This document is a compilation of travel reports and memorandums that are the results of planning between Los Alamos National Laboratory and Computer Applications Group, Inc.

A 250 kW electron beam cold hearth refining (EBCHR) melt furnace at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has been in operation for over a year producing 5.5 in.-diameter ingots of various uranium alloys. Production of in-specification uranium-6%-niobium (U-6Nb) alloy ingots has been demonstrated using Virgin feedstock. A vibratory scrap feeder has been installed on the system and the ability to recycle chopped U-6Nb scrap has been established. A preliminary comparison of vacuum arc remelted (VAR) and electron beam (EB) melted product is presented.

If a cask and Multi-Canister Overpack (MCO) were to be dropped, the analysis established possible initial volumetric flow rates. The results of the uncertainty analysis demonstrated that even if a cask and MCO were to be dropped the possible initial volumetric flow rate through the opened floor/wall joint would be small. There is a 95% confidence (probability of 0.95) that the initial volumetric flow rate would be smaller than 411 gpm and a 99% confidence (probability of 0.99) that it would be smaller than 916 gpm.

The Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project (YMP) of the US DOE is tasked with designing, constructing, and operating an Exploratory Studies Facility (ESF) at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The purpose of the YMP is to provide detailed characterization of the Yucca Mountain site for the potential mined geologic repository for permanent disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Detailed characterization of properties of the site are to be conducted through a wide variety of short-term and long-term in-situ tests. Testing methods require the installation of a large number of test instruments and sensors with a variety of functions. These instruments produce analog and digital data that must be collected, processed, stored, and evaluated in an attempt to predict performance of the repository. The Integrated Data and Control System (IDCS) is envisioned as a distributed data acquisition that electronically acquires and stores data from these test instruments. IDCS designers are responsible for designing and overseeing the procurement of the system, IDCS Operation and Maintenance operates and maintains the installed system, and the IDCS Data Manager is responsible for distribution of IDCS data to participants. This report is a compilation of trip reports, interoffice memos, and other memos relevant to Computer Applications Group, Inc., work …

The thermal response of fixtured parts in a batch-type brazing furnace can require numerous, time-consuming development runs before an acceptable furnace schedule or joint design is established. Powerful computational simulation tools are being developed to minimize the required number of verification experiments, improve furnace throughput, and increase product yields. Typical furnace simulations are based on thermal, fluid flow, and structural codes that incorporate the fundamental physics of the brazing process. The use of massively parallel computing to predict furnace and joint-level responses is presented. Measured and computed data are compared. Temperature values are within 1-270 of the expected peak brazing temperature for different loading conditions. Sensitivity studies reveal that the thermal response is more sensitive to the thermal boundary conditions of the heating enclosure than variability y in the materials data. Braze flow simulations predict fillet geometry and free surface joint defects. Dynamic wetting conditions, interfacial reactions, and solidification structure add a high degree of uncertainty to the flow results.

Poor hermeticity performance was observed for Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} ceramic-ceramic joints having a Kovar{trademark} alloy interlayer. The active Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal was used to braze the substrates together. The Ti active element was scavenged from the filler metal by the formation of a (Fe, Ni, Co){sub x}Ti phase (x= 2-3) that prevented development of a continuous Ti{sub x}O{sub y} layer at the filler metal/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} interface. Altering the process parameters did not circumvent the scavenging of Ti. Molybdenum barrier layers 1000, 2500, or 5000 {angstrom} thick on the Kovar{trademark} surfaces successfully allowed Ti{sub x}O{sub y} formation at the filler metal/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} interface and hermetic joints. The problems with the Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal for Kovar{trademark}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} braze joints led to the evaluation of a Ag-Cu-Zr filler metal. The Zr (active element) in Ag-Cu-Zr filler metal was not susceptible to the scavenging problem.

This publication presents 5 years (1990--94) of summary financial data and current year detailed financial data on the major publicly owned electric utilities. Generator and nongenerator summaries are presented. Composite tables present: Aggregates of income statement and balance sheet data, financial indicators, electric operation and maintenance expenses, electric utility plant, number of consumers, sales of electricity, and operating revenue, and electric energy account data.

The purpose of the 340-NT-EX sampling system upgrade Operability Test Procedure (OTP) is to test and ensure the sampler system upgrades correctly interface with the control room alarm and recording functions. The sampling system monitors the exhaust air from a 300 Area waste handling facility for alpha, beta, gamma, particulate, and iodine releases.

