Script from the WBAP-TV/NBC station in Fort Worth, Texas, relating a news story.

This report provides background information and issues for Congress on China's naval modernization effort and its implications for U.S. Navy capabilities. The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is a key issue in U.S. defense planning and budgeting. Many U.S. military programs for countering improving Chinese military forces (particularly its naval forces) fall within the U.S. Navy's budget.

Photograph taken for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "Chinese and Eastern Railway station at Harbin, Manchuria. This city is in a vital position with regard to the trouble now brewing between China and Russia. The city is under martial law and the streets are crowded with soldiers."

Photograph taken for a newspaper owned by the Oklahoma Publishing Company. Caption: "One of the numerous railroad bridges between Harbin and Manchouli, in Manchuria, guarded by a sentry. This bridge occupies one of the strategic positions between the two Manchurian cities, and is heavily guarded now, pending the outcome of the trouble with Russia."

Article describes study investigating the effects of the built-up environment on artificial light at night, focusing on construction region environments on nighttime brightness and variation with building heights and regional economic development level in China.

U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past several years. China is now the third largest U.S. trading partner, its second largest source of imports, and its fourth largest export market. However, U.S.-China commercial ties have been strained by a number of issues, including a surging U.S. trade deficit with China, China's refusal to float its currency, and failure to fully comply with its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments, especially its failure to provide protection for U.S. intellectual property rights (IPR). This report explores these issues in detail, especially concerning the lack of protection for U.S. IPR.