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Nevada Test Site Environmental Report Summary 2009 (open access)

Nevada Test Site Environmental Report Summary 2009

The U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office (NNSA/NSO) directs the management and operation of the Nevada Test Site (NTS). NNSA/NSO prepares the Nevada Test Site Environmental Report (NTSER) to provide the public an understanding of the environmental monitoring and compliance activities that are conducted on the NTS to protect the public and the environment from radiation hazards and from nonradiological impacts. The NTSER is a comprehensive report of environmental activities performed at the NTS and offsite facilities over the previous calendar year. It is prepared annually to meet the requirements and guidelines of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the information needs of NNSA/NSO stakeholders. This summary provides an abbreviated and more readable version of the NTSER. It does not contain detailed descriptions or presentations of monitoring designs, data collection methods, data tables, the NTS environment, or all environmental program activities performed throughout the year. The reader may obtain a hard copy of the full NTSER as directed on the inside front cover of this summary report.
Date: September 13, 2010
Creator: Cathy Wills, ed.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Anomalous Electron Transport Due to Multiple High Frequency Beam Ion Driven Alfven Eigenmode (open access)

Anomalous Electron Transport Due to Multiple High Frequency Beam Ion Driven Alfven Eigenmode

We report on the simulations of recently observed correlations of the core electron transport with the sub-thermal ion cyclotron frequency instabilities in low aspect ratio plasmas of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). In order to model the electron transport of the guiding center code ORBIT is employed. A spectrum of test functions of multiple core localized Global shear Alfven Eigenmode (GAE) instabilities based on a previously developed theory and experimental observations is used to examine the electron transport properties. The simulations exhibit thermal electron transport induced by electron drift orbit stochasticity in the presence of multiple core localized GAE.
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Gorelenkov, N. N.; Stutman, D.; Tritz, K.; Boozer, A.; Delgardo-Aparicio, L.; Fredrickson, E. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FUEL CYCLE POTENTIAL WASTE FOR DISPOSITION (open access)

FUEL CYCLE POTENTIAL WASTE FOR DISPOSITION

The United States (U.S.) currently utilizes a once-through fuel cycle where used nuclear fuel (UNF) is stored on-site in either wet pools or in dry storage systems with ultimate disposal in a deep mined geologic repository envisioned. Within the Department of Energy's (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), the Fuel Cycle Research and Development Program (FCR&D) develops options to the current commercial fuel cycle management strategy to enable the safe, secure, economic, and sustainable expansion of nuclear energy while minimizing proliferation risks by conducting research and development of advanced fuel cycles, including modified open and closed cycles. The safe management and disposition of used nuclear fuel and/or nuclear waste is a fundamental aspect of any nuclear fuel cycle. Yet, the routine disposal of used nuclear fuel and radioactive waste remains problematic. Advanced fuel cycles will generate different quantities and forms of waste than the current LWR fleet. This study analyzes the quantities and characteristics of potential waste forms including differing waste matrices, as a function of a variety of potential fuel cycle alternatives including: (1) Commercial UNF generated by uranium fuel light water reactors (LWR). Four once through fuel cycles analyzed in this study differ by varying the assumed expansion/contraction …
Date: October 13, 2010
Creator: Jones, R. & Carter, J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

Field Test of a DHW Distribution System: Temperature and Flow Analyses

This presentation discusses a field test of a DHW distribution system in an occupied townhome. It includes measured fixture flows and temperatures, a tested recirculation system, evaluated disaggregation of flow by measured temperatures, Aquacraft Trace Wizard analysis, and comparison.
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Barley, C. D.; Hendron, B. & Magnusson, L.
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF TANK F FLUSH SOLUTION  ON H-CANYON EVAPORATOR OPERATION (open access)

