Scientific problems of fusion, solved and to be solved (open access)

Scientific problems of fusion, solved and to be solved

A good comprehensive review of research progress and the present status of research on inertial confinement, tokamak device, and magnetic mirror technology is given. (MOW)
Date: November 4, 1977
Creator: Post, Richard F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Power system development: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). Preliminary design report: appendices, Part 2 (Final) (open access)

Power system development: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). Preliminary design report: appendices, Part 2 (Final)

The objective of this project is the development of a preliminary design for a full-sized, closed cycle, ammonia power system module for the 100 MWe OTEC demonstration plant. In turn, this demonstration plant is to demonstrate, by 1984, the operation and performance of an Ocean Thermal Power Plant having sufficiently advanced heat exchanger design to project economic viability for commercial utilization in the late 1980's and beyond. Included in this power system development are the preliminary designs for a proof-of-concept pilot plant and test article heat exchangers which are scaled in such a manner as to support a logically sequential, relatively low-cost development of the full-scale power system module. The conceptual designs are presented for the demonstration plant power module, the proof-of-concept pilot plant, and for a pair of test article heat exchangers. Costs associated with the design, development, fabrication, checkout, delivery, installation, and operation are included. The accompanying design and producibilty studies on the full-scale power system module project the performance/economics for the commercial plant. This section of the report contains appendices on the electrical system, instrumentation and control, ammonia pump evaluation study, ammonia and nitrogen support subsystems, piping and support design calculations, and plant availability. (WHK)
Date: December 4, 1978
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Design of an eight-megawatt series regulator (open access)

Design of an eight-megawatt series regulator

An 8-MW, 100 percent duty cycle, hard tube series regulator used to control the accelerating voltage of a neutral beam source is described. The series tube is a developmental switch/regulator tube capable of holding off 200 kV passing 85 A, and dissipating 2 MW of anode power. The regulator has high-speed interrupt capability to minimize the power delivered to the load in the event of a load fault. Its design is such that it can be used to regulate both positive and negative accelerating voltages. All reference/control signals between the modulator and the control station use optical links to minimize noise interference and ground loop problems. In all cases of optical coupling, the loss of light is the worst-case condition, i.e., loss of light turns off the regulator. The fast interrupt is accomplished by rapid removal of the screen grid voltage from the series tube, and then driving the control grid into cutoff. After the control grid is in cutoff the screen is allowed to recover, and the regulator is then ready to switch back on. The regulator tube driver is a straightforward dc-coupled amplifier with a cathode follower output; dc isolation between various sections of the modulator is accomplished …
Date: October 4, 1977
Creator: DeVore, K.R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Responsibilities, opportunities and challenges in geophysical exploration (open access)

Responsibilities, opportunities and challenges in geophysical exploration

Geophysical exploration for engineering purposes is conducted to decrease the risk in encountering site uncertainties in construction of underground facilities. Current responsibilities, opportunities and challenges for those with geophysical expertise are defined. These include: replacing the squiggly line format, developing verification sites for method evaluations, applying knowledge engineering and assuming responsibility for crucial national problems involving rock mechanics expertise.
Date: May 4, 1982
Creator: Rytle, R. J.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Simulation of automatic control of MFTF-B neutral beams (open access)

Simulation of automatic control of MFTF-B neutral beams

This report describes the results obtained by using data generated at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory's MFS Test Facility as input to the filtering and control programs developed at LBL. Graphs that illustrate the source models/filters performance, as well as some conditioning history are included. Probable sources of error are discussed.
Date: March 4, 1985
Creator: Theil, E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic and inertial fusion status and development plans (open access)

Magnetic and inertial fusion status and development plans

Controlled fusion, pursued by investigators in both the magnetic and inertial confinement research programs, continues to be a strong candidate as an intrinsically safe and virtually inexhaustible long-term energy source. We describe the status of magnetic and inertial confinement fusion in terms of the accomplishments made by the research programs for each concept. The improvement in plasma parameters (most frequently discussed in terms of the Tn tau product of ion temperature, T, density, n, and confinement time, tau) can be linked with the construction and operation of experimental facilities. The scientific progress exhibited by larger scale fusion experiments within the US, such as Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory's Fusion Test Reactor for magnetic studies and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Nova laser for inertial studies, has been optimized by the theoretical advances in plasma and computational physics. Both TFTR and Nova have exhibited ion temperatures in excess of 10 keV at confinement parameters of n tau near 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/ . sec. At slightly lower temperatures (near a few keV), the value of n tau has exceeded 10/sup 14/ cm/sup -3/ . sec in both devices. Near-term development plans in fusion research include experiments within the US, Europe, and Japan to …
Date: December 4, 1987
Creator: Correll, D. & Storm, E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sources of data for biodose simulations used in bedded salt repository analysis (open access)

