions associated with using SSD systems at saturation (i.e., in all U.S. homes with radon concentrations above the EPA remediation guideline and either basement or slab-on-grade construction). The primary source of uncertainty in these estimates is the impact of the SSD system on house ventilation rate. Overall, individual SSD system operating expenses are highest in the Northeast and Midwest at about $99 y{sup -1}, and lowest in the South and West at about $66 y{sup -1}. The fan consumes, on average, about 40% of the end-use energy used to operate the SSD system and accounts for about 60% of the annual expense. At saturation, regional impacts are largest in the Midwest because this area has a large number of mitigable houses and a relatively high heating load. We estimate that operating SSD systems in U.S. houses where it is both appropriate and possible (about 2.6 million houses), will annually …
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Riley, W. J.; Fisk, W. J. & Gadgil, A. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM, PARTICULATE MATTER AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING REPORT, JANUARY 1992 THROUGH DECEMBER 1995 (open access)

METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING PROGRAM, PARTICULATE MATTER AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING REPORT, JANUARY 1992 THROUGH DECEMBER 1995

None
Date: March 29, 1996
Creator: /a, n
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Passive magnetic bearings for vehicular electromechanical batteries (open access)

Passive magnetic bearings for vehicular electromechanical batteries

None
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Post, R. F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Passive magnetic bearings for vehicular electromechanical batteries (open access)

Passive magnetic bearings for vehicular electromechanical batteries

This report describes the design of a passive magnetic bearing system to be used in electromechanical batteries (flywheel energy storage modules) suitable for vehicular use. One or two such EMB modules might, for example, be employed in a hybrid-electric automobile, providing efficient means for power peaking, i.e., for handling acceleration and regenerative braking power demands at high power levels. The bearing design described herein will be based on a ''dual-mode'' operating regime.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Post, R
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
D0 Silicon Upgrade: Summary of Warm-Up After Draining for the D-Zero LAr Calorimeters (open access)

D0 Silicon Upgrade: Summary of Warm-Up After Draining for the D-Zero LAr Calorimeters

After a very successful physics run, the D-Zero detector Liquid Argon Calorimeters were drained in preparation of the detector rollout. During the roll out process, the calorimeters were without cooling. Information regarding the temperatures, estimated heat transfer, and pressure maintenance are documented in this engineering note.
Date: March 14, 1996
Creator: Rucinski, Russ
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transition Form Factor gamma gamma* -> pi(sup)0 and QCD sum rules (open access)

Transition Form Factor gamma gamma* -> pi(sup)0 and QCD sum rules

We extend the QCD sum rule analysis of the form factor F(sub)(gamma*gamma* -> pi^0)(q(sub)1^2, q(sub)2^2) into the region of small virtuality of one of the photons:
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Radyushkin, Anatoly & Ruskov, R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
GLASS FEASIBILITY STUDY: VITRIFICATION OF OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY GUNITE WASTE USING IRON PHOSPHATE GLASS (U) (open access)

GLASS FEASIBILITY STUDY: VITRIFICATION OF OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY GUNITE WASTE USING IRON PHOSPHATE GLASS (U)

This report describes the results of a glass feasibility study on vitrification of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Gunite waste into an Iron Phosphate glass. This glass feasibility study is part of a larger ORNL Gunite and Associated Tanks Treatability program (TTPSR1-6-WT-31). The treatability program explores different immobilization techniques of placing Gunite waste into a glass or grout form for long term storage. ORNL Gunite tanks contain waste that originated from years of various ORNL Research and Development programs. The available analyses of the Gunite Waste Tanks indicate, uranium and/or thorium as the dominant chemical constituent (50% +) and Cs{sup 137} the primary radionuclide. This information was utilized in determining a preliminary iron phosphate glass formulation. Chemical and physical properties: processing temperature, waste loading capability, chemical durability, density and redox were determined.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Fellinger, T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
THERMAL EVALUATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL 12 PWR UNCANISTERED FUEL (UCF) TUBE BASKET DESIGN DISPOSAL CONTAINER (open access)