POTENTIAL IMPACT OF TANK F FLUSH SOLUTION ON H-CANYON EVAPORATOR OPERATION

Previous chemical analysis of a sample from the liquid heel found in Tank F of the High Activity Drain (HAD) system in F/H laboratory revealed the presence of n-paraffin, tributyl phosphate (TBP), Modifier from the Modular Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction Unit (MCU) process and a vinyl ester resin that is very similar to the protective lining on Tank F. Subsequent analyses detected the presence of a small amount of diisopropylnaphthalene (DIN) (major component of Ultima Gold{trademark} AB liquid scintillation cocktail). Indications are that both vinyl ester resin and DIN are present in small amounts in the flush solution. The flush solution currently in the LR-56S trailer likely has an emulsion which is believed to contain a mixture of the reported organic species dominated by TBP. An acid treatment similar to that proposed to clear the HAD tank heel in F/H laboratory was found to allow separation of an organic phase from the cloudy sample tested by SRNL. Mixing of that clear sample did re-introduce some cloudiness that did not immediately clear but that cloudiness is attributed to the DIN in the matrix. An organic phase does quickly separate from the cloudy matrix allowing separation by a box decanter in H-Canyon prior …
Date: September 13, 2010
Creator: Kyser, E.; Fondeur, F. & Fink, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tank 40 Final SB6 Chemical Characterization Results (open access)

Tank 40 Final SB6 Chemical Characterization Results

A sample of Sludge Batch 6 (SB6) was taken from Tank 40 in order to obtain radionuclide inventory analyses necessary for compliance with the Waste Acceptance Product Specifications (WAPS), and a portion of the sample was designated for SB6 processing studies. The SB6 WAPS sample was also analyzed for chemical composition including noble metals and fissile composition, and these results are reported here. These analyses along with the WAPS radionuclide analyses will help define the composition of the sludge in Tank 40 that is currently being fed to DWPF as SB6. At the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) the 3-L Tank 40 SB6 sample was transferred from the shipping container into a 4-L high density polyethylene vessel and solids were allowed to settle overnight. Supernate was then siphoned off and circulated through the shipping container to complete the transfer of the sample. Following thorough mixing of the 3-L sample, a 485 g sub-sample was removed. This sub-sample was then utilized for all subsequent analytical samples.
Date: August 13, 2010
Creator: Bannochie, C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ecological Monitoring and Compliance Program 2009 Report (open access)

Ecological Monitoring and Compliance Program 2009 Report

The Ecological Monitoring and Compliance Program (EMAC), funded through the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office, monitors the ecosystem of the Nevada Test Site and ensures compliance with laws and regulations pertaining to NTS biota. This report summarizes the program’s activities conducted by National Security Technologies, LLC, during calendar year 2009. Program activities included (a) biological surveys at proposed construction sites, (b) desert tortoise compliance, (c) ecosystem mapping and data management, (d) sensitive plant species monitoring, (e) sensitive and protected/regulated animal monitoring, (f) habitat monitoring, (g) habitat restoration monitoring, and (h) monitoring of the Nonproliferation Test and Evaluation Complex. During 2009, all applicable laws, regulations, and permit requirements were met, enabling EMAC to achieve its intended goals and objectives.
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Hansen, J. Dennis; Anderson, David C.; Hall, Derek B.; Greger, Paul D. & Ostler, W. Kent
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Metal Interconnect Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Final Crada Report. (open access)

Metal Interconnect Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Final Crada Report.

None
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Ehst, D. & Division, Nuclear Engineering
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Borated Materials and Components for Nuclear Shielding and Waste Contamination Applications. Final Crada Report. (open access)

Borated Materials and Components for Nuclear Shielding and Waste Contamination Applications. Final Crada Report.

None
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Ehst, D. & Division, Nuclear Engineering
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Low Emission Advanced Power Cycle. Final CRADA Report. (open access)

Low Emission Advanced Power Cycle. Final CRADA Report.

Today's gas turbines are based on the Brayton Cycle in which heat is added to the working fluid at constant pressure. An alternate approach, the Humphrey cycle, provides a higher theoretical thermal efficiency by adding heat at constant, or near constant volume. A few practical examples of such engines appeared in the mid 1900's, but they were largely superseded by the Brayton engine. Although the conventional gas turbine has been developed to a high level of efficiency and reliability, significant improvements in performance are becoming increasingly costly to obtain. Efficiencies of compressors, turbines and combustors are approaching theoretical limits. Cooling and materials technologies continue to improve but higher cycle temperatures may be limited by NOx emissions. While heat exchangers, intercoolers and other features improve cycle efficiency they add significantly to the cost, weight and volume of the basic engine and for flight applications may always be impractical. For these reasons there has been renewed interest in recent years in the constant volume Humphrey cycle focusing mainly on pulsing systems in which heat is added by a rapid series of detonations. Variations on this basic scheme are being evaluated for aircraft propulsions systems. General Electric has established a joint program with …
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Tentner, A. & Division, Nuclear Engineering
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of microbial communities in subsurface nuclear blast cavities of the Nevada Test Site (open access)