Sources of data for biodose simulations used in bedded salt repository analysis

Sources of parameter data for BIODOSE simulations are documented. These simulations were used in bedded salt repository analysis. Water system parameters are presented for a southwestern river system (patterned after the lower Colorado River). Nuclide-specific parameters are given also.
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Duffy, J.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
User's manual for biosphere and dose simulation program (Biodose) (open access)

User's manual for biosphere and dose simulation program (Biodose)

This user's manual describes the BIOsphere Transport and DOSE program (BIODOSE) prepared for, and delivered to, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL) by the Analytic Sciences Corporation (TASC). BIODOSE simulates the transport of radionuclides in surface water systems and the resulting concentration of nuclides in the food chain. It includes the prediction of human dosage risks for individuals and for populations resulting from release of radionuclides into surface water or well water. The BIODOSE program was designed for easy use, including standard defaults and a flexible input scheme.
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Duffy, J.J. & Bogar, G.P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
New concept for pumping the edge plasma (open access)

New concept for pumping the edge plasma

A new concept is proposed for pumped limiter designs that allows more flexibility and therefore better control of the edge plasma and its recycling at the limiter than previous designs.
Date: April 4, 1985
Creator: Barr, W.L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Status of Measurements for Radiation Protection (open access)

Status of Measurements for Radiation Protection

The Dose Equivalent Index (DEI) has been proposed as a dosimetric standard. We have considered the impact of the change on health physics instrumentation measurements and have evaluated the probable errors of representative instruments for measuring the DEI. Little change is found from earlier slab standards. A more important consideration is the appropriateness of the use of the DEI as a dosimetric standard. The DEI may be satisfactory from a conservative viewpoint, but is not necessarily proportional to the true radiological risks involved. An alternate parameter (such as the 1 cm depth dose equivalent for an isotropically irradiated 30 cm sphere as suggested by Kramer) may be more appropriate.
Date: December 4, 1981
Creator: Armantrout, G. A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Studies of the dissolution of geothermal scale (open access)

Studies of the dissolution of geothermal scale

Samples of geothermal scale formed from Magmamax No. 1 and Woolsey No. 1 wells in the Imperial Valley, Calif., were exposed to concentrated and dilute solutions of common laboratory reagents. The time of exposure and temperature of the reagent were also varied. Several reagents easily dissolved significant amounts of the scale. An in situ test was performed with marginal success.
Date: February 4, 1980
Creator: Deutscher, S.B.; Ross, D.M.; Quong, R. & Harrar, J.E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Delta-t protocol specification: working draft (open access)

Delta-t protocol specification: working draft

This document is one of a series describing protocols associated with the Livermore Interactive Network Communication System (LINCS) hierarchical architecture. At the heart of LINCS is its basic interprocess communication (LINCS-IPC) service. LINCS-IPC defines a reliable, flow controlled, full duplex, uninterpreted, labeled bit stream communication service. LINCS-IPC is level 4 in the LINCS architecture. Level 3 of LINCS is the Network layer defining an internetwork datagram type service. LINCS-IPC interfaces to User processes that utilize higher level syntactic and semantic conventions for process interaction. The transport service provided by the Delta-t protocol can be considered a sublayer of the LINCS-IPC layer. Delta-t augments the Network level service as required to support LINCS-IPC. This document specifies the services provided by the Delta-t protocol to support LINCS-IPC, the operation of Delta-t, and the services Delta-t requires of the Network level. This document was written to be self-contained but the reader will find it useful to have available for reference the LINCS-IPC and LINCS DeltaGram Network layer protocol specifications. Implementations are underway in Pascal for the PDP-11 running under RT11 and RX11, in BLISS for the VAX running under VMS, in MODEL for the CRAY-1 and CDC 7600 running under NLTSS and LTSS, …
Date: December 4, 1981
Creator: Watson, R.W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Use of notched beams to establish fracture criteria for beryllium (open access)

