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New approaches to linear and nonlinear programming
During the last twelve months, research has concentrated on barrier- function methods for linear programming (LP) and quadratic programming (QP). Some ground-work for the application of barrier methods to nonlinearly constrained problems has also begun. In our previous progress report we drew attention to the difficulty of developing robust implementations of barrier methods for LP. We have continued to refine both the primal algorithm and the dual algorithm. We still do not claim that the barrier algorithms are as robust as the simplex method; however, the dual algorithm has solved all the problems in our extensive test set. We have also gained some experience with using the algorithms to solve aircrew scheduling problems.
Date:
March 1, 1990
Creator:
Murray, W. & Saunders, M.A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cross-flow, filter-sorbent catalyst for particulate, SO sub 2 and NO sub x control
This synopsis describes a new concept for integrated pollutant control: a cross-flow filter comprised of layered, gas permeable membranes that act as a particulate filter, an SO{sub 2} sorbent, and a NO{sub x} reduction catalyst.
Date:
March 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Theoretical atomic collision physics
The current focus of the research is low-energy (collision v<<bound v{sub e}) inelastic collisions for selected systems that possess the characteristic that many intermediate states are strongly coupled, such as can occur in classes of excited-atom (including Rydberg atom) collisions with atoms, molecules and positive and negative ions: (1) We are interested in the dependence of various differential and total cross sections on the angular momentum of the initial excited state and on the alignment of the initial electron charge distribution (for non-spherical initially excited states). (2) We wish to understand how characteristics of the classical trajectories (in CTMC calculations), e.g. multiple encounters, quasi-periodicity, chaos, relate to characteristics of the probability (scattering) amplitudes obtained from semiclassical (quantum mechanical) treatments. (3) In particular, in order to investigate a range of interaction regimes,'' we have proposed to study low-Rydberg-atom collisions with: ions and polar molecules (long range interaction); non-polar molecules and atoms (short-range interaction); as well as electron-attaching atoms/molecules (transient electron capture possible). (4) We plan to look for observable signatures of possibly novel intracollisional interference effects and quasi-vibrational resonance effects that may occur in low-Rydberg collisions.
Date:
March 9, 1992
Creator:
Lane, N.F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transportation energy data book: Edition 12
The Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 12 is a statistical compendium prepared and published by Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract with the Office of Transportation Technologies in the Department of Energy. Designed for use as a desk-top reference, the data book represents an assembly and display of statistics and information that characterize transportation activity, and presents data on other factors that influence transportation energy use. The purpose of this document is to present relevant statistical data in the form of tables and graphs. Each of the major transportation modes--highway, air, water, rail, pipeline--is treated in separate chapters or sections. Chapter 1 compares US transportation data with data from seven other countries. Aggregate energy use and energy supply data for all modes are presented in Chapter 2. The highway mode, which accounts for over three-fourths of total transportation energy consumption, is dealt with in Chapter 3. Topics in this chapter include automobiles, trucks, buses, fleet automobiles, federal standards, fuel economies, and vehicle emission data. Household travel behavior characteristics are displayed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 contains information on alternative fuels and alternatively-fueled vehicles. The last chapter, Chapter 6, covers each of the nonhighway modes: air, water, pipeline, and rail, respectively.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Davis, S.C. & Morris, M.D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project
The Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Integrated Topping Cycle (ITC) Project represents the culmination of the proof-of-concept (POC) development stage in the US Department of Energy (DOE) program to advance MHD technology to early commercial development stage utility power applications. The project is a joint effort, combining the skills of three topping cycle component developers: TRW, Avco/TDS, and Westinghouse. TRW, the prime contractor and system integrator, is responsible for the 50 thermal megawatt (50 MW{sub t}) slagging coal combustion subsystem. Avco/TDS is responsible for the MHD channel subsystem (nozzle, channel, diffuser, and power conditioning circuits), and Westinghouse is responsible for the current consolidation subsystem. The ITC Project will advance the state-of-the-art in MHD power systems with the design, construction, and integrated testing of 50 MW{sub t} power train components which are prototypical of the equipment that will be used in an early commercial scale MHD utility retrofit. Long duration testing of the integrated power train at the Component Development and Integration Facility (CDIF) in Butte, Montana will be performed, so that by the early 1990's, an engineering data base on the reliability, availability, maintainability and performance of the system will be available to allow scaleup of the prototypical designs to the next development …
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Re-powering and site recycling in a competitive environment
Re-powering and site recycling are strategies designed to expand electric generating capacity by using depreciated assets. The resource base for the these strategies is large. By 1995, over 170,000 MW of fossil-fired capacity will be in excess of thirty years old, and approaching the end of its conventional economic lifetime. This paper explores how these assets might be developed using competitive market forces. While some re-powering is being pursued under traditional ratebase regulation, there are four other generic alternatives. These are: (1) utility investment at fixed prices with regulatory pre-approval, (2) utility investment under competitive bidding, (3) utility leasing for private producer development, and (4) utility sale of sites for private producer development. Issues associated with each alternative are explored and illustrated with examples. State regulatory policy will be the critical determinant of whether a market develops for depreciated power plants. Financial incentives will stimulate utilities to re-deploy depreciated assets. This means some form of profit-sharing between customers and shareholders of the grains from asset sales. Different approaches to profit sharing are reviewed. These developments are still in an experimental state, however, and no single approach appears to have emerged as a dominant trend. 36 refs., 1 tab.
