Oral History Interview with Walter Gallagher, July 21, 2022 captions transcript

Oral History Interview with Walter Gallagher, July 21, 2022

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Walter Gallagher. Gallagher joined the Navy after quitting high school and trained in aviation ordnance. In May, 1944 he was assigned to USS Franklin (CV-13) where he would arm dive bombers. Gallagher describes an injury he sustained while loading bombs as well as various enemy attacks on the Franklin, including a kamikaze. He was aboard when the Japanese bombed the Franklin in March, 1945. Gallagher recalls the attack and was ordered to transfer to USS Santa Fe (CL-60). From there, Gallagher spent six months at Hawaii before going back to the US.
Date: July 21, 2022
Creator: Gallagher, Walter
Object Type: Video
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Dwight Pendleberry, June 21, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Dwight Pendleberry, June 21, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Dwight Pendleberry. Pendleberry joined the Army with his brother prior to the outbreak of war with Japan. After training as an ordnance man in the artillery, Pendleberry's company was sent to the Philippines in September, 1941. Pendleberry describes the Japanese attack on the Philippines and the subsequent fall of Bataan. He escaped to Corregidor with a few other people only to be captured there one month later. After being taken to Manila, Pendleberry was sent to Cabanatuan. By that time, he had contracted malaria. From there, he was selected to be on a work detail loading and unloading Japanese ships in Manila. Pendleberry also describes executions, genral mistreatment and outright torture at the hands of the Japanese captors. Eventually, Pendleberry and many other POWs were shipped aboard the Noto Maru to Taiwan, then Japan. Pendleberry wound up at Omori prison camp in Tokyo Bay. He describes the low-level fire bombing mission over Tokyo, which took place one night in March, 1945. After that, Pendleberry was moved to northern Japan to work at a coal mine. After the war, Pendleberry was liberated and repatriated back to the US through …
Date: June 21, 2000
Creator: Pendleberry, Dwight
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with W. G. (Bill) Campbell, April 21, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with W. G. (Bill) Campbell, April 21, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with W. G. (Bill) Campbell. Campbell grew up in Texas, attended Texas A&M, and married in 1939 before joining the Army in 1943. After training, he went to Australia, Dutch New Guinea, Palu, Leyte, and Mindanao. He describes riding in amphibious vehicles and interacting with the natives. He discusses various illnesses he had during the war and his interactions with his brother, an engineer. He also describes surveying work in some detail. After the war, Campbell eventually became a public school teacher.
Date: April 21, 2000
Creator: Campbell, W. G. (Bill)
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Ethel Blaine, April 24, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Ethel Blaine, April 24, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ethel ""Sally"" Blaine Millett. Millett grew up in Missouri and went to nurses training in San Diego, California. She volunteered for the Philippines in 1941. She witnessed the bombing at Clark Field. She took care of the soldiers wounded by Japanese strafing. When the bombing got too bad, the nurses left Statsenberg for Manila. Because of continued Japanese bombing all over the Philippines, the nurses had to keep moving as the hospitals moved. She describes having malaria and then having to evacuate from Bataan to Corregidor. Then they went to Mindanao where they were formally captured by the Japanese. They were moved to Davao and then to Santo Tomas. She describes losing her possessions. She describes life in the internment camp: the food, the work required, the sanitary conditions, the self-government, the birthrate, and the entertainment. Millett has to have an operation while at Santo Tomas. She also describes executions. Finally, the American soldiers arrived, and she took a plane home in February 1945. Her brother met her in San Francisco.
Date: April 24, 2000
Creator: Millett, Ethel Blaine
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cornelius D. Wiens, November 26, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Cornelius D. Wiens, November 26, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Cornelius D. Wiens. Wiens grew up in Montana and Kansas and was drafted into the Army in 1944. After completing training, he departed about the Sea Snipe for the Philippines. His first landing was at Leyte, where he remained fighting for three months. He describes coming to land on the small landing craft. From Leyte he went to Negros, then Masbate, and finally Mindanao. He describes the Japanese soldiers who were unwilling to surrender. After Japan's surrender he also spent time in Korea as a radio operator.
Date: November 26, 2000
Creator: Wiens, Cornelius D.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Arwin Bowden, September 9, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Arwin Bowden, September 9, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Arwin Bowden. He begins by discussing his training in San Diego and New Zealand before the Battle of Tarawa. He describes being wounded in the battle, the casualties he saw and being shipped back to Pearl Harbor for treatment, then joining the battle of Saipan. He ancedotes about Japanese killing themselves rather than surrendering, eating food from a garden watered from rainwater running down from outhouses, the wages he made and the time he had leave.
Date: September 9, 2000
Creator: Bowden, Arwin
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Francis R. Ferry, September 30, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Francis R. Ferry, September 30, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Francis R. Ferry. Ferry grew up in Nebraska and taught for a year before joining the Navy in 1942. He had enrolled in the Civilian Pilot Training Program prior to enlisting. He trained on the N3N, the SNJ, the OS2U, the BT, the SBC3 and other types of aircraft. He was assigned to be a dive-bomber, flying the SB2C Helldiver. Ferry was initially assigned to VB-14 and left aboard the USS Wasp to the coast of Venezuela where he continued training. He was reassigned to VB-82 and left on the USS Bennington (CV-20) for Pearl Harbor. The ship joined Task Force 58.1 for Japan. He flew his first combat mission over Tokyo. He was involved with burning the beaches on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. He then was involved in the attack on the Japanese ship Yamato. His air group was the lead group in on the first strike, and Ferry himself dropped rockets and bombs that may have been hits. His wife Genevieve Ferry briefly discusses what her experiences were on the homefront.
Date: September 30, 2000
Creator: Ferry, Francis R.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Orland J. ""Bud"" Harris, August 22, 2000 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Orland J. ""Bud"" Harris, August 22, 2000

