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High resolution positron Q-value measurements and nuclear structure studies far from the stability line. Progress report
Research progress in briefly described, and details are presented in the attached preprints and reprints: (1) precision mass differences in light rubidium and krypton isotopes utilizing beta endpoint measurements; (2) precision mass measurements utilizing beta endpoints; (3) Monte Carlo calculations predicting the response of intrinsic GE detectors to electrons and positrons; and (4) reactor antineutrino spectra and nuclear spectroscopy of isotopes far from beta stability. (WHK)
Date:
February 28, 1982
Creator:
Avignone, F. T. III
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LLL Geothermal Energy Development Program. Status Report, January 1974--January 1975. [Impulse Turbines, Total Flow Conversion Systems]
None
Date:
February 14, 1975
Creator:
Austin, A. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering research on positive displacement gas expanders. Phase I technical report
A research, design, and development program related to positive displacement gas expanders is reported. The objective of this program is to develop and demonstrate a more cost effective gas expander for use in those waste heat recovery systems which utilize an Organic Rankine Cycle. To provide a lower cost machine, the gas expander uses a positive displacement concept, rather than a turbine as currently used. Several positive displacement machine concepts were examined, and various performance measures have been developed for each of the concepts. The machine concepts were: single and multiple cylinder reciprocators, radial piston, roller piston, sliding vane, trochoidal, helical screw, and lobed rotor. For each of the concepts, designs were generated for machines operating with three different sets of operating conditions. These designs were then used to develop measures of efficiency and cost, and to examine other characteristics of the machines, such as development risk and ability to operate with different flow, pressure, and temperature levels. Based upon an evaluation of these characteristics, a specific concept was selected for further development. This concept is a double acting, single cylinder reciprocating machine with crossheads and ceramic liners.
Date:
February 1, 1984
Creator:
Lord, R. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of the potential of colloidal fuels in future energy usage. Final report. [97 references]
Pulverized coal has been an increasing important source of energy over the past century. Most large utility boilers, all modern coking plants, and many industrial boilers and blast furnaces employ pulverized coal as a major feed stream. In periods of oil shortages, such as during World Wars I and II, the concept of adding powdered coal to oil for use in combustion equipment originally designed for oil has been actively pursued but rarely used. Over this same period of time, there have been attempts to use air suspensions of coal dust in diesel engines in Germany, and in turbines in various countries. The economic advantages to be enjoyed by substitution of powdered coal in oil are not generally realized. Oil costs at $30/bbl represent a fuel value of about $5.00/10/sup 6/ Btu; coal at $25/ton is equivalent to approximately $1.00/10/sup 6/ Btu. Although capital costs for the use of coal are higher than those associated with the use of oil, coal is clearly becoming the least costly fuel. Not only are considerable cost advantages possible, but an improvement in balance of payments and an increase in reliability of fuel supplies are other potential benefits. It is therefore recommended that increased …
Date:
February 25, 1980
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Safety assessment for the S-1 Spheromak
The S-1 machine is part of the Magnetic Fusion Program. The goal of the Magnetic Fusion Program is to develop and demonstrate the practical application of fusion. S-1 is an experimental device which will provide an essential link in the research effort aiming at the realization of fusion power.
Date:
February 1, 1984
Creator:
Ellis, R., Jr. & Stencel, J. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uranium Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance in southwestern Montana
The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory conducted a Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance in southwestern Montana from early August to mid-October of 1976. A total of 1240 water and 1933 sediment samples were collected from 1994 locations at a nominal density of one location per 10 km/sup 2/. The water samples were collected from streams, wells, and springs; sediment samples were taken at streams and springs. All samples were analyzed at Los Alamos for total uranium by fluorometry or delayed-neutron counting. The uranium content of water samples ranges from below the detection limit (less than 0.3 ppB) to 45.30 ppB and has a mean value of 1.40 ppB. The uranium content of the sediment samples ranges between 0.20 and 206.80 ppM and averages 6.12 ppM. The chosen uranium anomaly threshold value was 7 ppB for surface waters (streams), 9 ppB for groundwaters (wells and springs), and 25 ppM for all sediment samples. The study area consists of the following lithologic groups: Precambrian basement complex, Precambrian Belt metasediments, Paleozoic and Mesozoic shelf sediments, Cretaceous and early Tertiary volcanic and plutonic rocks, Laramide orogenic clastic sediments, and middle to late Tertiary volcanic rocks and intermontane basin sediments. Most of the anomalous water and …
Date:
February 1, 1978
Creator:
Broxton, D. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Isotope applications in the environmental field
Established uses of enriched isotopes in the environmental field were surveyed to determine future trends in isotope needs. Based on established isotope uses, on the projected increase in the pollution problem, and on the apparent social and economic pressure for pollution abatement, a significant demand for enriched isotopes appears to be developing for the assessment and control of air, water, and soil pollutants. Isotopic techniques will be used in combination with conventional methods of detection and measurement, such as gas chromatography, x-ray fluorescence, and atomic absorption. Recent advances in economical isotope separation methods, instrumentation, and methodology promise to place isotopic technology within the reach of most research and industrial institutions. Increased application of isotope techniques appears most likely to occur in areas where data are needed to characterize the movement, behavior, and fate of pollutants in the environment.