Use of notched beams to establish fracture criteria for beryllium

The fracture of an improved form of pure beryllium was studied under triaxial tensile stresses. This state of stress was produced by testing notched beams, which were thick enough to be in a state of plane strain at the center. A plane strain, elastic-incremental plasticity finite element program was then used to determine the stress and strain distributions at fracture. A four-point bend fixture was used to load the specimens. It was carefully designed and manufactured to eliminate virtually all of the shear stresses at the reduced section of the notched beams. The unixial properties were obtained.
Date: January 4, 1980
Creator: Mayville, R.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion power system development. Phase I: preliminary design. Final report (open access)

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion power system development. Phase I: preliminary design. Final report

Westinghouse has completed the Preliminary Desigh Phase for the Power System Development of the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Demonstration Plant project. This study included the development of a preliminary design for a Modular Application scaled power system (10MWe) and Heat Exchanger Test Articles, both based on the concept developed in the Conceptual Design Phase. The results of this study were used to improve the baseline design of the 50MWe module for the Commercial Size Power System, which was recommended for the demonstration plant by the conceptual design study. The 50MWe module was selected since it has the lowest cost, and since its size convincingly demonstrates that future economically viable commercial plants, having reliable operation with credible anticipated costs, are possible. Additional optimization studies on the size of the power system plus hull continue to identify 50MWe as the preferred minimum cost configuration. This study was limited to a closed cycle ammonia power system module, using a seawater temperature difference of 40/sup 0/F, and a surface platform/ship reference hull. This volume presents the preliminary design configuration and system optimization. (WHK)
Date: December 4, 1978
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Initial assessment of the MHD stability of TMX-U (open access)

Initial assessment of the MHD stability of TMX-U

In its operation to date TMX-U has reached values of beta which, for all except the hot electron beta, are close to the proposal values and has not encountered MHD stability problems. The hot electron beta values are presently limited by gyrotron output power and pulse length as well as ion confinement time. Further exploration of stability awaits full thermal barrier operation.
Date: August 4, 1983
Creator: Nexsen, W. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Computation of magnetic coordinates and action-angle variables (open access)

Computation of magnetic coordinates and action-angle variables

We have developed a new algorithm for calculating magnetic surfaces and coordinates for a given three-dimensional magnetic field. The algorithm serves also to solve the equivalent problem of computing invariant tori and action-angle variables for a one-dimensional time-dependent numerically specified Hamiltonian (or a two-dimensional time-independent Hamiltonian). Our approach combines features of both iterative and trajectory following methods. This allows us to overcome the inefficiency of trajectory following methods near low order rational surfaces, while retaining some of the robustness of these methods. 26 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.
Date: October 4, 1989
Creator: Reiman, A.H. & Pomphrey, N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Interactive computerized laboratory data management system (open access)

Interactive computerized laboratory data management system

In support of this effort, an average of 55 samples with approximately 4 analyses per sample comes into the ICPP analytical laboratory each day. Information concerning these samples, the 60 people handling the samples, and the 90 methods of running samples is registered, processed, and accessed daily. A manual paper system was found to be inadequate for an efficient, accurate, interacting network; thus, the need for a more spontaneous system emanated. The Analytical Laboratory Computer System is designed to automate and streamline the generation and storage of this data and to increase the credibility of sample results. A 256 K byte Data General Eclipse C/300, a 62 K byte Hewlett-Packard 9845A, and 8 Tetronix 4023 terminals are being used to achieve this goal. The Eclipse is used for data input-output and the calculation and bias correction of laboratory results; the 9845 computer is used for data manipulation for quality control. Utilization of the data provides some powerful tools in such areas as quality control, data classification, and analyst/method performance evaluation. The simplicity and clarity of operating the system as well as the complexities of design and implementation are also discussed.
Date: December 4, 1979
Creator: Mirrop, C. A.; Baldwin, J. M.; Camarata, A. R.; Halverson, G. D.; Hand, R. L.; Wade, M. A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
GNEP ? Material Transportation, Storage & Disposal Analysis FY-07 Summary Report (open access)

GNEP ? Material Transportation, Storage & Disposal Analysis FY-07 Summary Report

None
Date: October 4, 2007
Creator: Halsey, W.; Wigeland, R.; Nutt, M.; Bauer, T.; Smith, J. D.; Sorensen, K. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Z' Coupling Information From LHeC (open access)

Z' Coupling Information From LHeC

None
Date: April 4, 2008
Creator: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
R. Bruce Merrifield and Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: A Historical Assessment (open access)