THERMAL EVALUATION OF THE CONCEPTUAL 12 PWR UNCANISTERED FUEL (UCF) TUBE BASKET DESIGN DISPOSAL CONTAINER

This analysis is prepared by the Mined Geologic Disposal System (MGDS) Waste Package Development Department (WPDD) as specified in the Waste Package Implementation Plan (pp. 4-8, 4-11, 4-24, 5-1, and 5-13. Ref. 5.10) and Waste package Plan (pp. 3-15, 3-17, and 3-24, Ref. 5.9). The design data request addressed herein is: Characterize the conceptual 12 pressurized water reactor (PWR) uncanistered fuel (UCF) waste package (WP) to show that the design is feasible for use in the MGDS environment. The purpose of this analysis is to respond to a concern that the long-term disposal thermal issues for the UCF WP do not preclude UCF WP compatibility with the MGDS. The objective of this analysis is to provide thermal parameter information for the conceptual UCF WP design under nominal MGDS repository conditions. The results are intended to show that the design has a reasonable chance to meet the MGDS design requirements for normal MGDS operation and to provide the required guidance to determining the major design issues for future design efforts. Future design efforts will focus on UCF design changes as further design and operations information becomes available.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Wang, H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Microclimate Corrosion Effects in Coastal Environments (open access)

Microclimate Corrosion Effects in Coastal Environments

The Albany Research Center is conducting atmospheric corrosion research in coastal environments to improve the performance of materials in the Nation's infrastructure. The corrosion of bare metals, and of painted, thermal-sprayed, and galvanized steels are presented for one-year exposures at sites located on bridges and utility poles along the Oregon coast. The effects of microclimates (for example distance from the ocean, high wind zones, and salt-fog prone regions) are examined in conjunction with sample orientation and sheltered/unsheltered comparisons. An atmospheric corrosion model examines the growth and dissolution of corrosion product layers to arrive at a steady-state thickness and corrosion rate.
Date: March 24, 1996
Creator: Holcomb, G. R.; Covino, B. S., Jr.; Bullard, S. J. & Cramer, S. D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Engineering task plan TWRS technical baseline completion (open access)

Engineering task plan TWRS technical baseline completion

The Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) includes many activities required to remediate the radioactive waste stored in underground waste storage tanks. These activities include routine monitoring of the waste, facilities maintenance, upgrades to existing equipment, and installation of new equipment necessary to manage, retrieve, process, and dispose of the waste. In order to ensure that these multiple activities are integrated, cost effective, and necessary, a sound technical baseline is required from which all activities can be traced and measured. The process by which this technical baseline is developed will consist of the identification of functions, requirements, architecture, and test (FRAT) methodology. This process must be completed for TWRS to a level that provides the technical basis for all facility/system/component maintenance, upgrades, or new equipment installation.
Date: March 8, 1996
Creator: Moore, T. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Creep performance of candidate SiC and Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} materials for land-based, gas turbine engine components (open access)

Creep performance of candidate SiC and Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} materials for land-based, gas turbine engine components

Tensile creep-rupture of a commercial gas pressure sintered Si3N4 and a sintered SiC is examined at 1038, 1150, and 1350 C. These 2 ceramics are candidates for nozzles and combustor tiles that are to be retrofitted in land-based gas turbine engines, and there is interest in their high temperature performance over service times {ge} 10,000 h (14 months). For this long lifetime, a static tensile stress of 300 MPa at 1038/1150 C and 125 Mpa at 1350 C cannot be exceeded for Si3N4; for SiC, the corresponding numbers are 300 Mpa at 1038 C, 250 MPa at 1150 C, and 180 MPa at 1350 C. Creep-stress exponents for Si3N4 are 33, 17, and 8 for 1038, 1150, 1350 C; fatigue- stress exponents are equivalent to creep exponents, suggesting that the fatigue mechanism causing fracture is related to the creep mechanism. Little success was obtained in producing failure in SiC after several decades of time through exposure to appropriate tensile stress; if failure did not occur on loading, then the SiC specimens most often did not creep-rupture. Creep-stress exponents for the SiC were determined to be 57, 27, and 11 for 1038, 1150, and 1350 C. For SiC, the fatigue-stress exponents …
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Wereszczak, Andrew A. & Kirkland, Timothy P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Seismic evaluation of K basin bridge cranes (HOI-320 & HOI-418) and supporting structure (open access)

Seismic evaluation of K basin bridge cranes (HOI-320 & HOI-418) and supporting structure

The Safety Class 1 100-K fuel storage basins are vulnerable to impact damage if a bridge crane were to fall during a seismic event. The pupose of this report is to address the adequacy of the K Basin bridge cranes to resist a seismic-induced fall. The approach used to demonstrate adequacy against falling, was to evaluate the crane structural components relative to requirements specified in ASME NOG-1, Rules for Construction of Overhead and Gantry Cranes. Additionally, wheel lift-off and the adequacy of the crane supporting structure, are addressed. Seismic adequacy of the mechanical hoist equipment is not addressed in this report.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Winkel, B. V. & Kanjilal, S. K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Derivation of the Coupled Equations of Motion for a Circular Ring Rotating About an Axis in the Plane of the Ring (open access)