Date:
February 17, 1978
Creator:
DeWitt, R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design of photovoltaic central power station concentrator array
A design for a photovoltaic central power station using tracking concentrators has been developed. The 100 MW plant is assumed to be located adjacent to the Saguaro Power Station of Arizona Public Service. The design assumes an advanced Martin Marietta two-axis tracking fresnel lens concentrator. The concentrators are arrayed in 5 MW subfields, each with its own power conditioning unit. The photovoltaic plant output is connected to the existing 115 kV switchyard. The site specific design allows detailed cost estimates for engineering, site preparation, and installation. Collector and power conditioning costs have been treated parametrically.
Date:
February 1, 1984
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
On-line chemical composition analyzer development
The energy consumed in distillation processes in the United States represents nearly three percent of the total national energy consumption. If effective control of distillation columns can be accomplished, it has been estimated that it would result in a reduction in the national energy consumption of 0.3%. Real-time control based on mixture composition could achieve these savings. However, the major distillation processes represent diverse applications and at present there does not exist a proven on-line chemical composition sensor technology which can be used to control these diverse processes in real-time. This report presents a summary of the findings of the second phase of a three phase effort undertaken to develop an on-line real-time measurement and control system utilizing Raman spectroscopy. A prototype instrument system has been constructed utilizing a Perkin Elmer 1700 Spectrometer, a diode pumped YAG laser, two three axis positioning systems, a process sample cell land a personal computer. This system has been successfully tested using industrially supplied process samples to establish its performance. Also, continued application development was undertaken during this Phase of the program using both the spontaneous Raman and Surface-enhanced Raman modes of operation. The study was performed for the US Department of Energy, Office …
Date:
February 1, 1992
Creator:
Roberts, M.J.; Garrison, A.A.; Muly, E.C. & Moore, C.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Simple measurement of line density
Energy line density, E/sub l/ = ..integral..(F/2)nk(T/sub e/ + T/sub i/)dA, has proved to be one of the easiest (and most critical) measurements made on the Scylla IV-P, 5-m linear theta pinch. A quantitative evaluation of end-stoppering techniques is made available by extracting the line energy containment time, tau/sub E/sub l//, from the time history of E/sub l/. To model E/sub l/(t) properly and, hence, determine the details of energy loss mechanisms (streaming and thermal conduction) requires separate measurements of n and T. A simple measurement of line density, n/sub l/ = ..integral..ndA, is proposed, in which a single laser beam is passed repeatedly through the plasma column along different chords. A discussion is presented of the measurement accuracy as a function of the number of passes.
Date:
February 1, 1978
Creator:
Armstrong, W.T. & Siemon, R.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Theoretical Study of Destructive Nuclear Bursts in Fast Power Reactors
The calculation of destructive nuclear bursts in fast reactors by an improved Bethe-Tait method, which, for purposes of calculation, neglects propagation of the pressure wave is described. TMen exact numerical calculations for hydrodynamic and neutronic conditions during the power burst are performed in order to assess the importance of this neglect. (auth)
Date:
February 1, 1962
Creator:
Jankus, V. Z.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Insertion device and beam line plans for the Advanced Photon Source: A report and recommendations by the Insertion Device and Beam Line Planning Committee
In the 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source (APS) Conceptual Design Report (CDR), fifteen complete experimental beam lines were specified in order to establish a representative technical and cost base for the components involved. In order to optimize the composition of the insertion devices and the beam line, these funds are considered a ''Trust Fund.'' The present report evaluates the optimization for the distribution of these funds so that the short- and long-term research programs will be most productive, making the facility more attractive from the user's point of view. It is recommended that part of the ''Trust Fund'' be used for the construction of the insertion devices, the front-end components, and the first-optics, minimizing the cost to potential users of completing a beam line. In addition, the possibility of cost savings resulting from replication and standardization of high multiplicity components (such as IDs, front ends, and first-optics instrumentation) is addressed. 2 refs., 5 tabs.