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Orland Harris. Harris went to Santa Anna, California for Aviation Cadet training in the Army Air Corps in 1942. He went to primary flying school in Visalia, California and then went to LaeMoore, California for more training. From there he went to replacement training units, flying the P-38, P-322 and P-39. Harris had take civilian pilot training for one year at college before he went into the service. He received his wings at Williams Field in Arizona 3 Nov 1943 and became an officer that day. He went to the South Pacific in a C-54, along wih about 30 other pilots, ending up in Nadzab, New Guinea with the 8th Fighter Group (part of the 5th Air Force). His P-38 missions included targets of opportunity around New Guinea, a cave on Corregidor and straffed ships on the way to Borneo, and the Philippines. Normally they flew cover missions for B-17s and B-24s but on occasion covered B-25s and A-20s. Harris was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) when he was flying out of Mindoro in the Philippines on a night mission (26 Dec 1944) attacking a Japanese task …
Date: August 22, 2000
Creator: Harris, Orland J.
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Nora Janssen to Cecelia McKie - May 24, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Nora Janssen to Cecelia McKie - May 24, 1943]

Handwritten letter from Nora Janssen to Cecelia McKie thanking her for sending Janssen's sister's message from Manila. She tells McKie that the family had not heard from her sister since December 7, 1941 and that her sister had been teaching Manila for many years. Included with the letter is an envelope addressed to Mrs. Cecelia McKie, Sacramento, California from Nora Janssen, Janssen Hardware, Gothenburg, Nebraska.
Date: May 24, 1943
Creator: Janssen, Nora
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from A. B. Ball to Cecelia McKie - May 19, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from A. B. Ball to Cecelia McKie - May 19, 1943]

Letter sent from A. B. Ball to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from Henry F. Ball and stating they had received other messages from him, many not complete, but they had been able to piece the messages together. Envelope sent from A. B. Ball, West Haven (Connecticut). Front of envelope has been removed by creator.
Date: May 19, 1943
Creator: Ball, A. B.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Viola Shenson to Cecelia McKie - May 4, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Viola Shenson to Cecelia McKie - May 4, 1943]

Letter sent from (Mrs. Jesse) Viola Shenson to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from her brother and stating the family had not heard from him since Pearl Harbor. Envelope addressed to Mrs. W. L. McKie, Sacramento, California from Mrs. Jesse Shenson, San Francisco, California.
Date: May 4, 1943
Creator: Shenson, Viola
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Mary Christenson to Cecelia McKie - May 30, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Mary Christenson to Cecelia McKie - May 30, 1943]

Letter from Mary Christenson to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from her husband and stating it had been over a year since she had heard from him. Envelope addressed to Mrs. W. L. McKie, Sacramento, California. Envelope postmarked Bremerton, Washington. Handwritten in upper center: 'Christenson'. Reverse side of envelope has been removed by creator.
Date: May 30, 1943
Creator: Christenson, Mary
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Barnett Cohen and E. Bender to Cecelia McKie - May 11, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Barnett Cohen and E. Bender to Cecelia McKie - May 11, 1943]

Letter sent from Barnett Cohen and E. Bender to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from Abraham Barnett Cohen, Barnett Cohen's son and E. Bender's brother, and stating they have been able to piece her message together with others to get his complete message. Envelope addressed to Mrs. W. L. McKie, Sacramento, California from Mrs. Benjamin Bender, New Haven, Connecticut.
Date: May 25, 1943
Creator: Cohen, Barnett & Bender, E.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Charles M. Kirkpatrick to Cecelia McKie - May 18, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Charles M. Kirkpatrick to Cecelia McKie - May 18, 1943]

Letter sent from Charles M. Kirkpatrick to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from his son, Harlan G. Kirkpatrick, and stating they had received other messages from him. They had been informed by the Navy Department that he was a prisoner of the Japanese on May 12. He also mentions that his son had been on the U.S.S. Houston. Letter is printed on Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company stationery. Envelope addressed to Mrs. W. L. McKie, Sacramento, California from C. M. Kirkpatrick, Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, New York, New York. Reverse side of envelope has been removed by creator.
Date: May 18, 1943
Creator: Kirkpatrick, Charles M.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Cecelia McKie to P. R. Lawson - June 1, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Cecelia McKie to P. R. Lawson - June 1, 1943]