The fall 1994 wildlife and vegetation surveys were completed October 3-7, 1994, at Norton Air Force Base (AFB), California. Two biologists from CDM Federal Programs, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regional biologist and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) lead biologist conducted the surveys. A habitat assessment of three Installation Restoration Project (IRP) sites at Norton Air Force Base was also completed during the fall survey period. The IRP sites include: Landfill No. 2 (Site 2); the Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant (IWTP) area; and Former Fire Training Area No. 1 (Site 5). The assessments were designed to qualitatively characterize the sites of concern, identify potential ecological receptors, and provide information for Remedial Design/Remedial Action activities. A Reference Area (Santa Ana River Wash) and the base urban areas were also characterized. The reference area assessment was performed to provide a baseline for comparison with the IRP site habitats. The fall 1994 survey is the second of up to four surveys that may be completed. In order to develop a complete understanding of all plant and animal species using the base, these surveys were planned to be conducted over four seasons. Species composition can vary widely during the course of a …

Experiments on equilibrium adsorption of various alcohols on 60--200 mesh Illinois No. 6 coal (DECS-2; Randolph county) were performed during the July--September period. The alcohols include ethanol, methanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-hexadecanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, and 2-methyl-l-pentanol. Amounts of equilibrium adsorption of alcohols (ALCO) on 60--200 mesh Illinois No. 6 coal are 1 - 230 {times} 10{sup {minus}6} mg-ALCO/g-coal, whereas equilibrium concentrations of alcohols are 3--40 ppM. Relations between equilibrium loadings of alcohols on the coal and equilibrium concentrations of alcohols in aqueous solutions are shown to be linear.

The PWR Pool Chiller System is not longer required for support of the Shippingport Blanket Fuel Assemblies Storage. The Engineering Work Plan will provide the overall coordination of the documentation and physical changes to deactivate the unneeded subsystem. The physical removal of all energy sources for the Chiller equipment will be covered under a one time work plan. The documentation changes will be covered using approved Engineering Change Notices and Procedure Change Authorizations as needed.

The requirements of a gamma-ray burst optical counterpart detector are reviewed. By taking advantage of real-time notification of bursts, new instruments can make sensitive searches while the gamma-ray transient is still in progress. A wide field of view camera at Livermore National Laboratories has recently been adapted for detecting GRB optical counterparts to a limiting magnitude of 8. A more sensitive camera, capable of reaching m{sub upsilon} = 14, is under development.

This is the second annual report covering progress made under DOE cooperative agreement DE-FC21-92MC29237, Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Product Development Test. The project is for the design, construction, and testing of a 2MW carbonate fuel cell power plant in the City of Santa Clara, California. The report is divided into sections which describe the progress in various program activities, and provides an overview of the program, including the project objectives, site location, and schedule.

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is preparing to request the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to certify compliance of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) with long-term requirements of the environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Management and Standards for Management and Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level and Transuranic Waste (40 CFR Part 191). The DOE must also demonstrate compliance with the long-term requirements of the Land Disposal Restrictions of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (40 CFR Part 268.6). Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) has ben conducting iterative performance assessments (PAs) for the the WIPP to provide guidance to the project on the technical activities required to determine long-term performance of the WIPP disposal system. The most recent PA was conducted in 1992. The objectives of this paper are to: (1) Identify and describe the relationship between non-Salado hydrology and the array of scenarios that might be relevant to the long-term performance of the repository. (2) Identify and describe the array of conceptual and mechanistic models that are required to evaluate the scenarios for the purpose of compliance. (3) Identify and describe the data/information that are required to support the conceptual and mechanistic models.

A summary of the attractive characteristics of mirror devices is presented. Recent progress in development of axisymmetric mirror devices is described. Potentialities of mirrors as a basis for D{sup 3}He fusion power generators and high-flux neutron sources for fusion material tests are discussed.

Experiments on equilibrium adsorption of various alcohols on 60--200 mesh Illinois No. 6 coal (DECS-2; Randolph county) were performed during the July--September period. The alcohols include ethanol, methanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-hexadecanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, and 2-methyl-l-pentanol. Amounts of equilibrium adsorption of alcohols (ALCO) on 60--200 mesh Illinois No. 6 coal are 1 - 230 [times] 10[sup [minus]6] mg-ALCO/g-coal, whereas equilibrium concentrations of alcohols are 3--40 ppM. Relations between equilibrium loadings of alcohols on the coal and equilibrium concentrations of alcohols in aqueous solutions are shown to be linear.

Sheath waves have been investigated analytically and with particle simulation for an unmagnetized two dimensional plasma slab with periodic boundary conditions in y and conducting walls at x = 0, L{sub x}. Analytically treating the sheath as a vacuum layer, the sheath wave bears a resemblance to plasma vacuum surface waves. The simulations are in agreement with the theory for both bulk Bohm Grow waves and edge sheath waves, with some unanswered questions. Some waves that were expected did not show up, at least, where we thought they should be. Hence, improvements were made in the initialization (a better quiet start), in the diagnostics (especially the spectra in frequency), and in the excitation (ability to pulse). It has become clear that this problem, seeking both sheath (or surface) and body waves in a bounded system, needs far more attention, in analysis (non-uniform density included) and in simulation, especially in diagnostics. Hence, this report is to be treated as a start on the problem. The problem is not dropped, as the understanding of such waves (in 2d and 3d) is very important, for both basic sheath understanding and for applications, such as plasma control via excitation of sheath or pre-sheath waves.