Derivation of the Coupled Equations of Motion for a Circular Ring Rotating About an Axis in the Plane of the Ring

The coupled equations of motion for a circular ring or circular ring segment are developed for the case where the ring is rotating about an axis in its plane and subjected to an angular velocity as well as an angular acceleration. Coupling results from bending in and out of the plane of the ring as well as from extension and torsion of the ring. These equations are then applied to special cases to determine the coupled equations of motion for a ring, beam and cable rotating at a constant angular speed. Coupled equations of motion for a non-rotating circular ring or circular ring segment are developed for the cases of extensional motion and inextensional motion. These equations are subsequently linearized and uncoupled for extensional and inextensional motion in the plane of the ring as well as for uncoupled motion out of the plane of the ring. The critical angular speed for lateral dynamic instability is determined for a rotating circular shaft which supports several rotating circular ring segments.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Benedetti, G. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
End point criteria for fuel supply shutdown facilities (open access)

End point criteria for fuel supply shutdown facilities

This document covers the End Point Criteria for Fuel Supply Shutdown Facilities that is to be attained for the transfer of these facilities to the EM-40 Program.
Date: March 29, 1996
Creator: Remaize, J. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ORFIN: An electric utility financial and production simulator (open access)

ORFIN: An electric utility financial and production simulator

With the coming changes in the electrical industry, there is a broad need to understand the impacts of restructuring on customers, existing utilities, and other stakeholders. Retail wheeling; performance-based regulation; unbundling of generation, transmission, and distribution; and the impact of stranded commitments are all key issues in the discussions of the future of the industry. To quantify these issues, financial and production cost models are required. The authors have created a smaller and faster finance and operations model call the Oak Ridge Financial Model (ORFIN) to help analyze the ramifications of the issues identified above. It combines detailed pricing and financial analysis with an economic dispatch model over a multi-year period. Several types of ratemaking are modeled, as well as the wholesale market and retail wheeling. Multiple plants and purchased power contracts are modeled for economic dispatch, and separate financial accounts are kept for each. Transmission, distribution, and other functions are also broken out. Regulatory assets such as deferred tax credits and demand-side management (DSM) programs are also included in the income statement and balance sheet. This report describes some of the key features of the model. Examples of the financial reports are shown, with a description of their formulation. …
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Hadley, Stanton W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Forces and Stored Energy in Thin Cosine (n0) Accelerator Magnets (open access)

Forces and Stored Energy in Thin Cosine (n0) Accelerator Magnets

We wish to compute Lorentz forces, equilibrium stress and stored energy in thin multipole magnets (Fig.1), that are proportional to cos(n{theta}) and whose strength varies purely as a Fourier sinusoidal series of the longitudinal coordinate z (say proportional to cos (2m-1){pi}z/L where L denotes the half-period and m = 1,2,3...). We shall demonstrate that in cases where the current is situated on such a surface of discontinuity at r = R (i.e. J = f({theta},z)), by computing the Lorentz force and solving the state of equilibrium on that surface, a closed form solution can be obtained for single function magnets as well as for any combination of interacting nested multi function magnets. The results that have been obtained, indicate that the total axial force on the end of a single multipole magnet n is independent (orthogonal) to any other multipole magnet i as long as n {ne} i. The same is true for the stored energy, the total energy of a nested set of multipole magnets is equal to the some of the energy of the individual magnets (of the same period length 2L). Finally we demonstrate our results on a nested set of magnets a dipole (n = 1) …
Date: March 18, 1996
Creator: Caspi, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Double-sided silicon micro strip detectors for SELEX (open access)

Double-sided silicon micro strip detectors for SELEX

None
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Durucan, Emrullah & U., /Heidelberg
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
SIXTRACK Postprocessing for TEAPOT Output (open access)

SIXTRACK Postprocessing for TEAPOT Output

None
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: W., Ficsher
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
DHLW Glass Waste Package Criticality Analysis (SCPB:N/A) (open access)

DHLW Glass Waste Package Criticality Analysis (SCPB:N/A)

