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Deepwater Horizon Response: Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Response
This website served as the focal point for the Deepwater Horizon Unified Command, a group of organizations that had involvement with the British Petroleum (BP) explosion and oil spill that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010. The website includes news feeds and information about health concerns, volunteer opportunities, contact information, and ongoing plans for the area. Various maps of the event and other resources are also available, chronicling the problem and the steps taken by the member organizations to deal with the effects.
Date:
September 10, 2010
Creator:
Deepwater Horizon Unified Command
Object Type:
Website
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trends in Discretionary Spending
Discretionary spending is provided in, and controlled by, annual appropriations acts, which fund many of the routine activities commonly associated with such federal government functions as running executive branch agencies, congressional offices and agencies, and international operations of the government. Essentially all spending on federal wages and salaries is discretionary. This report discusses historical, current, and projected discretionary spending trends. It also describes how current discretionary spending trends reflect national priorities.
Date:
September 10, 2010
Creator:
Austin, D. Andrew & Levit, Mindy R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Minutes: Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group, September 10, 2003]
BRAC 2005 Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group Meeting Minutes of September 10, 2003. The document is redacted and includes a draft Memorandum For Under Secretary Of Defense (Acquisition, Technology & Logistics) regarding the establishment of the Intelligence Joint Cross-Service Group.
Date:
September 10, 2003
Creator:
United States. Department of Defense.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Extraterritorial Application of American Criminal Law
Crime is ordinarily proscribed, tried and punished according to the laws on the place where it occurs. American criminal law applies beyond the geographical confines of the United States, however, under some limited circumstances. The federal exceptions to the general rule usually involve crimes like drug trafficking, terrorism, or crimes committed aboard a ship or airplane. State prosecution for overseas misconduct is limited almost exclusively to multijurisdictional crimes, i.e., crimes where some elements of the offense are committed within the state and others are committed abroad. The Constitution, Congress, and state law define the circumstances under which American criminal law may be used against crimes occurring, in whole or in part, outside the United States
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Doyle, Charles
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The polarized SRF gun experiment.
RF electron guns are capable of producing electron bunches with high brightness, which outperform DC electron guns and may even be able to provide electron beams for the ILC without the need for a damping ring. However, all successful existing guns for polarized electrons are DC guns because the environment inside an RF gun is hostile to the GaAs cathode material necessary for polarization. While the typical vacuum pressure in a DC gun is better than 10{sup -11} torr the vacuum in an RF gun is in the order of 10{sup -9} torr. Experiments at BINP Novosibirsk show that this leads to strong ion back-bombardment and generation of dark currents, which destroy the GaAs cathode in a short time. The situation might be much more favorable in a (super-conducting) SRF gun. The cryogenic pumping of the gun cavity walls may make it possible to maintain a vacuum close to 10{sup -12} torr, solving the problem of ion bombardment and dark currents. Of concern would be contamination of the gun cavity by evaporating cathode material. This report describes an experiment that Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in collaboration with Advanced Energy Systems (AES) is conducting to answer these questions.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Kewisch, J.; Ben-Zvi, Ilan; Rao, T.; Burrill, A.; Pate, D.; Grover, R. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Dynamics in Resonant Electron Collisions with SmallPolyatomic Molecules
None
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Rescigno, Thomas N.; McCurdy, C. William; Haxton, Daniel J.; Trevisan, Cynthia S. & Orel, Ann E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of the Branching Fraction, Polarization, and CP Asymmetries in B0->rho0rho0 Decay, and Implications for the CKM Angle alpha
We study B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup 0}{rho}{sup 0} decays in a sample of 465 x 10{sup 6} {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). We measure the branching fraction {Beta} = (0.92 {+-} 0.32 {+-} 0.14) x 10{sup -6} and longitudinal polarization fraction f{sub L} = 0.75{sub -0.14}{sup +0.11} {+-} 0.04, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The evidence for the B{sup 0} {yields} {rho}{sup 0}{rho}{sup 0} signal has a significance of 3.1 standard deviations, including systematic uncertainties. We investigate the proper-time dependence of the longitudinal component in the decay and measure the CP-violating coefficients S{sub L}{sup 00} = (0.3 {+-} 0.7 {+-} 0.2) and C{sub L}{sup 00} = (0.2 {+-} 0.8 {+-} 0.3). They study the implication of these results for the unitarity triangle angle {alpha}.
