"The cooling characteristics of three R-1830-94 engines, two of which were mounted in a test stand and the other in a B-24D airplane, were investigated and the results were compared. The flight tests were made at a pressure altitude of 7000 feet; the test-stand runs were made at ground-level atmospheric conditions. Three cooling runs were made for each engine: variable cooling-air pressure drop, variable carburetor-air flow, and variable fuel-air ratio" (p. 1).