Characterization of microbial communities in subsurface nuclear blast cavities of the Nevada Test Site

This US Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Remediation Sciences Project (ERSP) was designed to test fundamental hypotheses concerning the existence and nature of indigenous microbial populations of Nevada Test Site subsurface nuclear test/detonation cavities. Now called Subsurface Biogeochemical Research (SBR), this program’s Exploratory Research (ER) element, which funded this research, is designed to support high risk, high potential reward projects. Here, five cavities (GASCON, CHANCELLOR, NASH, ALEMAN, and ALMENDRO) and one tunnel (U12N) were sampled using bailers or pumps. Molecular and cultivation-based techniques revealed bacterial signatures at five sites (CHANCELLOR may be lifeless). SSU rRNA gene libraries contained diverse and divergent microbial sequences affiliated with known metal- and sulfur-cycling microorganisms, organic compound degraders, microorganisms from deep mines, and bacteria involved in selenate reduction and arsenite oxidation. Close relatives of Desulforudis audaxviator, a microorganism thought to subsist in the terrestrial deep subsurface on H2 and SO42- produced by radiochemical reactions, was detected in the tunnel waters. NTS-specific media formulations were used to culture and quantify nitrate-, sulfate-, iron-reducing, fermentative, and methanogenic microorganisms. Given that redox manipulations mediated by microorganisms can impact the mobility of DOE contaminants, our results should have implications for management strategies at this and other DOE sites.
Date: July 13, 2010
Creator: Moser, Duane P.; Czerwinski, Ken; Russell, Charles E. & Zavarin, Mavrik
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nevada Test Site Environmental Report 2009, Attachment A: Site Description (open access)

Nevada Test Site Environmental Report 2009, Attachment A: Site Description

This attachment expands on the general description of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) presented in the Introduction to the Nevada Test Site Environmental Report 2009. Included are subsections that summarize the site’s geological, hydrological, climatological, and ecological setting. The cultural resources of the NTS are also presented. The subsections are meant to aid the reader in understanding the complex physical and biological environment of the NTS. An adequate knowledge of the site’s environment is necessary to assess the environmental impacts of new projects, design and implement environmental monitoring activities for current site operations, and assess the impacts of site operations on the public residing in the vicinity of the NTS. The NTS environment contributes to several key features of the site that afford protection to the inhabitants of adjacent areas from potential exposure to radioactivity or other contaminants resulting from NTS operations. These key features include the general remote location of the NTS, restricted access, extended wind transport times, the great depths to slow-moving groundwater, little or no surface water, and low population density. This attachment complements the annual summary of monitoring program activities and dose assessments presented in the main body of this report.
Date: September 13, 2010
Creator: Cathy Wills, ed.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of groundwater monitoring and vegetation sampling at Everest, Kansas, in 2009 . (open access)

Results of groundwater monitoring and vegetation sampling at Everest, Kansas, in 2009 .

In April 2008, the Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) conducted groundwater sampling for the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the existing network of monitoring points at Everest, Kansas (Argonne 2008). The objective of the 2008 investigation was to monitor the distribution of carbon tetrachloride contamination in groundwater previously identified in CCC/USDA site characterization and groundwater sampling studies at Everest in 2000-2006 (Argonne 2001, 2003, 2006a,b). The work at Everest is being undertaken on behalf of the CCC/USDA by Argonne National Laboratory, under the oversight of the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE). The findings of the 2008 investigation were as follows: (1) Measurements of groundwater levels obtained manually and through the use of automatic recorders demonstrated a consistent pattern of groundwater flow - and inferred contaminant migration - to the north-northwest from the former CCC/USDA facility toward the Nigh property, and then west-southwest from the Nigh property toward the intermittent creek that lies west of the former CCC/USDA facility and the Nigh property. (2) The range of concentrations and the areal distribution of carbon tetrachloride identified in the groundwater at Everest in April 2008 were generally consistent with previous results. The results …
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: LaFreniere, L. M. & Division, Environmental Science
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 116, No. 41, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 13, 2010 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 116, No. 41, Ed. 1 Wednesday, October 13, 2010