Date:
September 10, 2008
Creator:
Aubert, B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Images from Experiments Investigating Fragmentation of Materials
Image processing techniques have been used extensively to identify objects of interest in image data and extract representative characteristics for these objects. However, this can be a challenge due to the presence of noise in the images and the variation across images in a dataset. When the number of images to be analyzed is large, the algorithms used must also be relatively insensitive to the choice of parameters and lend themselves to partial or full automation. This not only avoids manual analysis which can be time consuming and error-prone, but also makes the analysis reproducible, thus enabling comparisons between images which have been processed in an identical manner. In this paper, we describe our approach to extracting features for objects of interest in experimental images. Focusing on the specific problem of fragmentation of materials, we show how we can extract statistics for the fragments and the gaps between them.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Kamath, C & Hurricane, O
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Hazard Categorization for the Remediation of the 116-C-3 Chemical Waste Tanks
This final hazard categorization (FHC) document examines the hazards, identifies appropriate controls to manage the hazards, and documents the commitments for the 116-C-3 Chemical Waste Tanks Remediation Project. The remediation activities analyzed in this FHC are based on recommended treatment and disposal alternatives described in the Engineering Evaluation for the Remediation to the 116-C-3 Chemical Waste Tanks (BHI 2005e).
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Blakley, T. M. & Schofield, W. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent Progress in a Beam-Beam Simulation Code for Circular Hadron Machines
While conventional tracking codes can readily provide higher-order optical quantities and give an estimate of dynamic apertures, they are unable to provide directly measurable quantities such as lifetimes and loss rates. The particle tracking framework Plibb aims at modeling a storage ring with sufficient accuracy and a sufficiently high number of turns and in the presence of beam-beam interactions to allow for an estimate of these quantities. We provide a description of new features of the codes; we also describe a novel method of treating chromaticity in ring sections in a symplectic fashion.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Kabel, Andreas; Fischer, Wolfram & Sen, Tanaji
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ionization of polarized 3He+ ions in EBIS trap with slanted electrostatic mirror.
Methods of producing the nuclear polarized {sup 3}He{sup +} ions and their ionization to {sup 3}H{sup ++} in ion trap of the electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) are discussed. Computer simulations show that injection and accumulation of {sup 3}He{sup +} ions in the EBIS trap with slanted electrostatic mirror can be very effective for injection times longer than the ion traversal time through the trap.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Pikin, A.; Zelenski, A.; Kponou, A.; Alessi, J.; Beebe, E.; Prelee, K. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uranium Metal Analysis via Selective Dissolution
Uranium metal, which is present in sludge held in the Hanford Site K West Basin, can create hazardous hydrogen atmospheres during sludge handling, immobilization, or subsequent transport and storage operations by its oxidation/corrosion in water. A thorough knowledge of the uranium metal concentration in sludge therefore is essential to successful sludge management and waste process design. The goal of this work was to establish a rapid routine analytical method to determine uranium metal concentrations as low as 0.03 wt% in sludge even in the presence of up to 1000-fold higher total uranium concentrations (i.e., up to 30 wt% and more uranium) for samples to be taken during the upcoming sludge characterization campaign and in future analyses for sludge handling and processing. This report describes the experiments and results obtained in developing the selective dissolution technique to determine uranium metal concentration in K Basin sludge.
Date:
September 10, 2008
Creator:
Delegard, Calvin H.; Sinkov, Sergey I.; Schmidt, Andrew J. & Chenault, Jeffrey W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
p-Carbon polarimetry at RHIC.