This analysis is prepared by the Mined Geologic Disposal System (MGDS) Waste Package Development Department (WPDD) to determine the viability of the Defense High-Level Waste (DHLW) Glass waste package concept with respect to criticality regulatory requirements in compliance with the goals of the Waste Package Implementation Plan (Ref. 5.1) for conceptual design. These design calculations are performed in sufficient detail to provide a comprehensive comparison base with other design alternatives. The objective of this evaluation is to show to what extent the concept meets the regulatory requirements or indicate additional measures that are required for the intact waste package.
Date: March 29, 1996
Creator: Davis, J. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ESF SOUTH PORTAL BOX-CUT/HIGHWALL STABILITY ANALYSIS (SCPB:N/A) (open access)

ESF SOUTH PORTAL BOX-CUT/HIGHWALL STABILITY ANALYSIS (SCPB:N/A)

The main purpose and objective of this analysis is to design a Box-Cut at the ESF South Portal to accommodate the Tunnel Boring Machine's (TBM) exit at the conclusion of the ESF Main Loop construction. The stability of the Highwall and the sidewalls at the Box-Cut are assessed using analytical methods by numerical modeling techniques. A ground reinforcement system for the South Ramp Box-Cut slopes will be recommended. This report summarizes the results of the analyses and provides the details of the recommended ground reinforcement system for the Box-Cut slopes at the South Portal. The reinforcement design details are then incorporated into design output documents for implementation in the field. Method of excavation for the Box-Cut is also discussed and a recommendation is provided in this analysis.
Date: March 28, 1996
Creator: Bonabian, Saeed
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
SECOND WASTE PACKAGE PROBABILISTIC CRITICALITY ANALYSIS: GENERATION AND EVALUATION OF INTERNAL CRITICIALITY CONFIGURATIONS (open access)

SECOND WASTE PACKAGE PROBABILISTIC CRITICALITY ANALYSIS: GENERATION AND EVALUATION OF INTERNAL CRITICIALITY CONFIGURATIONS

This analysis is prepared by the Mined Geologic Disposal System (MGDS) Waste Package Development (WPD) department to provide an evaluation of the criticality potential within a waste package having sonic or all of its contents degraded by corrosion and removal of neutron absorbers. This analysis is also intended to provide an estimate of the consequences of any internal criticality, particularly in terms of any increase in radionuclide inventory. These consequence estimates will be used as part of the WPD input to the Total System Performance Assessment. The ultimate objective of this analysis is to augment the information gained from the Initial Waste Package Probabilistic Criticality Analyses (Ref. 5.8 and 5.9, hereafter referred to as IPA) to a degree which will support preliminary waste package design recommendations intended to reduce the risk of waste package criticality and the risk to total repository system performance posed by the consequences of any criticality. The IPA evaluated the criticality potential under the assumption that the waste package basket retained its structural integrity, so that the assemblies retained their initial separation, even when the neutron absorbers had been leached from the basket. This analysis is based on the more realistic condition that removal of the …
Date: March 27, 1996
Creator: P. Gottlieb, J.R. Massari, J.K. McCoy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ESF GROUND SUPPORT - PROPOSED JACKING BRACKET EVALUATION (open access)

ESF GROUND SUPPORT - PROPOSED JACKING BRACKET EVALUATION

This calculation applies to the Constructor's design of the proposed jacking bracket for the W6 x 20 steel set. The specific features of the jacking bracket evaluated in this analysis are the shear on the bracket bolts, and the effects of the applied moment on the W6 x 20 steel set beam segment.
Date: March 28, 1996
Creator: Stine, Marvin D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trim Magnets as a Fall-back for Kickers in the Sextant Test (open access)

Trim Magnets as a Fall-back for Kickers in the Sextant Test

None
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: MacKay, W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A modular approach to multi-robot control (open access)

A modular approach to multi-robot control

The ability to rapidly command multi-robot behavior is crucial for the acceptance and effective utilization of multiple robot control. To achieve this, a modular- multiple robot control solution is being, pursued using the SMART modular control architecture. This paper investigates the development of a new dual-arm kinematics module (DUAL-KLN) which allows multiple robots, previously controlled as separate stand-alone systems, to be controlled as a coordinated multi-robot system. The DUAL-KIN module maps velocity and force information from a center point of interest on a grasped object to the tool centers of each grasping robot. Three-port network equations are used and mapped into the scattering operator domain in a computationally efficient form. Application examples of the DUAL-KLN module in multi-robot coordinated control are given.
Date: March 1, 1996
Creator: Anderson, Robert J. & Lilly, Kathryn W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library