Devitrification and leaching analyses of four waste glasses were made to compare non-radioactive compositions to compositions made using fully radioactive waste calcine. Microstructural analyses of the phase behavior of glasses were performed by means of optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. The author's summary of the major findings are: Melt insoluables and crystallization products were found to the same extent in both radioactive and non-radioactive glasses of similar composition. High radiation field appeared to have no effect on the crystallization behavior. The results of long-term IAEA static leach tests indicated no significant difference between the average leach rates of the fully radioactive and non-radioactive glass formulations. Glass composition was more important in determining leach rates than was the extent of devitrification. In both short time tests at 75/sup 0/C or longer leach tests at 25/sup 0/C elemental analyses suggested that congruent dissolution did not occur.

A new automated search technique has been developed to improve the computational efficiency of performing criticality searches on low and high enriched systems with codes such as ANISN and KENO-IV. The technique employs a least-squares fit to a cubic polynomial on parameter values that have been previously generated either by the Extended Mean Value Theorem (EMVT) or by previous curve fits. The solution of the cubic for its roots at the desired value of K-effective completes one pass for the fixed value search while the solution of its derivative provides information about maximum values. This new search technique has been implemented in a FORTRAN routine called OPTMIZ which will eventually be part of a module in the SCALE system.

It is virtually certain that heavy ion beams will produce massive quantities of knock-on electrons for target chamber pressures above 1 torr. It was shown that the magnitude of the resulting current is more than sufficient to pinch the knock-on beam in most cases, assuming that a substantial fraction of this beam actually gets out ahead of the ion beam pulse. Although at least some of the ion beam experiences this defocusing, the overall effect on beam propagation is minimal if field reversal induced by the ion beam occurs near the beam head.

The shaping and plasma characteristics of doublet plasmas in Doublet III with high-Z limiters are described. Typical steady-state parameters at B/sub T/ = 24 kG are I/sub p/ = 1.5 MA, V/sub loop/ = 1.6 V, T/sub e/(O) = 1.0 keV, anti n/sub e/ = 4 x 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/, Z/sub eff/ = 2, q(O) approx. 1 and tau /sub E//sup e/(O) = 20 msec. Electron energy confinement and maximum plasma density are in agreement with standard circular tokamak empirical scaling laws. Chromium and molybdenum appear to be the dominant high-Z plasma contaminants, with relative concentrations of approx. 10/sub -4/. The central power balance does not appear to be dominated by high-Z impurity radiation.

The time projection chamber (TPC) is discussed. Its advantage is its ability to collect a great deal of information on multiparticle reactions from high-energy colliding beam experiments. The TPC makes it possible to reconstruct all the charged particles in the reaction, and it can be used for mass identification. (FS)

Remote maintenance and repair within nuclear environments have become more demanding of remote manipulation equipment in the last few years. A deficiency exists in the array of tools available for dexterous operations of loads in the 180-kg range. The development of a manipulation system with enhanced operator controls is discussed. This system is a six-degree-of-freedom manipulator with bilateral servo control. It is to be attached to a mobile support boom in order to operate throughout the nuclear cell. The manipulator is intended to work in conjunction with light duty servomanipulators, overhead crane systems, and through-the-wall mechanical master slaves.

Neutron yields, from interactions of multiampere 40- to 120-keV deuterium beams with deuterium atoms implanted in copper targets, have been measured in order to provide input data for shielding of neutral-deuterium beam facilities for magnetic fusion experiments.

In 1973, the first high energy polarized proton beam was developed at the Argonne Zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS). It operated very successfully and productively until 1979 when the ZGS was shut down permanently. This report describes the development, characteristics, and operations of this facility.

As the space-charge limit is approached, the current that can be accelerated in an rf linac and the output emittance that can be expected are discussed. The role of the envelope equations to estimate limits is outlined. The results of numerical experiments to explore general properties of emittance growth are given.

Only at N-Reactor is there a means to accommodate radwaste produced during decontamination. The Dresden system is expected to be ready to accommodate such solutions by the summer of 1979. Solidification of the processed decontamination waste may be a significant problem. There is doubt that the materials in current radwaste treatment systems can handle chemicals from a concentrated process. The total storage volume, for concentrated decontamination, is not sufficient in existing radwaste treatment systems. Greater attention should be placed on designing reactors and radwaste treatment systems for decontamination. A means of handling waste material resulting from leaks in the primary system during the decontamination must be developed. On-site storage of solidified decontamination wastes may be a viable option, but license amendments will be necessary.