The polarization measurement through elastic ({rvec p},C) reaction plays a crucial role in the polarized proton beam operation of Relativistic Heavy Ion collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. As well as measuring the polarization, the unknown analyzing power A{sub N} of elastic ({rvec p},C) is determined as well in combination with the absolute polarization measurement by a H-jet polarimeter. The systematic uncertainty of the Run05 measurements are discussed as well as introducing the experimental apparatus of the polarimeter system.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Nakagawa,I.; Makdisi,Y.; Alekseev, I.; Bazilesky, A.; Bravar, A.; Bunce, G. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HIGH ENERGY HADRON POLARIMETRY.
Proton polarimetry at RHIC uses the interference of electromagnetic (EM) and hadronic scattering amplitudes. The EM spin-flip amplitude for protons is responsible for the proton's anomalous magnetic moment, and is large. This then generates a significant analyzing power for small angle elastic scattering. RHIC polarimetry has reached a 5% uncertainty on the beam polarization, and seem capable of reducing this uncertainty further. Polarized neutron beams ax also interesting for RHIC and for a polarized electron-polarized proton/ion collider in the fume. In this case, deuterons, for example, have a very small anomalous magnetic moment, making the approach used for protons impractical. Although it might be possible to use quasielastic scattering from the protons in the deuteron to monitor the polarization. 3-He beams can provide polarized neutrons, and do have a large anomalous magnetic moment, making a similar approach to proton polarimetry possible.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
BUNCE,G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Absolute Polarimetry at RHIC
Precise and absolute beam polarization measurements are critical for the RHIC spin physics program. Because all experimental spin-dependent results are normalized by beam polarization, the normalization uncertainty contributes directly to final physics uncertainties. We aimed to perform the beam polarization measurement to an accuracy Of {Delta}P{sub beam}/P{sub beam} < 5%. The absolute polarimeter consists of Polarized Atomic Hydrogen Gas Jet Target and left-right pairs of silicon strip detectors and was installed in the RHIC-ring in 2004. This system features proton-proton elastic scattering in the Coulomb nuclear interference (CNI) region. Precise measurements of the analyzing power A{sub N} of this process has allowed us to achieve {Delta}P{sub beam}/P{sub beam} = 4.2% in 2005 for the first long spin-physics run. In this report, we describe the entire set up and performance of the system. The procedure of beam polarization measurement and analysis results from 2004-2005 are described. Physics topics of AN in the CNI region (four-momentum transfer squared 0.001 < -t < 0.032 (GeV/c){sup 2}) are also discussed. We point out the current issues and expected optimum accuracy in 2006 and the future.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Okada, H.; Bravar, A.; Bunce, G.; Gill, R.; Huang, H.; Makdisi, Y. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Sona transition studies in the RHIC OPPIS.
In Optically Pumped Polarized Ion Sources (OPPIS), the atomic beam is first electron polarized, and then this polarization is transferred to the nucleus by a suitable perturbing magnetic field. In the BNL OPPIS, the electron polarized atomic beam experiences the perturbing field when it traverses a region where the axial magnetic field reverses direction in a controlled manner, strength and gradient. This is the so-called Sona Transition region, named after P. G. Sona, who fist suggested the technique. We have extensively studied how the magnetic field profile in the Sona region affects beam polarization. In these studies, we have observed oscillations in polarization for certain field profiles, and tried to explain them. We report on these studies.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Kponou,A.; Zelenski, A.; Kokhanovski, S. & Zubets, V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The RHIC Optically-Pumped Polarized H Ion Source.