Date:
February 1, 1988
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HC quench layer formation in combustion processes. Technical progress report, September-December 1979
The project is aimed at understanding wall quenching and other processes responsible for surface generated hydrocarbons in combustion under engine-like conditions. The study concerns the effects of turbulence on the evolution of hydrocarbons. At the conclusion of the program, significant new experimental information will have been generated and an analytical model of the fluid mechanics and some aspects of the chemistry of quenching will be formulated. The work is divided into three tasks: (1) combustion bomb experiments to measure the effect of turbulence on the chemical species near the cold surface; combustion bomb experiments, using a similar turbulence generating device, to fully characterize the flow and turbulence in the vicinity of the quenching surface, and an analytical study to characterize fluid mechanical scales of interest in the boundary layer and to find an analytical solution to describe the evolution of the layer. The major accomplishments to date are (i) demonstration of the feasibility of single shot sampling valve operation and gas analysis in the Ford bomb under laminar combustion conditions, (ii) formulation of design rationale for turbulence generation scheme and bomb geometry, and (iii) formulation of an approach to modeling turbulent boundary layer conditions.
Date:
February 1, 1980
Creator:
Lavoie, G. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NIGHTMARE-AN IBM 7090 CODE FOR THE CALCULATION OF GAMMA HEATING IN CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY
The NIGHTMARE program calculates the gamma-dose rate at any point in or near a reactor by means of the NDA buildup-factor method. The source distributton is obtained from a two-group, two-dimensional diffusion code (EQUIPOISE-2). Seven gamma-energy groups are used. As many as nine different concentric cylindrical regions may be considered, but only radial variation of attenuation and buildup properties is permdtted. Two schemes of estimating buildup factors through a succession of materials are built into the code, and results may be obtained by using either or both methods. An IBM 7090 computer wtth seven tape untts is required. Computations are performed at the approximate rate of l0,000/n mesh points per minute, where n is the number of axial, radial, and angular increments. The program is run under the control of the IBM 7090 MONITOR system. (auth)
Date:
February 26, 1962
Creator:
Tobias, M.L.; Vondy, D.R. & Lietzke, M.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Validated heat-transfer and pressure-drop prediction methods based on the discrete element method: Phase 1, Three-dimensiional roughness
A computer program based on the discrete element method has been developed and validated to compute friction factors and Nusselt numbers for fully developed turbulent flow and heat transfer in pipes with three-dimensional roughness elements. Computational results are compared with appropriate cases from heat transfer experiments in the literature. The predictions were in general in very good agreement with the experimental data.
Date:
February 1, 1992
Creator:
Taylor, R.P. & Hodge, B.K. (Mississippi State Univ., MS (United States). Dept. of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Geothermal R and D Project Report for Period October 1, 1974 to December 31, 1974
None
Date:
February 1, 1975
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Waste acid detoxification and reclamation: Phase 1, Project planning and concept development
The objectives of this project are to develop processes for reducing the volume, quantity, and toxicity of metal-bearing waste acids. The primary incentives for implemeting these types of waste minimization processes are regulatory and economic in that they meet requirements in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and reduce the cost for treatment, storage, and disposal. Two precipitation processes and a distillation process are being developed to minimize waste from fuel fabrication operations, which comprise a series of metal-finishing operations. Waste process acids, such as HF/--/HNO/sub 3/ etch solutions contianing Zr as a major metal impurity and HNO/sub 3/ strip solutions containing Cu as a major metal impurity, are detoxified and reclaimed by concurrently precipitating heavy metals and regenerating acid for recycle. Acid from a third waste acid stream generated from chemical milling operations will be reclaimed using distillation. This stream comprises HNO/sub 3/ and H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ which contains U as the major metal impurity. Distillation allows NO/sub 3//sup /minus// to be displaced by SO/sub 4//sup /minus/2/ in metal salts; free HNO/sub 3/ is then vaporized from the U-bearing sulfate stream. Uranium can be recovered from the sulfate stream in downstream precipitation step. These waste minimization processes were developed …
Date:
February 1, 1988
Creator:
Stewart, T. L. & Brouns, T. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fluidized-Bed Waste-Heat Recovery System development. Semiannual report, 1 August 1981-31 January 1982
The Fluidized-Bed Waste-Heat Recovery (FBWHR) System is designed to preheat this combustion air using the heat available in dirty flue gas streams. In this system, a recirculating medium is heated by the flue gas in a fluidized bed. The hot medium is then removed from the bed and placed in a second fluidized bed where it is fluidized by the combustion air. Through this process, the combustion air is heated. The cooled medium is then returned to the first bed. Initial development of this concept is for the aluminum smelting industry.
Date:
February 1, 1982
Creator:
Cole, W. E.; DeSaro, R. & Joshi, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The hole of a blanket tritium system on the fusion fuel cycle
The requirements of tritium technology are centered in three main areas, i.e., (1) fuel processing, (2) breeder tritium extraction, and (3) tritium containment. The gaseous tritium stream from the breeder tritium extraction system is significantly different from the plasma exhaust stream and, therefore, may have important impact on the operation of the fuel processing system. For some blankets, such as aqueous solution blanket, the blanket tritium stream may dominate the fuel processing system in terms of component size and power consumption. The importance of the blanket interface to a fuel processing experiment, such as TSTA, has been identified. The initial work to define the blanket processing system, which is proposed to be added as part of TSTA, will be discussed here.