Date:
March 1, 1991
Creator:
Taylor, A. & Kahn, E.P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Resonance Raman and photophysical studies of transition metal complexes in solution and entrapped in zeolites
We have obtained convincing evidence for localization of the optical electron on a single-ring fragment of a chelated bipyridine-like'' ligand (ie., pyridylpyrazine or 4-Methyl-bipyridine). In addition we have completed studies of Ru(bipyrazine){sub 3}{sup 2+} in aqueous sulfuric acid (0--98% by weight) and find clear evidence for sequential addition of six-protons to the six peripheral nitrogen atoms. Studies of zeolite-entrapped complexes are continuing and a series of homo- and heteroleptic complexes have been prepared and characterized. Finally, the synthesis of zeolite-entrapped metallophthalocyanines has now been developed and the copper and cobalt analogues synthesized. The characterization of these materials is now in progress.
Date:
March 31, 1992
Creator:
Kincaid, J.R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy education on the move: A national energy education survey and case studies of outstanding programs
Energy education, defined as communication that is designed to influence people's energy usage, has been conducted in one form or another by a wide range of organizations since long before the energy crisis of 1973. Energy education is undertaken by a broad range of public, private, non-profit and utility organizations for a variety of purposes. Each program has a unique message, audience and objectives. Although many energy education programs are still in the early stages of development, some of the programs have been evaluated and show promising results. In an effort to consolidate, describe, and communicate information about the broad range of energy education efforts in this country, a survey was conducted. The surveys were developed to determine who provides energy education, what methods they use, and whether they evaluate the results. The results of the surveys are described and analyzed in the second section of this three-tiered report.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Harrigan, M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Parameterization of convective clouds, mesoscale convective systems, and convective-generated cirrus
A level 2.5w deep convection updraft/downdraft parameterization scheme has been refined and tested against 3D simulations of sea-breeze generated convection over S. Florida. Cases for explicit simulation of MCSs in mid-latitudes and tropics have been encouraging. After a few refinements in those cases, fine resolution explicit simualtions of deep convection and mesoscale, stratiform clouds will be begun.
Date:
March 3, 1992
Creator:
Cotton, W.R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Network load of X terminals at CDF
As an aid to planning future usage of X terminals, the authors measured the network bandwidth used by X terminals on a single Ethernet in a typical application environment at Fermilab. The objectives were twofold. The first objective was to identify the impact of adding one more X terminal onto the CDF Ethernet . The second objective was to determine the maximum number of X terminals allowable on the CDF network. The findings reveal that an X terminal in this environment used, on average, 431 + /{minus}45 bytes/second. This is quite small compared to the utilizable bandwidth of the thinwire Ethernet network (375 Kilobytes/second, equivalent to 30% of total bandwidth). This amounts to an averaged load of .034% on the network per X terminal. This paper addresses the network load solely. It does not address the loads imposed by X terminals on the memory and CPU of the host systems.
Date:
March 1, 1992
Creator:
Abar, F.; O'Reilly, C. & Wicklund, E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analytical Electron Microscopy Characterization of Fernald soils. Annual Report, October 1993 - September 1994
A combination of backscattered electron imaging and analytical electron microscopy (AEM) with electron diffraction have been used to determine the physical and chemical properties of uranium contamination in soils from the Fernald Environmental Management Project in Ohio. The information gained from these studies has been used in the development and testing of remediation technologies.
Date:
March 1995
Creator:
Buck, E. C.; Brown, N. R. & Dietz, N. L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OTTER 2.0 Users Guide
OTTER (Organized Techniques for Theorem-proving and Effective Research) is a resolution-style theorem-proving program for first-order logic with equality. OTTER includes the inference rules binary resolution, hyperresolution, URresolution, and binary paramodulation. Some of its other abilities are conversion from first-order formulas to clauses, forward and back subsumption, factoring, weighting, answer literals, term ordering, forward and back demodulation, evaluable functions and predicates, and Knuth-Bendix completion. OTTER is coded in C, it is free, and it is portable to many different kinds of computers.