The depolarization factors in the multi-step spin-transfer polarization technique and basic limitations on maximum polarization in the OPPIS (Optically-Pumped Polarized H{sup -} Ion Source) are discussed. Detailed studies of polarization losses in the RHIC OPPIS and the source parameters optimization resulted in the OPPIS polarization increase to 86-90%. This contributed to increasing polarization in the AGS and RHIC to 65-70%.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Zelenski,A.; Zelenski, A.; Kokhanovski, S.; Kponou, A.; Ritter, J. & Zubets, V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dosimetric Significance of the ICRP's Updated Guidance and Models, 1989-2003, and Implications for U.S. Federal Guidance
Over the past two decades the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a series of Federal guidance documents for the purpose of providing the Federal and State agencies with technical information to assist their implementation of radiation protection programs. Currently recommended dose conversion factors, annual limits on intake, and derived air concentrations for intake of radionuclides are tabulated in Federal Guidance Report No. 11 (FGR 11), published in 1988. The tabulations in FGR 11 were based on dosimetric quantities and biokinetic and dosimetric models of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) developed for application to occupational exposures. Since the publication of FGR 11 the ICRP has revised some of its dosimetric quantities and its models for workers and has also developed age-specific models and dose conversion factors for intake of radionuclides by members of the public. This report examines the extent of the changes in the inhalation and ingestion dose coefficients of FGR 11 implied by the updated recommendations of the ICRP, both for workers and members of the public.
Date:
September 10, 2003
Creator:
Leggett, R.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of time dependent CP asymmetry parameters in B0 meson decays to omegaKs, etaprimeKz, and pi0Ks
The authors present measurements of the time-dependent CP-violation parameters S and C in the decays B{sup 0} {yields} {omega}K{sub S}{sup 0}, B{sup 0} {yields} {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}, reconstructed as {eta}{prime}K{sub S}{sup 0} and {eta}{prime}K{sub L}{sup 0}, and B{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup 0}K{sub S}{sup 0}. The data sample corresponds to the full BABAR dataset of 467 x 10{sup 6} B{bar B} pairs produced at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The results are S{sub {omega}K{sub S}{sup 0}} = 0.55{sub -0.29}{sup +0.26} {+-} 0.02, C{sub {omega}K{sub S}{sup 0}} = -0.52{sub -0.20}{sup +0.22} {+-} 0.03, S{sub {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}} = 0.57 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.02, C{sub {eta}{prime}K{sup 0}} = -0.08 {+-} 0.06 {+-} 0.02, S{sub {pi}{sup 0}K{sub S}{sup 0}} = 0.55 {+-} 0.20 {+-} 0.03, and C{sub {pi}{sup 0}K{sub S}{sup 0}} = 0.13 {+-} 0.13 {+-} 0.03, where the first errors are statistical and the second systematic. These results are consistent with the previous measurements and the world average of sin2{beta} measured in B{sup 0} {yields} J/{psi}K{sub S}{sup 0}.
Date:
September 10, 2008
Creator:
Aubert, B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Storage and Aging Effects on Spherical Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Ion Exchange Performance
Bechtel National, Inc. (BNI) is evaluating the alternate Cs ion exchanger, spherical resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF), for use in the River Protection Project-Waste Treatment Plant (RPP-WTP).( ) Previous test activities with spherical RF indicate that it has adequate capacity, selectivity, and kinetics to perform in the plant according to the flowsheet needs. It appears to have better elution and hydraulic properties than the existing alternatives: ground-gel RF and SuperLig® 644 (SL 644).( ) To date, the spherical RF performance testing has been conducted on freshly manufactured resin (within ~2 months of manufacture). The ion exchange resins will be manufactured and shipped to the WTP up to 1 year before being used in the plant. Changes in the resin properties during storage could reduce the capacity of the resin to remove Cs from low-activity waste solutions. Active sites on organic SL-644 resin have been shown to degrade during storage (Arm et al. 2004). Additional testing was needed to study the effects of storage conditions and aging on spherical RF ion exchange performance. Variables that could have a significant impact on ion exchange resins during storage include storage temperature, medium, and time. Battelle—Pacific Northwest Division (PNWD) was contracted to test the effects of various …
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Fiskum, Sandra K.; Arm, Stuart T.; Edwards, Matthew K.; Steele, Marilyn J. & Thomas, Kathie K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Uncertainty and Sensitivity of Contaminant Travel Times from the Upgradient Nevada Test Site to the Yucca Mountain Area