R. Bruce Merrifield and Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: A Historical Assessment

Bruce Merrifield, trained as a biochemist, had to address three major challenges related to the development and acceptance of solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The challenges were (1) to reduce the concept of peptide synthesis on a insoluble support to practice, (2) overcome the resistance of synthetic chemists to this novel approach, and (3) establish that a biochemist had the scientific credentials to effect the proposed revolutionary change in chemical synthesis. How these challenges were met is discussed in this article.
Date: December 4, 2007
Creator: Mitchell, A R
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Resonant Soft X-Ray Contrast Variation Methods as Composition-Specific Probes of Thin Polymer Film Structure (open access)

Resonant Soft X-Ray Contrast Variation Methods as Composition-Specific Probes of Thin Polymer Film Structure

We have developed complementary soft x-ray scattering and reflectometry techniques that allow for the morphological analysis of thin polymer films without resorting to chemical modification or isotopic 2 labeling. With these techniques, we achieve significant, x-ray energy-dependent contrast between carbon atoms in different chemical environments using soft x-ray resonance at the carbon edge. Because carbon-containing samples absorb strongly in this region, the scattering length density depends on both the real and imaginary parts of the atomic scattering factors. Using a model polymer film of poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate), we show that the soft x-ray reflectivity data is much more sensitive to these atomic scattering factors than the soft x-ray scattering data. Nevertheless, fits to both types of data yield useful morphological details on the polymer?slamellar structure that are consistent with each other and with literature values.
Date: April 4, 2008
Creator: Welch, Cynthia; Welch, Cynthia F.; Hjelm, Rex P.; Mang, Joseph T.; Hawley, Marilyn E.; Wrobleski, Debra A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Breaking the Curse of Cardinality on Bitmap Indexes (open access)

Breaking the Curse of Cardinality on Bitmap Indexes

Bitmap indexes are known to be efficient for ad-hoc range queries that are common in data warehousing and scientific applications. However, they suffer from the curse of cardinality, that is, their efficiency deteriorates as attribute cardinalities increase. A number of strategies have been proposed, but none of them addresses the problem adequately. In this paper, we propose a novel binned bitmap index that greatly reduces the cost to answer queries, and therefore breaks the curse of cardinality. The key idea is to augment the binned index with an Order-preserving Bin-based Clustering (OrBiC) structure. This data structure significantly reduces the I/O operations needed to resolve records that cannot be resolved with the bitmaps. To further improve the proposed index structure, we also present a strategy to create single-valued bins for frequent values. This strategy reduces index sizes and improves query processing speed. Overall, the binned indexes with OrBiC great improves the query processing speed, and are 3 - 25 times faster than the best available indexes for high-cardinality data.
Date: April 4, 2008
Creator: Wu, Kesheng; Wu, Kesheng; Stockinger, Kurt & Shoshani, Arie
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tables of specifications and requirements for 1.0 MJ targets for 2010 ignition on NIF (open access)

Tables of specifications and requirements for 1.0 MJ targets for 2010 ignition on NIF

None
Date: October 4, 2005
Creator: Haan, S W; Deis, G; Klingmann, J & Wilson, D
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coherent Electromagnetic Effects in High-Current Particle Accelerators: [Part] 3. Electromagnetic-Coupling Instabilities in a Coasting Beam (open access)

Coherent Electromagnetic Effects in High-Current Particle Accelerators: [Part] 3. Electromagnetic-Coupling Instabilities in a Coasting Beam

The electromagnetic interaction of an intense relativistic coasting beam with itself, including the effect of a confining nonperfect vacuum tank, or a quiescent rf cavity, is investigated theoretically. It is shown that the resonances that may occur between harmonics of the particle circulation frequencies and the electromagnetic modes of the cavities can lead to a longitudinal instability of the beam. A criterion for stability of the beam against such longitudinal bunching is obtained as a restriction on the shunt impedance of the rf cavity, or the Q of the vacuum tank. This criterion contains the energy spread and intensity of the coasting beam, as well as the parameters of the accelerator. Numerical examples are given which indicate that in general the resonances with the vacuum tank will not cause instabilities, while those with an rf cavity can be prevented from causing instabilities by choosing the shunt impedance at a sufficiently low but still convenient value.
Date: August 4, 1960
Creator: Laslett, L. J.; Neil, V. Kelvin & Sessler, A. M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library