Date:
March 1990
Creator:
McCune, William W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Annual Technical Report
Highlights of the Chemical Technology (CMT) Division's activities during 1989 are presented. In this period, CMT conducted research and development in the following areas: (1) electrochemical technology, including high-performance batteries (mainly lithium/iron sulfide and sodium/metal chloride), aqueous batteries (lead-acid and nickel/iron), and advanced fuel cells with molten carbonate and solid oxide electrolytes; (2) coal utilization, including the heat and seed recovery technology for coal-fired magnetohydrodynamics plants and the technology for fluidized-bed combustion; (3) method, for recovery of energy from municipal waste and techniques for treatment of hazardous organic waste; (4) nuclear technology related to a process for separating and recovering transuranic elements from nuclear waste and for producing 99Mo from low-enriched uranium targets, the recovery processes for discharged fuel and the uranium blanket in a sodium-cooled fast reactor (the Integral Fast Reactor), and waste management; and (5) physical chemistry of selected materials in environments simulating those of fission and fusion energy systems.
Date:
March 1990
Creator:
Argonne National Laboratory. Chemical Technology Division.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kxp and kxpl : a Busy Man's LaTeX
This report introduces the following programs: kxp: a time-saving LaTeX preprocessor, kxpl: kxp plus latex, kxh: a help facility for kxp and LaTex, ptex: a program for printing a LaTeX document, and pptex: a program for printing parts of a LaTeX document. More detailed descriptions will be given in Part 2: A Reference Manual. The appendix gives instructions on how to use Argonne's Mathematics and Computer Science Division letterhead and intralaboratory memo L(sup A)T(sub E)X styles.
Date:
March 1991
Creator:
Kwong, Man Kam
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Detection and Location of Leaks in District Heating Steam Systems: Survey and Review of Current Technology and Practices
This report presents the results of a survey undertaken to identify and characterize current practices for detecting and locating leaks in district heating systems, particular steam systems. Currently used technology and practices are reviewed. In addition, the survey was used to gather information that may be important for the application of acoustic leak detection. A few examples of attempts to locate leaks in steam and hot water pipes by correlation of acoustic signals generated by the leaks are also discussed.
Date:
March 1992
Creator:
Kupperman, D. S.; Raptis, A. C. & Lanham, R. L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Monitoring and Control of TRUEX Processes
The Generic TRUEX Model (GTM) was used to design a flowsheet for the TRUEX solvent extraction process that would be used to determine its instrumentation and control requirements. Sensitivity analyses of the key process variables, namely, the aqueous and organic flow rates, feed compositions, and the number of contactor stages, were carried out to assess their impact on the operation of the TRUEX process. Results of these analyses provide a basis for the selection of an instrument and control system and the eventual implementation of a control algorithm. Volume Two of this report is an evaluation of the instruments available for measuring many of the physical parameters. Equations that model the dynamic behavior of the TRUEX process have been generated. These equations can be used to describe the transient or dynamic behavior of the process for a given flowsheet in accordance with the TRUEX model. Further work will be done with the dynamic model to determine how and how quickly the system responds to various perturbations. The use of perturbation analysis early in the design stage will lead to a robust flowsheet, namely, one that will meet all process goals and allow for wide control bounds. The process time delay, …
Date:
March 1992
Creator:
Regalbuto, M. C.; Misra, B.; Chamberlain, D. B.; Leonard, R. A. & Vandegrift, G. F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Vehicle/Guideway Interaction in Maglev Systems
Dynamic interactions between the vehicle and guideway in a high-speed ground transportation system based on magnetically levitated (maglev) vehicles were studied, with an emphasis on the effects of vehicle and guideway parameters. Two dynamic models for the vehicle are presented. In one model, the vehicle is considered to be a moving force traveling at various speeds on a simply supported single- or two-span beam. In the second model, the vehicle is considered to be one-dimensional and has two degrees of freedom; this model consists of the primary and secondary suspensions of the vehicle, with lumped masses, linear springs, and dampings. The Bernoulli-Euler beam equation is used to model the characteristics of a flexible guideway, and the guideway synthesis is based on modal analysis. Analyses were performed to gain an understanding of response characteristics under various loading conditions and to provide benchmark data for verification of existing comprehensive computer programs and some basic design guidelines for maglev systems. Finally, the German Transrapid maglev system was evaluated.
Date:
March 1992
Creator:
Cai, Y.; Chen, Shoei-Sheng & Rote, D. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Effects of the Glass Surface Area/Solution Volume Ratio on Glass Corrosion: a Critical Review
This report reviews and summarizes the present state of knowledge regarding the effects of the glass surface area/solution volume (SA/V) ratio on the corrosion behavior of borosilicate waste glasses.
Date:
March 1995
Creator:
Ebert, William L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ANL Technical Support Program for DOE Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Annual Report October 1990 - September 1991
A program has been established for DOE Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (EM) to evaluate factors that are likely to affect waste glass reaction during repository disposal, with emphasis on an unsaturated environment typical of what may be expected for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository site.