Date:
February 1988
Creator:
Sze, D.K.; Finn, P.; Clemmer, R.; Anderson, J.; Bartlit, J.; Naruse, Y. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial evaluation of photographic data of F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops
Photographic data for the Savannah River Plant (SRP) were reviewed for 1961 through 1987 to determine the value of this photography in estimating the timing and extent of the F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops along the upper Four Mile Creek floodplain. In excess of 15,000 frames of photography of the SRP were reviewed. The quality of the photography varied widely and included panchromatic (black and white), natural color, and false color infrared. Altitudes of the photography ranged from 2,000 feet above ground level (AGL) to 40,000 feet AGL. For each year the best photography at the lowest altitude was evaluated to determine the presence of vegetation damage downslope of the F- and H-Area seepage basins. Criteria of no visible evidence of vegetation (forest canopy) damage, initial evidence of vegetation or canopy damage, canopy thinning, tree mortality, and expansion of vegtation damage and/or tree mortality zones were applied to each of the photographs. In this initial evaluation, only the largest of the outcrops below the seepage basins were evaluated. (3 tabs.)
Date:
February 8, 1988
Creator:
Mackey, H. E., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measured energy savings and economics of retrofitting existing single- family homes: An update of the BECA-B database
These appendices are the companion volume to report number LBL--28147 Vol.1, with the same title. The summary data tables include physical characteristics, energy consumption, savings, and the retrofit measures installed and their costs for each retrofit project. Each existing single family residential building'' retrofit project in the BECA-B database is described. 99 refs. (BM)
Date:
February 1, 1991
Creator:
Cohen, S.D.; Goldman, C.A. & Harris, J.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of Nuclear Resonant Absorption of Gamma Rays. Quarterly Report No. 4 Covering Period June 1, 1961 to August 31, 1961
The effect of polarizing mngnetic field intensity on the nuclear resonant absorption was studied by varying the field strength at a 1-mc Co/sup 57/ source from 0 to 1000 gauss while keeping the absorber between the poles of a magnet having a fixed field of 800 gauss. The rates of resonance absorption change with field intensity were greatest in the region of 300 to 1000 gauss, and the% nuclear resonant absorption for 1000-gauss fields was 8.5 and 26% for perpendicular and parallel fields, respectively, as compared with 15% for no fields. Other absorption measurements for Co/sup 57/ sources are also reported. Calculations on the use of nuclear resonant absorption to measure gravitational fields and altitudes were made which indicates that this application is not promising. (D.L.C.)
Date:
February 23, 1962
Creator:
Ezop, J. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Preconcentration of plutonium radionuclides from natural waters. [Pu in Eniwetok ground water, lagoon and open ocean waters]
A large volume water sampler using manganese dioxide impregnated cartridges for the in situ separation of plutonium in sea water and ground water was studied. Plutonium concentrations obtained by this technique are compared with a radiochemical coprecipitation method. Consistent results were obtained between the two methods for water samples from the Pacific Ocean and Enewetak lagoon. Different results were noted from samples collected in the Enewetak reef and ground water stations. Using this preconcentration technique and the coprecipitation method it was shown that the physical-chemical characteristics of Pu in Enewetak reef and ground water are different from the lagoon and open ocean.
Date:
February 1, 1978
Creator:
Wong, K. M.; Nioshkin, V. E. & Jokela, T. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Study of aluminum corrosion in aluminum solar heat collectors using aqueous glycol solution for heat transfer. Semiannual technical progress report, July 30, 1979-January 31, 1980
The present work is addressed primarily to the study of the effects of glycol aging at elevated temperatures (above 100/sup 0/C). Glycols are known to be susceptible to thermal decomposition producing new product species which may be aggressive to aluminum. In addition, the possible breakdown of corrosion inhibitors due to long term exposure to high temperature are also investigated. Both uninhibited and inhibited ethylene (as well as propylene) glycols have been aged at temperatures up to 190/sup 0/C for over 2000 h continuously to date. Aliquot samples of each glycol solution tested in this program were taken at 1000 and 2000 h of exposure for chemical analysis and pH measurement. Based on the data obtained so far, solution pH was found to decrease steadily with exposure time. The critical pitting potential of 1100 series aluminum in a 50 vol % aqueous ethylene glycol solution is reported as functions of both temperature and chloride ion concentration. This information is essential in the cathodic protection of pitting corrosion of aluminum.
Date:
February 1, 1980
Creator:
Wong, D.; Cocks, F.H. & Giner, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library