The objective of this research is to assess the sensitivity of design parameters for a community solar heating system having annual thermal energy storage to factors including climate, building type, community size, and collector type and inclination. The system under consideration uses a large, water-filled, concrete-constructed tank for providing space heating, and domestic hot water (DHW). Collector field area and storage volume have been sized for 440 community designs in 10 geographic locations. Analysis of the data has allowed identification of those parameters that have first order effects on component sizing. Two linear relationships were derived which allow system sizing. The average ambient temperature is used to determine average yearly collector efficiency. This parameter combined with estimates of space/DHW loads, storage/distribution losses, and total yearly insolation per square meter allows estimation of collector area. Storage size can be estimated from the winter net load which is based on space and DHW loads, storage/distribution losses, and collector solar heat for the winter months. (MHR)

A prototype fission chamber was tested and several chambers were built. The design and performance characteristics are presented. (FS)

Some aspects of the optimization of an electron storage ring as a synchrotron radiation source will be presented. This will include the choice of magnet ring structure, choice of electron accelerating system parameters and choice of structure sections for the use of high field wigglers or undulators.

Ten natural gas companies have funded the Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) development of a laboratory facility for fluid and core analyses at temperatures and pressures characteristic of geopressured aquifers. The facility has been designed and constructed to measure the following parameters at pressures up to 20,000 psi and temperatures to 450/sup 0/F: solubility of methane in brines from actual geopressured aquifers; dependence of compression and compaction reservoir drive upon pressure; dependence of permeability upon reservoir pressure and temperatures; dependence of relative permeabilities to gas and to water upon the water saturation of pores, pressure, and temperature. Brine pumped through the core can be either gas-free or from a reservoir of brine with gas in solution. The facility is modular in design with major components including the reservoir of gas-saturated brine, high-pressure positive displacement pumps, and the core holder housed in a large oven. All components contacted by high-pressure, high-temperature brine are fabricated from Hastelloy C-276, Elgaloy, or Inconel 625 to avoid corrosion. The temperatures, pressures, differential pressure, and flow rates are controlled and/or recorded by a digital microcomputer/microprocessor. Operation will be controlled from a separate room and programmed; hands-off operation will be the normal mode of operation. The facility …

Advanced converter reactors (ACRs) of primary US interest are those which can be commercialized within about 20 years, and are: Advanced Light-Water Reactors, Spectral-Shift-Control Reactors, Heavy-Water Reactors (CANDU type), and High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors. These reactors can operate on uranium, thorium, or uranium-thorium fuel cycles, but have the greatest fuel utilization on thorium type cycles. The water reactors tend to operate more economically on uranium cycles, while the HTGR is more economical on thorium cycles. Thus, the HTGR had the greatest practical potential for improving fuel utilization. If the US has 3.4 to 4 million tons U/sub 3/O/sub 8/ at reasonable costs, ACRs can make important contributions to maintaining a high nuclear power level for many decades; further, they work well with fast breeder reactors in the long term under symbiotic fueling conditions. Primary nuclear data needs of ACRs are integral measurements of reactivity coefficients and resonance absorption integrals.

Cross section estimates are presented for the formation of ..lambda lambda.. and ..xi.. hypernuclei in the (K/sup -/, K/sup +/) strangeness exchange reaction, both for transitions to particular low-lying final states and also for the summed cross section. The problem of the well depth and damping width for a ..xi../sup -/ in nuclear matter is also addressed.

In order to investigate the ability of an advanced computer, using currently available software, to handle large LMFBR accident analysis codes, the SAS3D code has been run on the NCAR CRAY-1. SAS3D is a large code (56,000 Fortran cards) using many different physical models and numerical algorithms, no one of which dominates the computing time. Even though SAS3D was developed on IBM computers, remarkably little effort was required to run it on the CRAY-1. Making limited use of the CRAY-1 vector capabilities, it runs a factor of 2.5 to 4 times faster on the NCAR CRAY-1 than on the ANL IBM 370-195. With minor modifications, an additional 20 to 30% speed improvement on the CRAY-1 is achieved. In the current process of completely re-writing SAS3D to make SAS4A, much of the coding is being vectorized for the CRAY-1 without sacrificing IBM, CDC 7600, or UNIVAC performance and portability. An initial SAS4A test case runs a factor of 7.1 faster on the CRAY-1 than on the IBM 370-195.