A general method is developed for calculating boundary plasma fluctuations across a magnetic separatrix in a tokamak with a divertor or a limiter. The slab model, which assumes a periodic plasma in the edge reaching the divertor or limiter plate in the scrape-off layer(SOL), should provide a good estimate, if the radial extent of the fluctuation quantities across the separatrix to the edge is small compared to that given by finite particle banana orbit. The Laplace transform is used for solving the initial value problem. The electron temperature gradient(ETG) driven instability is found to grow like t{sup {minus}1/2}e{sup {gamma}mt}.

This 18th edition directory provides an overview of DOE`s energy information collection programs for decisionmakers in Government and industry; selected public use forms currently used as basic energy information gathering tools by DOE are covered. For each form, an abstract is included that describes the form`s uses, its respondents, and the data collected. Also shown are frequently requested items: energy sources and functions covered by the form, general categories of respondents, collection frequency, public laws and regulations, reporting requirement, name and phone number of the data collection manager, and the publications resulting from the data collection. Indexes, arranged according to energy source/function, publications, respondent categories, former EIA form number designations, and collection authorities, are provided.

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The Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is actively pursuing the development of reliable and cost-effective processes to clean coal gasifier gases for application to integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) power plants. A large portion of gas cleanup research has been directed towards hot gas desulfurization using Zn-based sorbents. However, zinc titanate sorbents undergo reduction to the metal at temperatures approaching 700{degrees}C and lose reactivity because of volatilization. In addition, sulfate formation during regeneration leads to spalling of reactive surfaces. Because of these problems with zinc-based sorbents, METC has shown interest in formulating and testing manganese-based sorbents. Currently, many proposed IGCC processes include a water quench prior to desulfurization. This quench is required for two reasons; limitations in the process hardware (1000{degrees}C), and excessive Zn-based sorbent loss (about 700{degrees}C). With manganese, the water quench is not necessary to avoid sorbent loss, since Mn-based sorbents have been shown to retain reactivity under cyclic testing at 900{degrees}C. This advantage of manganese over zinc has potential to increase thermal efficiency as the trade-off of increasing the equilibrium H{sub 2}S over-pressure obtainable with a manganese sorbent. In the work which is reported …

During the past two years a system has been under development to contribute to this monitoring process by making measurement of the downwelling infrared radiance field at moderate spectral resolution. Sensitivity of the measurements to the presence of cirrus cloudiness, and effective particle size in cirrus clouds has been demonstrated. Sensitivity of the measurements to concentration of C0[sub 2] and to the gross temperature structure of a 2CO[sub 2] atmosphere have been modeled, and measurements have been made at various locations to provide a data base for further system evaluation. A temperature retrieval algorithm has been acquired and examined concerning its potential for monitoring temperature and gaseous concentration profiles. A continue research program is described herein that may be divided into three parts. First, continued system development must be pursued. This includes continued attention to the absolute accuracy of the measurements, and implementation of the Path Characterization Algorithm (retrieval code). Second, the value of long term deployment of the system at a site of considerable elevation is necessary. Third, inclusion of a solar transmission capability at moderate resolution is proposed.

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) designs mechanical systems with components that must survive high frequency shock environments including pyrotechnic shock. These environments have not been simulated very well in the past at the payload system level because of weight limitations of traditional pyroshock mechanical simulations using resonant beams and plates. A new concept utilizing tuned resonators attached to the payload system and driven with the impact of an airgun projectile allow these simulations to be performed in the laboratory with high precision and repeatability without the use of explosives. A tuned resonator has been designed and constructed for a particular payload system. Comparison of laboratory responses with measurements made at the component locations during actual pyrotechnic events show excellent agreement for a bandwidth of DC to 4 kHz. The bases of comparison are shock spectra. This simple concept applies the mechanical pyroshock simulation simultaneously to all components with the correct boundary conditions in the payload system and is a considerable improvement over previous experimental techniques and simulations.

Since the last progress report (March 15, 1994), attention was paid to the solution photochemistry of (HBPz*{sub 3})Rh(CO){sub 2} (Pz* = 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) at different excitation wavelengths and in various hydrocarbon solvents (n-pentane). Absolute quantum efficiencies were obtained for the intermolecular C-H bond activation at different wavelengths and temperatures. Results indicate that there are two excited states with different reactivities and two reaction channels. The intermediate that is highly reactive toward hydrocarbon C-H bonds is probably the monocarbonyl (HBPz*{sub 3})Rh(CO) species. Related studies are being carried out on tungsten(IV) eight-coordinate-chelate complexes.