Date:
March 1992
Creator:
Bates, John K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gas Generation from Hanford Grout Samples : Final Report
The radiolytic yields of hydrogen nitrogen, oxygen, nitrous oxide, and carbon monoxide from two batches of WHC-supplied samples of grouted simulated waste have been (gamma) irradiated at several dose rates (0.025, 0.63 and 130 krad/h for hydrogen and 130 krad/h for all other gases). In one batch, the liquid waste simulant that was added to the grout included the original components that were added to Tank 102-AP (labeled "virgin" waste.) The second batch included a similar liquid waste simulant that was preirradiated to 35 Mrad prior to incorporation into the grout. It is believed that the preirradiated samples more closely represent radioactive waste that was stored in the tank for several years. The lowest dose rate corresponds approximately to that expected in the grout; with the high dose rate, doses equivalent to about 85 years storage in grout vaults were achieved. Most of the results on the batch of virgin samples have been reported recently (Report ANL 93/42). Here we report the results from the batch of preirradiated grout samples and compare the results from the two batches. The radiolytic yields of hydrogen and nitrogen are lower in the preirradiated than in the virgin grout. On the other hand G(oxygen) …
Date:
March 1994
Creator:
Jonah, Charles D.; Kapoor, S.; Matheson, Max S.; Mulac, W. A. & Meisel, Dan
System:
The UNT Digital Library
BlockSolve v1. 1: Scalable Library Software for the Parallel Solution of Sparse Linear Systems
BlockSolve is a software library for solving large, sparse systems of linear equations on massively parallel computers. The matrices must be symmetric, but may have an arbitrary sparsity structure. BlockSolve is a portable package that is compatible with several different message-passing pardigms. This report gives detailed instructions on the use of BlockSolve in applications programs.
Date:
March 1993
Creator:
Jones, Mark T. & Plassmann, Paul E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lead Exposures and Biological Responses in Military Weapons Systems: Aerosol Characteristics and Acute Lead Effects among US Army Artillerymen: Final Report
This study was to determine the concentration and chemical nature of lead (Pb) aerosols produced during the firing of artillery and to determine the exposures and biological responses of crew members exposed to lead aerosols during such firing. The concentrations of lead-containing aerosols at crew positions depended on wind conditions, with higher concentrations when firing into a head wind. Aerosol concentrations were highest in the muzzle blast zone. Concentrations of lead in the blood of crew members rose during the first 12 days of exposure to elevated airborne lead concentrations and then leveled off. There was no rapid decrease in blood lead concentrations after completion of firing. Small decreases in hematocrit and small increases in free erythrocyte porphyrin were correlated with increasing exposure to airborne lead. These changes were reversed by seven weeks after firing. Changes in nerve conduction velocity had borderline statistical significance to airborne lead exposure. In measuring nerve conduction velocity, differences in skin temperature must be taken into account.
Date:
March 1993
Creator:
Bhattacharyya, M. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Guidelines to Achieve Seals with Minimal Leak Rates for HWR-NPR Coolant System Components
Existing technology for seal systems was reviewed with regard to flange, elastomer, valve, and pump design. A technology data base for the designers of the HWR-NPR coolant system was derived from operating experience and seal development work on reactors in the United States, Canada, and Europe. This data base was then used to generate guidelines for the design of seals and/or joints for the HWR-NPR coolant system. Also discussed are needed additional research and development, as well as the necessary component qualification tests for an effective quality control program.
Date:
March 1991
Creator:
Finn, P. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dissolution Characteristics of Mixed UO₂ Powders in J-13 Water Under Saturated Conditions
The Yucca Mountain Project/Spent Fuel program at Argonne National Laboratory is designed to determine radionuclide release rates by exposing high-level waste to repository-relevant groundwater. To gain experience for the tests with spent fuel, a scoping experiment was conducted at room temperature to determine the uranium release rate from an unirradiated uranium dioxide powder mixture (14.3 wt % enrichment in uranium-235) to J-13 water under saturated conditions. Another goal set for the experiment was to develop a method for utilizing isotope dilution techniques to determine whether the dissolution rate of uranium dioxide matrix is in accordance with an existing kinetic model. Results of these analyses revealed unequal uranium dissolution rates from the enriched and depleted portions of the powder mixture because of undisclosed differences between them. Although the presence of this inhomogeneity has precluded the application of the kinetic model, it also provided an opportunity to elaborate on the utilization of isotope dilution data in recognizing and quantifying such conditions. Detailed listings of uranium release and solution chemistry data are presented. Other problems commonly associated with spent fuel, such as the effectiveness of filtering media, the existence of uranium concentration peaks during early stages of the leach tests, the need for …
Date:
March 1991
Creator:
Veleckis, Ewald & Hoh, J. C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library