Yucca Mountain (YM), Nevada, has been proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy as the nation’s first permanent geologic repository for spent nuclear fuel and highlevel radioactive waste. In this study, the potential for groundwater advective pathways from underground nuclear testing areas on the Nevada Test Site (NTS) to intercept the subsurface of the proposed land withdrawal area for the repository is investigated. The timeframe for advective travel and its uncertainty for possible radionuclide movement along these flow pathways is estimated as a result of effective-porosity value uncertainty for the hydrogeologic units (HGUs) along the flow paths. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the most influential HGUs on the advective radionuclide travel times from the NTS to the YM area. Groundwater pathways are obtained using the particle tracking package MODPATH and flow results from the Death Valley regional groundwater flow system (DVRFS) model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Effectiveporosity values for HGUs along these pathways are one of several parameters that determine possible radionuclide travel times between the NTS and proposed YM withdrawal areas. Values and uncertainties of HGU porosities are quantified through evaluation of existing site effective-porosity data and expert professional judgment and are incorporated in …
Date:
September 10, 2009
Creator:
Zhu, J.; Pohlmann, K.; Chapman, J.; Russell, C.; Carroll, R.W.H. & Shafer, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design of a free-electron laser driven by the LBNLlaser-plasma-accelerator
We discuss the design and current status of a compactfree-electron laser (FEL), generating ultra-fast, high-peak flux, VUVpulses driven by a high-current, GeV electron beam from the existingLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) laser-plasma accelerator,whose active acceleration length is only a few cm. The proposedultra-fast source would be intrinsically temporally synchronized to thedrive laser pulse, enabling pump-probe studies in ultra-fast science withpulse lengths of tens of fs. Owing to the high current (&10 kA) ofthe laser-plasma-accelerated electron beams, saturated output fluxes arepotentially greater than 1013 photons/pulse. Devices based both on SASEand high-harmonic generated input seeds, to reduce undulator length andfluctuations, are considered.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Schroeder, C. B.; Fawley, W. M.; Montgomery, A. L.; Robinson, K. E.; Gruner, F.; Bakeman, M. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alpha Radiolysis of Sorbed Water on Uranium Oxides and Uranium Oxyfluorides
The radiolysis of sorbed water and other impurities contained in actinide oxides has been the focus of a number of studies related to the establishment of criteria for the safe storage and transport of these materials. Gamma radiolysis studies have previously been performed on uranium oxides and oxyfluorides (UO{sub 3}, U{sub 3}O{sub 8}, and UO{sub 2}F{sub 2}) to evaluate the long-term storage characteristics of {sup 233}U. This report describes a similar study for alpha radiolysis. Uranium oxides and oxyfluorides (with {sup 238}U as the surrogate for {sup 233}U) were subjected to relatively high alpha radiation doses (235 to 634 MGy) by doping with {sup 244}Cm. The typical irradiation time for these samples was about 1.5 years, which would be equivalent to more than 50 years irradiation by a {sup 233}U sample. Both dry and wet (up to 10 wt % water) samples were examined in an effort to identify the gas pressure and composition changes that occurred as a result of radiolysis. This study shows that several competing reactions occur during radiolysis, with the net effect that only very low pressures of hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are generated from the water, nitrate, and carbon impurities, respectively, associated with the …
Date:
September 10, 2003
Creator:
Icenhour, A.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Isothermal Martensitic and Pressure-Induced ? to ?? Phase Transformations in a Pu-Ga Alloy
A Pu-2 at.% Ga alloy specimen is slowly compressed to {approx}1 GPa in a large volume moissanite anvil cell to induce the face-centered cubic {delta} to simple monoclinic {alpha}{prime} phase transformation. Optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy of the specimen recovered to ambient pressure reveal that the vast majority of the microstructure consists of the {alpha}{prime} phase with grain sizes ranging from 10 nm to several hundred nm, with the remainder being {delta} phase dispersed between the {alpha}{prime} grains. This morphology is in contrast to the transformation product of the low-temperature isothermal martensite in which the lath-shaped {alpha}{prime} particles are {approx}20 {micro}m by 2 {micro}m.
Date:
September 10, 2007
Creator:
Schwartz, A. J.; Wall, M. A.; Farber, D. L.; Moore, K. T. & Blobaum, K. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library