Letter sent from Cecelia McKie to Mr. P. R. Lawson, Assistant Treasurer at Manila Electric Company, acknowledging his letter of May 25, 1943. McKie describes her shortwave radio and how she records messages. She explains while she has not heard anyone mention the Manila Electric Company, some internees do mention 'the company'. Letter includes a list of names that the Manila Electric Company may recognize: 'David W. Levitt (Levy) (?); Louis Decoito; George Howard Crosby (?); Thomas P. Condy; Ion (Ronald) (?) Leing (Lane) (?); Lymos (Amos) (Lionel) William Detver'. McKie states that it would be a good plan to send the list of Manila Electric employees to her. She mentions she keeps the letters in a scrapbook, in chronological order, so they are easy to find by date of broadcast message. She requests a map of New York City and Long Island as she hears many messages for New York, Brooklyn, The Bronx.
Date: June 1, 1943
Creator: McKie, Cecelia, 1903-1982
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Eddie Dennis to Cecelia McKie - May 15, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Eddie Dennis to Cecelia McKie - May 15, 1943]

Letter sent from Eddie Dennis to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message from Jeannette Light and stating this is the first good news they have received. She mentions the wonderful service the 'Short Wave Listening Posts' are giving. Letter is typed on Denver and Intermountain Railroad Company stationery. Envelope addressed to Mrs. W. L. McKie, Sacramento, California from The Denver Tramway Corporation, The Denver and Intermountain R. R. Co., Golden, Colorado. Reverse side of envelope has been removed by creator.
Date: May 15, 1943
Creator: Dennis, Eddie
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from E. H. Stoner to Mrs. William L. McKie - May 19, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from E. H. Stoner to Mrs. William L. McKie - May 19, 1943]

Letter sent from E. H. Stoner, President and Treasurer of West Penn Lumber Company, on behalf of Mr. G. M. Lusk, to Cecelia McKie thanking her for the message and stating he has received the same information from the Relief for Americans in Philippines, New York City, and has forwarded this advice to Mr. G. M. Lusk. Letter is typed on West Penn Lumber Company stationery. Envelope addressed to Mrs. William L. McKie, Sacramento, California from West Penn Lumber Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Handwritten note in pencil lower left: 'Lusk'. Reverse side of envelope has been removed by creator.
Date: May 19, 1943
Creator: Stoner, E. H.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Outside Bilibid Prison in Manila]

Photograph outside a Bureau of Prisons in Manila holding prisoners of war. Two buildings are shown, one is marked with a medic cross and another unmarked wooden building. Multiple cars are parked in front of the buildings and people in uniforms wander about.
Date: October 1945
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Outside the Destroyed Intramuros]

Photograph outside of the Intramuros. In the foreground is several muddy puddles and in the distance are the decimated buildings and burned trees of the Intramuros in Manila in the Philippines.
Date: 1942~
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Hospital Decorated for Christmas 1945]

Photograph taken inside Fleet Hospital #114, in Samar, Philippines, showing a room decorated for Christmas. The room has high ceiling with streamers draped from it, there are two table on either side of the photo with four chairs on the left and three chairs on the right. In the center is a door, to the right of that door is written "Merry Christmas" and on the left is "Happy New Year."
Date: December 1945
Creator: Rose, Helen M.
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Cecelia McKie to Abraham H. Birsh - May 2, 1943] (open access)

[Letter from Cecelia McKie to Abraham H. Birsh - May 2, 1943]

Copy of letter sent from Cecelia McKie to 'Mr. Abraham H. Birsh' regarding Santo Tomas Internment Camp internee 'Charles Birsh'. Letter contains transcribed message broadcast to brother from internee on Radio Tokyo. McKie mentions she had a cousin who lived in Mount Vernon, New York (whose husband's name is Clarence Cole) and asks Mr. Birsh to say hello to her cousin, as they have not been in contact for many years.
Date: May 2, 1943
Creator: McKie, Cecelia, 1903-1982
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History

[Army Corps Nurse Stands Outside Doran Camp Barracks]

Photograph taken inside Doran Camp of a nurse standing to the left outside of Army Nurse Corps barracks in Manila while three other women walk down a path on the right.
Date: 1942~
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Photograph
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Shaffe T. Courey to Cecelia McKie - October 20, 1976] (open access)

[Letter from Shaffe T. Courey to Cecelia McKie - October 20, 1976]

Letter sent from Shaffe T. Courey, State Commander, American Ex-Prisoners of War, Inc., to Cecelia McKie regarding National Citation award.
Date: October 20, 1976
Creator: Courey, Shaffe T.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Letter from Frank W. Hoover to Cecelia McKie - September 26, 1978] (open access)

[Letter from Frank W. Hoover to Cecelia McKie - September 26, 1978]

Letter sent from Frank W. Hoover, American Ex-Prisoners of War 49ers Chapter, to Cecelia McKie regarding meeting date.
Date: September 26, 1978
Creator: Hoover, Frank W.
Object Type: Letter
System: The Portal to Texas History