To fulfill the need for monitoring ambient airborne chemicals, the Tradescantia stamen hair system has been adapted for use in a mobile laboratory. Controlled laboratory exposures of Tradescantia flower buds to several gaseous mutagens were positive with significant responses at < 0.1 ppM of 1,2-dibromoethane. Mutational response increases linearly with duration of exposure up to about 21 days for both physical (radiation) and chemical mutagens. Hence the stamen hair system achieves its greatest sensitivity with chronic exposures typical of those in populated areas near industrial pollution sources. A mobile monitoring vehicle was assembled utilizing controlled-environment growth chambers for both ambient air fumigations and concurrent clean-air control exposures. Industrial sites monitored by the mobile laboratory were selected because of known increased coincidence of human cancer and/or high levels of pollutants in the vicinity. The ambient air at all sites near petroleum refineries gave positive mutagenic responses in the Tradescantia stamen hairs. Smelters and chemical industries showed more varied responses. Preliminary analyses indicate that the highest biological activity was associated with highest levels of vapor-phase organics, especially at the New Jersey site. (ERB)

This paper presents a methodology for analyzing particle size distributions obtained in impact testing of brittle waste-form materials. The methodology includes (a) a linear two-parameter lognormal correlation of the weight fraction less than any given size, (b) a mathematical function of the two lognormal parameters to determine the total surface area in terms of a dimensionless shape factor, and (c) a surface-energy constant to predict the anticipated increase of surface area from the known energy absorbed in the impact of the brittle material. Preliminary measurements were made on impacted simulated glass specimens. The analysis is used as an example of the methodology. These results are also compared with reanalyzed impact test data reported by others.

Surface states on germanium p-i-n junctions have been investigated using deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and collimated beams of 60 keV gamma-rays. The DLTS spectra have a characteristic signature for each surface treatment but the spectra are complex and not readily interpretable as to suitability for radiation detectors. Collimated gamma-ray beams give a direct measure of surface channel effects and typeness. Hydrogenated amorphous germanium (a-Ge:H) was explored as a surface layer to adjust the electrical state and passivate the surface. Our measurements show that these layers produce flat band conditions, introduce no additional noise and appear to be stable against a variety of ambients.

A kinetic model for predicting the composition of chlorinated water discharged from power plants using fresh water for cooling was previously reported. The model has now been extended to be applicable to power plants located on estuaries or on the seacoast where saline water is used for cooling purposes. When chloride is added to seawater to prevent biofouling in cooling systems, bromine is liberated. Since this reaction proceeds at a finite rate there is a competition between the bromine (i.e., hypobromous acid) and the added chlorine (i.e., hypochlorous acid) for halogenation of any amine species present in the water. Hence not only chloramines but also bromamines and bromochloramines will be formed, with the relative concentrations a function of the pH, temperature, and salinity of the water. The kinetic model takes into account the chemical reactions leading to the formation and disappearance of the more important halamines and hypohalous acids likely to be encountered in chlorinated saline water.

The main consequences of the TDHF approximation are discussed and the present status of comparison with experimental data. It is intended that this will help to answer the question of whether the results obtained from the method are in reasonable proportion to the effort invested. 27 references. (JFP)

The measurement of compression is described in the context of the Inertial Confinement Fusion Program's transition from thin walled exploding pusher targets, to thicker walled targets which are designed to lead the way towards ablative type implosions which will result in higher fuel density and rho R at burn time. Several general aspects relating to the current state of affairs in compression experiments are discussed.

Preliminary calculations are made on a systematic restudy of the linear and nonlinear pulsations of helium stars allowing for more recent and higher estimates of the effective temperature and for the high carbon abundance. Linear and nonlinear models are used. Results show qualitative agreement with earlier ones, models with sufficiently large L/M have a very hot blue edge for their instability strip, very large L/M values lead to dynamically unstable models which would appear to eject mass and therefore may not be realistic models for the pulsating RCrB stars, for the sequence studied a reasonable mass could be greater than or equal to 1.5 Msub solar. 12 references. (JFP)