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 13, 2010
Creator: Phillips, Dennis
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 130, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 13, 2010 (open access)

Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 130, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 13, 2010

Weekly newspaper from Cooper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Palmer, Roger
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Texas Register, Volume 35, Number 33, Pages 6869-7154, August 13, 2010 (open access)

Texas Register, Volume 35, Number 33, Pages 6869-7154, August 13, 2010

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.
Date: August 13, 2010
Creator: Texas. Secretary of State.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
People Crossing Borders: An Analysis of U.S. Border Protection Policies (open access)

People Crossing Borders: An Analysis of U.S. Border Protection Policies

This report provides an overview of the current border protection framework and its operationally oriented strategic elements and measures their effectiveness. The report draws on documents from Congress and the Administration, as well as other publications, to pull together an overarching picture of protection at the border. This overview includes a historical background and a definition of what "border protection" means in a contemporary context. Building on this definition, the report provides two theoretical models for border protection approaches based on unilateral and cooperative approaches, followed by an extended analysis of the major elements within the current border protection framework. This analysis also includes discussions of how and why, certain strategic elements notwithstanding, many of the current border-related security policies focus on the physical border rather than conceptualizing the border in broader terms. Lastly, this report offers some policy options--both short-term and long-term--for addressing the effectiveness of current border protection policies.
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Haddal, Chad C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Duration of Continuing Resolutions in Recent Years (open access)

Duration of Continuing Resolutions in Recent Years

This report provides information on congressional practices with respect to the duration of continuing resolutions, including the use of full-year measures, and focuses particularly on the period covering FY1998-FY2010.
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Keith, Robert
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Ford (CVN-78) Class Aircraft Carrier Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and potential oversight issues for Congress on the CVN-78 program, which includes the CVN-78, CVN-79, and CVN-80 as the first three ships in the Navy's new Gerald R. Ford (CVN- 78) class of nuclear-powered aircraft carriers (CVNs).
Date: April 13, 2010
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Jurisprudence of Justice John Paul Stevens: Leading Opinions on Wartime Detentions (open access)

The Jurisprudence of Justice John Paul Stevens: Leading Opinions on Wartime Detentions

This report discusses the justice John Paul Stevens that played a pivotal role in determining the scope of executive-branch power in a post-9/11 world. After 9/11, Congress quickly authorized the Executive to respond to the terrorist attacks using military force
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Henning, Anna C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism (open access)

U.S.-EU Cooperation Against Terrorism

This report examines the evolution of counterterrorism cooperation between the United States and the European Union (EU), particularly since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. It includes a discussion of U.S.-EU cooperation progress and ongoing challenges, as well as perspectives and issues for Congress.
Date: May 13, 2010
Creator: Archick, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Economic Impacts of Prison Growth (open access)

Economic Impacts of Prison Growth

This report provides an economic overview of the correctional sector as background for the unfolding debate over spending and other policies. It begins with information on the growth in prison populations in public and in private prisons and also briefly explores the economic impacts of prison location. It is not intended a study of the effectiveness of sentencing and other laws, nor of evolving polices aimed at reducing recidivism and prison populations.
Date: April 13, 2010
Creator: Kirchhoff, Suzanne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Securing Nuclear Materials: The 2010 Summit and Issues for Congress (open access)

Securing Nuclear Materials: The 2010 Summit and Issues for Congress

This report discusses domestic and global nuclear security measures. It talks about the challenges to achieve the four year goal, the multilateral efforts to improve nuclear security, and the role of nongovernmental organization and the nuclear industry. The report concludes that Congress will continue to decide on funding for the U.S. domestic and international programs focused on nuclear material security and nuclear terrorism prevention.
Date: April 13, 2010
Creator: Nikitin, Mary Beth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Insurance and Financial Regulatory Reform in the 111th Congress (open access)

Insurance and Financial Regulatory Reform in the 111th Congress

This report discusses the debate around federal involvement in insurance regulation. In the aftermath of the recent financial crisis, broad financial regulatory reform legislation has been advanced by the Obama Administration and by various Members of Congress.
Date: January 13, 2010
Creator: Webel, Baird
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library